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Yanayin Muhalli na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo

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Yanayin Muhalli na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo
geography of geographic location (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na Yanayin Afirka
Facet of (en) Fassara Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango
Ƙasa Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango
Rukunin da yake danganta Category:Lists of landforms of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (en) Fassara

Jamhuriyar Demokraɗiyyar Kongo (DRC), ita ce ƙasa mafi girma a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara, tana da faɗin ƙasa 2,344,858 square kilometres (905,355 sq mi) . [1] Galibin ƙasar na cikin lungu da sako na kogin Kongo . [1] Faɗin yankin tsakiya mai ƙasƙanci, wani kwano ne mai siffar tudu wanda ke gangarowa zuwa yamma, da dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi da koguna ke hayewa. Cibiyar dajin tana kewaye da filaye masu tsaunuka a yamma, tudun da ke haɗewa zuwa savannas a kudu da kudu maso yamma. Kyawawan ciyayi sun mamaye kogin Kongo a arewa. Manyan duwatsu na Ruwenzori Range (wasu sama da 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) ) ana samun su a kan iyakokin gabas tare da ƙasar Rwanda da kuma Uganda (duba gandun daji na Albertine Rift montane don bayanin wannan yanki).

Yankunan yanki

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Ana iya bayyana manyan yankuna da dama dangane da yanayin ƙasa da kuma yanayin ciyayi, wato tsakiyar Basin Kongo, tsaunukan arewa da kudancin rafin, da tsaunukan gabas. [1]

Babban yankin ƙasar shi ne tsakiyar Basin Kongo. [1] Samun matsakaicin tsayi na kusan 44 metres (144 ft), yana auna kusan 800,000 square kilometres (310,000 sq mi), wanda ya ƙunshi kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na yankin DRC. [1] Yawancin dajin da ke cikin kwandon fadama ne, kuma har yanzu yawancinsa ya ƙunshi cakuɗa marshes da ƙasa mai ƙarfi. [1]

Arewa da kudancin rafin sun kwanta filaye masu tsayi kuma, lokaci-lokaci, tsaunuka da aka rufe da gaurayawan ciyawa na savanna da ciyayi . [1] Yankin tuddai na kudu, kamar rafin ruwa, ya ƙunshi kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na yankin DRC. [1] Yankin ya gangara daga kudu zuwa arewa, yana farawa da kusan 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) kusa da iyakar Angola kuma ya faɗi kusan 500 metres (1,600 ft) kusa da basin. [1] Rufin ciyayi a yankin tuddai na kudu ya bambanta fiye da na tsaunukan arewa. [1] A wasu yankuna, gandun daji ya mamaye; A wasu kuma, ciyawa na savannah sun fi yawa. [1] Kudancin rafin, tare da rafukan da ke gudana cikin kogin Kasai akwai dazuzzuka masu yawa. [1] A kudu maso gabas mai nisa, galibin tsohuwar Lardin Katanga tana da ɗan tudu mai tsayi da ƙananan tsaunuka. [1] Yankin yamma na DRC, wani juzu'in gandun daji da ke kaiwa Tekun Atlantika, wani tsawo ne na tsaunukan kudu wanda ke faɗuwa sosai zuwa wani kunkuntar bakin teku mai nisan 40 kilometres (25 mi) dogon. [1]

A cikin tsaunukan arewa masu kunkuntar, murfin ya fi yawa savanna, kuma gandun daji ba su da yawa. [1] Matsakaicin tsayin wannan yanki kusan 600 metres (2,000 ft), amma yana tashi har zuwa 900 metres (3,000 ft) inda ya haɗu da gefen yamma na tsaunukan gabas. [1]

Yankin tsaunukan gabas shi ne yanki mafi girma kuma mafi ƙasƙanci na ƙasar. [1] Ya tsawaita fiye da 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) daga saman tafkin Albert zuwa iyakar kudancin ƙasar kuma ya bambanta da faɗi daga 80 to 560 kilometres (50 to 348 mi) . [1] Tsaunukanta da tsaunuka suna da tsayi daga kusan 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) zuwa fiye da 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) . [1] Hannun yamma na Babban Rift Valley ya samar da iyakar gabas ta ɗabi'a zuwa wannan yanki. [1] Iyakar gabashin DRC ta ratsa cikin kwarin da tsarin tafkunanta, waɗanda suka rabu da juna ta filayen da ke tsakanin manyan tuddai. [1]

A cikin wannan yanki, canje-canje a cikin tsayi yana kawo canje-canje masu kyau a cikin ciyayi, wanda ya kama daga montane savanna zuwa gandun daji na montane. [1] Tsaunukan Rwenzori tsakanin tabkuna Albert da Edward shi ne mafi girman kewayo a Afirka. [1] Tsayi da wurin da waɗannan tsaunuka suke a kan ma'auni suna samar da flora iri-iri da ban mamaki. [1]

Koguna da tafkuna

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Taswirar agaji na DRC

Kogin Kongo da magudanan ruwansa suna zubar da wannan rafi da kuma samar wa ƙasar mafi girman hanyar sadarwa na hanyoyin ruwa a Afirka. [1] 10 kilometres (6 mi) a tsakiyar tsakiyar tsayinsa, kogin yana ɗaukar nauyin ruwa wanda ya kasance na biyu kawai ga Amazon . [1] Magudanar ruwa ba a saba yin ta ba saboda koguna da koguna daga ɓangarorin biyu na ma'aunin ruwa suna ciyar da shi; canjin yanayi na damina da rani a kowane gefe na ma'aunin ruwa yana ba da tabbacin samar da ruwa na yau da kullun ga babban tashar. [1] A wuraren da aka toshe kewayawa ta hanyar hanzari da magudanan ruwa, saukowar kogin kwatsam yana haifar da karfin wutar lantarki fiye da yadda ake samu a kowane tsarin kogin a duniya. [1]

Yawancin DRC ana amfani da su ne ta tsarin kogin Kongo, lamarin da ya sauƙaƙa kasuwanci da shiga waje. [1] Hanyoyin sadarwa na ruwa suna da yawa kuma suna rarraba a ko'ina cikin ƙasar, tare da keɓance guda uku: arewa maso gabashin Mayombe a Kongo Central a yamma, wanda wani ƙaramin kogin bakin teku ya malalo da shi mai suna Shilango ; wani yanki da ke kan iyakar gabas da ke kusa da tafkunan Edward da Albert, wanda wani yanki ne na kogin Nilu ; da wani ɗan ƙaramin yanki na matsananciyar kudu maso gabashin DRC, wanda ke cikin kogin Zambezi kuma ya ratsa cikin Tekun Indiya . [1]

Yawancin tafkunan DRC su ma suna cikin kogin Kongo. [1] A yamma akwai Lac Mai-Ndombe da Lac Tumba, wadanda ragowar wani katon tabki ne wanda ya taba mamaye duk faɗin ruwa kafin ya keta bakin rafin da kogin Kongo da magudanar ruwa daga ciki. [1] A kudu maso gabas, tafkin Mweru yana kan iyaka da Zambia . [1] A kan iyakar gabas, Lac Kivu, tafkin mafi girma a Afirka ta Tsakiya da kuma cibiyar yawon shakatawa mai mahimmanci, da tafkin Tanganyika, kudu da Lac Kivu, dukansu suna shiga cikin kogin Lualaba, sunan da aka fi sani da kogin Kongo. [1] Ruwan manyan tafkunan arewa mafi girma na gabas kawai, Edward da Albert, suna malala arewa, zuwa cikin Kogin Nilu. [1][2]

Matsanancin maki

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Wannan jerin matsananciyar wurare ne na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, wuraren da ke da nisa daga arewa, kudu, gabas ko yamma fiye da kowane wuri.[3]

  • Yankin Arewa - wurin da ba a bayyana sunansa ba a kan iyakar Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya a cikin kogin Bomu nan da nan a yammacin garin Mbaga a CAR, Lardin Orientale .
  • Gabashin gabas - a wurin da sashin arewa na kan iyaka da Uganda ya shiga tafkin Albert nan da nan yammacin tashar tashar Mahagi, Lardin Orientale.
  • Yankin kudu - wurin da ba a bayyana sunansa ba a kan iyakar kasar da Zambia nan da nan zuwa arewa maso yammacin garin Ndabala na kasar Zambia, lardin Katanga.
  • Yankin yamma - wurin da iyakar da Cabinda ta shiga Tekun Atlantika, lardin Bas-Congo[4]

Duba kuma

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Manazarta

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  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 Samfuri:Citation-attribution
  2. ↑ "KINSHASA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO". Weatherbase. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  3. ↑ "STATIONSNUMMER 64210" (PDF). Danish Meteorological Institute. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 7 June 2016.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  4. ↑ "STATIONSNUMMER 64210" (PDF). Danish Meteorological Institute. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 7 June 2016.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
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