Idris Alooma

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Idris Alooma
Rayuwa
Haihuwa 1580 (Gregorian)
ƙasa Daular Kanem-Bornu
Mutuwa 1596
Sana'a
Sana'a sarki

Idris Alooma, Idris dan 'Ali (Alooma), ko Idriss Alaoma, (r. 1570-1602 / 03 ko 1580-1617) shi ne Mai (sarki) na Daular Kanem-Bornu, wacce aka fi sani da Chadi, Kamaru, Nijar da Najeriya. An rubuta sunansa daidai yadda ya dace Idris Alawma ko Idris Alauma . [1] Wani fitaccen shugaba ne, a karkashin mulkinsa Kanem-Bornu ta bunkasa har ta taba makuran karfin ikon ta. An tuna da Idris ne saboda kwarewarsa da shi da sojojin sa a wurin yaki, kuma ya sake fasalin gudanarwa na mulkin kasar da kuma tsayar da ibada a mahanga ta Musulunci. An kuma san shi ne a cikin babban yakokin da marubuci na tarihi Ahmad bin Fartuwa ya rubuta a littafinsa. [2]

Rayuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ya gaji sarauniya Aissa Koli .

Manyan masu bashi shawara sune Hausawa daga yamma, Tuareg da Toubou a arewa, da Bulala a gabashi. A daya daga cikin almaran wakan da'aka ruwaito, an ruwaito cin nasarar sa mai suna cin nasarar yaki har sau 330 a yaƙe-yaƙen dayayi a fiye da yakoki 1,000 da kuma fadace-fadace. Ya samar da abubuwa dayawa a fannin yaki, wadanda suka hada da samar da zaunan nan sansanonin sojoji da yin aiki da kawar da koma miye, ya kuma samar da dawakai masu linzami da mahayan su, da kuma samar da mayakan rakuma,da sojojin jirgin ruwa Kotoko kai harma da bindigun karfe.kuma dukkan sojojin sa an basu horo daga sojoji masu bada shawara na daular Ottoman. Tsarin mulkin siyasar sa yasa ya samu alaka mai kyau tsakaninshi daTripoli, Misira, da kuma daular Ottoman, wanda ya haka yasa shi tura jakadu 200 zuwa sassan fadin hamada izuwa kotun sa dake Ngazargamu . Alooma kuma ya sanya hannu a wata takardar yarjejeniya ko kuma takardar daina yaki a tarihin chadi.

Alooma ya gabatar da wasu sauye-sauye na doka, da na aiki wadanda suke da alaka da danganta da addininsa da koyarwar addinin Musulunci . Ya dauki nauyin gina masallatai da yawa sannan ya je aikin hajji a Makka, inda ya tsara batun samar da masaukin baki da yan daular sa zasu yi amfani dashi idan suka je aikin hajji. Kamar yadda yake a tsakanin shi da sauran sarakunan wannan lokacin. tsara tsaran sa da abunda yake so ya cin mawa yasa shi ya samu girmamawa da abota daga masu bashi shawara da sauran makwatansa sarakuna. dangane da aikace aikace ya dogara ne akan bayi da suka fito daga manyan gidaje. Alooma kuma yana karban shawara ne daga manya manyan shuwagabannin kabilu, kuma yana bukatar masanin siyasa ya ringa zama a kotun sa, kuma yana samar da makwabtaka ne a tsakaninsa da sauran kabilu ta hanyar yin aure. shi kanshi baban shi wanda haifeshi dan kabilar Kanuri ne mamansa kuma yar kabilar Bulala ce ).

Kanem-Bornu a ƙarƙashin Alooma tana da ƙarfi da arziki. Kudin gwamnati yana samuwa ne ta hanyar karban haraji daga mutanen garin (ko kuma ganima idan akayi nasara akan wasu mutanen) da kuma hakki a cikin kudin kasuwanci . Ba kamar Yammacin Afirka ba, yankin tafkin Chadi basu da arzikin zinari . Har yanzu daular kanem bornu ta kasance yanki kuma hanyar ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da suka dace don ƙetara hamadar Sahara . Tsakanin tafkin Chadi, da Fezzan sa a jerin da-spaced rijiyoyin da oases kuma daga Fezzan akwai sauki sadarwa a arewacin Afirka da kuma Rum . An aika samfura da yawa zuwa arewa, ciki har da natron ( sodium carbonate ), auduga, ƙwaya kola, hauren giwa, gashin tsuntsu, ƙanshin wuta, kakin zuma, da ɓoye, amma kasuwancin da yafi riba ya kasance cikin bayi . Wadanda aka shigo da su sun hada da gishiri, dawakai, siliki, gilashin, muskets, da tagulla . [3]

Alooma ya dakkwo ra'ayi akan kasuwanci da kuma hanyan da za'abi wajen habaka tattalin arzikin kasa. ya samu lambar yabo akan gyara hanyoyn kasuwanci da tafiye tafiye, kuma ya samar da tsayayyan fara shi akan fara shin hatsi kuma ya samr da hanya mai kyau akan fitan manoma zuwa samun saban wajen noma. har wayau kuma, ya samar da hanya mai tsaro kuma tsayayyar hanya wacce za'a bi wajen ganin cewa mata sunji tsoran Allah.

Wallafa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin shekarar 2013, Magnus Edet ya samu lambar yabo na karamin fim na daraktotacni Nollywood kuma ya sadaukar da kyautar sa ne ga Idris Alooma inda ya yi imanin cewa hakika shi mutum ne mai karfi a lokacin mulkinsa a duniya a matsayin mayaƙi mai neman 'yanci.

Duba nan kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Ibn Furtu
  • Tarihin Tarihin Sefuwa (Kanem-Bornu)
  • Daular Sayfawa
  • Daular Bornu

Tarihin rayuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Barkindo, Bawuro: "Yankunan farko na Sudan ta Tsakiya", a : J. Ajayi da M. Crowder (eds.), Tarihin Yammacin Afirka, vol. Ni, 3rd ed. Harlow 1985, 225-254.
  • Dewière, Rémi, L'esclave, le savant et le sultan. Maimaita martani ga monde et diflomasiyya au sultanat du Borno (XVIe-XVIIe siècles), thèse de doctorat dirigée par le professeur Bertrand Hirsch, Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, 2015, 713 f.
  • Hunwick, John: "Songhay, Bornu da Hausaland a karni na sha shida", a: J. Ajayi da M. Crowder (eds.), Tarihin Yammacin Afirka, vol. Ni, 1st ed. London 1971, 202-239.
  • Ibn Furṭū: "Yaƙin Kanem", cikin: Herbert R. Palmer: Memoirs na Sudan, vol. Ni, Legas 1928, p. 15-81.
  • Lange, Dierk: Le Dīwān des sultans du Kanem-Bornu, Wiesbaden 1977.
  • -: Labari mai cike da tarihi na Sudan: tashoshin Borno na Idrīs Alauma'to ', Wiesbaden 1987.

Diddigin bayanai[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. Lange, Diwan, 80-81; id., Sudanic Chronicle, 25.
  2. Lange, Sudanic Chronicle, 34-106.
  3. Hunwick, "Songhay, Bornu", 207-211.

Diddigin bayanai na waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • A country chad .Library of Congress Country Studies. 1990