Eleonora Fonseca Pimentel

Eleonora Anna Maria Felice de Fonseca Pimentel (an haife ta Leonor da Fonseca Pimentel Chaves ; 13 Janairu 1752 - 20 Agusta 1799)mawaƙiyar Italiyanci ce kuma yar juyin juya hali wance ke da alaƙa da juyin juya halin Neapolitan da Jamhuriyar Neapolitan na yar gajeren lokaci (wanda kuma aka sani da Jamhuriyyar Parthenopean ) na 1799,'yar'uwar Jamhuriyar Faransa kuma ɗaya daga cikin da yawa da aka kafa a cikin 1790s. a Turai .

Rayuwar farko da iyali

An haifi Pimentel a Roma na dangin daraja na Portuguese.Ta rubuta waƙa,karanta Latin da Hellenanci kuma ta yi magana da harsuna da yawa (Italiyanci,Fotigal,Faransanci da ɗan Ingilishi)Lokacin yarinya,ta ƙaura tare da danginta zuwa Naples bayan matsalolin siyasa tsakanin Papal States (wanda Rome ce babban birnin kasar) da kuma Masarautar Portugal.Mutuwar mahaifiyarta a shekara ta 1771 ta bar ta da sadaki mai yawa,kuma ta yi alkawari da dan uwanta na farko,Miguel Lopes.A cikin 1776 alkawari ya rabu,kuma mahaifinta ya sami mata miji,Pasquale Tria de Solis,Laftanar Sojojin Neapolitan,wanda ta aura a 1778.A watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar,ta haifi ɗa,Francesco. Sai dai jaririn ya mutu kimanin watanni takwas bayan haka.Shi kadai ne yaron Eleonora saboda tashin hankalin da mijinta ya yi ya haifar da zubar da ciki biyu.Wadannan bala'o'in,duk da haka,sun haifar da ƙirƙirar da dama daga cikin manyan ayyukanta.

Shekaru shida bayan haka,ganin yadda ake wulakanta ’yarsa da kuma yadda aka yi amfani da sadakinta ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba, mahaifin Pimentel ya garzaya kotu ya nemi a mayar da ’yarsa gida.A cikin 1784 Kotun Naples ta ba da izinin dakatar da ikon Solis akan Pimentel,kuma an mayar da ita gidanta na iyali.Bayan shekara guda mahaifinta ya rasu, aka bar ta ita kaɗai.A cikin rashin lafiya saboda sabon talaucin da ta samu,ta roki sarki ya ba ta dan fansho,wanda aka ba ta saboda cancantar adabi.

Tarihin adabi

An rubuta waƙarta a cikin tsarin gyarawa,salon neoclassical,mai ban sha'awa na lokacin haskakawa.Sauran ayyukanta na adabi sukan haɗa da yabo ko shawarar gyara masarauta.Yayin da iyawarta ta adabi ke girma, ta zama sananne ta hanyar lashe gasar rubuce-rubucen sarauta da yawa.Wannan ya ba ta damar shiga cikin fitattun ƙungiyoyin adabi na Neapolitan kuma ya buɗe hanyar aika wasiƙun ta tare da manyan masu karatu a lokacin.Metastasio ya yi mata lakabi da "l'amabilissima musa del Tago," ko "Mafi kyawun kayan tarihi na Tagus ." Voltaire ya sadaukar da wata waka gare ta, inda ya kira ta da "Nightingale of beautiful Italy".Wasu fitattun ƴan adabin da ta yi hulɗa da su sun haɗa da Gaetano Alberto,Antonio,da Ferdinando Galiani.Ta kan fassara ayyuka daga wasu harsunan waje don kawo kuɗin shiga bayan rabuwarta da mijinta.Sharhin Pimentel akan fassarar ayyukanta ya kai ga rarraba ta a matsayin marubuciyar siyasa.Bayanan jama'arta kuma ya kai ga nadin ta a matsayin ma'aikaciyar laburare na sarauta ga Sarauniyar Naples, Maria Carolina ta Austria.A cikin 1799 ta ƙirƙira,ta yi aiki a matsayin Babban Edita,kuma ta rubuta wa Il Monitore Napoletano,wata babbar jaridar jamhuriya mai suna Le Moniteur Universel a Faransa.Takardar ta buga batutuwa talatin da biyar a cikin rayuwarta na 2 ga Fabrairu – 8 ga Yuni 1799.