Siyasa ta dama
 right-wing | |
|---|---|
political alignment (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
political alignment (en) |
| Hannun riga da |
left-wing (en) |
Siyasa yanci ne, ko ( Siyasa ta dama) ita ce ƙewayon aƙidar siyasa waɗanda ke kallon wasu ke kallon ta a matsayin zamantakewa kamar yadda ba za a iya gujewa , ma halitta, na al'ada, ko abin da ake so, yawanci suna tallafawa wannan matsayi bisa ga dokar halitta, tattalin arziki, iko, dukiya, Addini, ilmin halitta ko al'ada. Ana iya ganin matsayi da rashin daidaito a matsayin sakamakon halitta na bambance-bambance na zamantakewar gargajiya ko launin fata a cikin tattalin arzikin kasuwa
Ana ɗaukar siyasa ta dama a matsayin takwaransa ga Siyasa ta hagu, kuma bangaren siyasa na hagu-dama yana ɗaya daga cikin bangarorin siyasa na yau da kullun.[1] Dama ta haɗa da masu ra'ayin mazan jiyamasu ra'ayin mazan jiya kudi [2] da kuma masu 'yanci.[3][4] "Haka" da "dama-dama" an yi amfani da su daban-daban a matsayin yabo da ra'ayoyi masu banƙyama waɗanda ke kwatanta ra'ayoyin Neoliberal, masu ra'ayin mazan jiya, da Fascist tattalin arziki da zamantakewa.
Matsayi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Matsayi masu zuwa galibi suna da alaƙa da siyasa ta dama.
Rashin Kwaminisanci[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Amfani da kalmar "dama-wing", dangane da Kwaminisanci, ya sanya masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a dama, masu sassaucin ra'ayi a tsakiya da kwaminis a hagu. Dukkanin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da masu sassaucin ra'ayi sun kasance mai adawa da kwaminisanci, kodayake masu adawa le kwaminisancin masu ra'ayi ya fi karfi fiye da masu sassaƙa ra'ayi. Tarihin amfani da kalmar dama game da adawa da kwaminisanci mai rikitarwa ne.
Yunkurin Marxist na farko sun saba da mulkin mallaka na gargajiya wanda ya mallaki yawancin nahiyar Turai a lokacin. Yawancin masarautun Turai sun haramta bayyana ra'ayoyin kwaminisanci da Manifesto na Kwaminisanci, wanda ya fara "[a] spectre [wannan] yana damun Turai", kuma ya bayyana cewa sarakuna suna jin tsoron kursiyinsu. Gudanar da kwaminisanci ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a Daular Rasha, Daular Jamus, da Austria-Hungary, manyan mulkoki uku a nahiyar Turai kafin Yaƙin Duniya na I. Yawancin masu mulkin mallaka (sai dai masu mulkin mallatteji) sun kalli rashin daidaito a cikin wadata da ikon siyasa sakamakon tsari na allahntaka. Sau da yawa ana bayyana gwagwarmaya tsakanin masu mulkin mallaka da kwaminisanci a matsayin gwagwarmayar tsakanin dama da hagu.
A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, a mafi yawan masarautun Turai, Hakkin allahntaka na sarakuna ya zama abin kunya kuma an maye gurbinsa da ƙungiyoyi masu sassaucin ra'ayi da na kasa. Yawancin sarakunan Turai sun zama shugabanni, ko kuma sun ba da wasu iko ga zaɓaɓɓun gwamnatoci. Masarautar Turai mafi ra'ayin mazan jiya, Daular Rasha, ta maye gurbin Tarayyar Soviet ta kwaminisanci. Juyin Juya Halin Rasha ya yi wahayi zuwa ga jerin wasu juyin juya halin kwaminisanci a duk faɗin Turai a cikin shekarun 1917-1923. Yawancin waɗannan, kamar Juyin Juya Halin Jamus, sun ci nasara da rundunonin soja na kasa da na mulkin mallaka. A wannan lokacin, an fara la'akari da kishin kasa na dama, musamman lokacin da yake adawa da kishin kasa da kasa na kwaminisanci.
Shekaru na 1920 da 1930 sun ga raguwar siyasar gargajiya ta dama. Mutanen da ke adawa da kwaminisanci masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun dauki nauyin su ne daga ƙungiyoyin Fascist masu tasowa a gefe guda da kuma masu ra'ayyar ra'ayin Amurka a gefe guda. Lokacin da kungiyoyin kwaminisanci da jam'iyyun siyasa suka fara bayyana a duniya, abokan adawarsu galibi Hukumomin mulkin mallaka ne kuma ana amfani da kalmar dama ga mulkin mallaka.
Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II, kwaminisanci ya zama abin mamaki a duniya kuma adawa da kwaminisancin ya zama wani ɓangare na manufofin cikin gida da na waje na Amurka da abokanta na NATO. Conservatism a zamanin bayan yakin ya watsar da tushen mulkin mallaka da aristocratic, yana mai da hankali kan kishin kasa, dabi'un addini, da kishin kasa. A duk lokacin Yaƙin Cold, gwamnatocin mulkin mallaka a Asiya, Afirka, da Latin Amurka sun juya zuwa Amurka don goyon bayan siyasa da tattalin arziki. Kwaminisanci sun kasance abokan gaba na jari-hujja, suna nuna Wall Street a matsayin mai zalunci ga jama'a. Amurka ta sanya adawa da kwaminisanci babban fifiko na manufofin kasashen waje, kuma yawancin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na Amurka sun nemi yaki da abin da suka gani a matsayin tasirin kwaminisancin a gida. Wannan ya haifar da karɓar manufofi da yawa na cikin gida waɗanda aka sani gaba ɗaya a ƙarƙashin kalmar McCarthyism . Duk da yake masu sassaucin ra'ayi da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun kasance masu adawa da kwaminisanci, ana kiran mabiyan Sanata McCarthy masu adawa kuma waɗanda ke hannun dama ana kiransu masu sassaucinni ra'ayi waɗanda suka fi son 'yancin magana, har ma ga kwaminisancin, masu hagu.
- ↑ McClosky, Herbert; Chong, Dennis (July 1985). "Similarities and Differences Between Left-Wing and Right-Wing Radicals". British Journal of Political Science (in Turanci). 15 (3): 329–363. doi:10.1017/S0007123400004221. ISSN 1469-2112. S2CID 154330828.
- ↑ Leonard V. Kaplan, Rudy Koshar, The Weimar Moment: Liberalism, Political Theology, and Law (2012) p. 7–8.
- ↑ Alan S. Kahan, Mind Vs. Money: The War Between Intellectuals and Capitalism (2010), p. 184.
- ↑ Jerome L. Himmelstein, To the right: The transformation of American conservatism (1992).