Hare-haren Port Harcourt

Hare-haren Port Harcourt

Iri	rikici
Bangare na	Yaƙin basasan Najeriya
Kwanan watan	24 Mayu 1968

Invasion of Port Harcourt
Part of Biafran War
Date March 8 – May 24, 1968 (2 months, 2 weeks and 2 days) Location Port Harcourt, southern Biafra Result Nigerian victory
Belligerents
Nigeria	Biafra
Commanders and leaders
E.A. Etuk Philemon Shande Ipoola Alani Akinrinade Ted Hamman	Joseph Achuzie Ogbugo Kalu
Strength
unknown	unknown
Casualties and losses
unknown	unknown

Samfuri:Campaignbox Biafran WarHarin Fatakwal (8 ga Maris - 24 ga Mayu, 1968) rikicin yaki ne tsakanin sojojin Najeriya da na Biyafara.

Asali

A tsakiyar shekarun 1960 ne aka yi juyin mulkin soja karkashin jagorancin Manjo Nzeogwu wanda ya hambarar da gwamnatin dimokaradiyya wadda ta yi rashin gaskiya a sakamakon magudin zabe da tashe-tashen hankula. An dakile yunkurin juyin mulkin amma galibi ba a gurfanar da Inyamuran da suka yi yunkurin juyin mulkin ba daga hannun gwamnatin sojan da ta karbi mulki. Juyin mulkin dai ya yi kama da na kabilanci domin yawancin mutanen da aka kashe Hausawa/Fulani da Yarbawa ne, kuma kungiyar sojojin ta kasance karkashin wani dan kabilar Igbo, Maj. Gen. Agiyi Ironsi. An yi juyin mulki bayan wata shida da kuma kisan kiyashi da aka yi wa kabilar Inyamurai a kasar Hausa. Wannan ya haifar da gudun hijirar Inyamurai zuwa kudu maso gabas da kuma sauran abubuwan da dama marasa dadin ji wanda ya kai ga barkewa da yakin Biafra.

Kafin rikicin ya barke, an umarci sojojin ruwan Najeriya da su aiwatar da wani shingen shinge a kewayen Fatakwal da bakin kogin Bonny. Kame Calabar da sauran garuruwan bakin teku a watan Oktoban 1967 ya bar filin jirgin saman Fatakwal a matsayin hanya daya tilo ta sadarwa da tafiye-tafiyen zuwa kasashe na Biafra, duk da cewa ‘yan Biafra sun dauki lokaci suna tsara wasu jiragen ruwa na wucin gadi daga tsoffin titunan mota.

Yaƙi

Bayan shan kaye a yankin Kuros Riba, ‘yan Biafra sun sake tattara ragowar dakarunsu tare da kafa runduna ta 12 ta Biafra a karkashin jagorancin Laftanar Kanal Festus Akagha. An raba shiyyar ta 12 zuwa Brigade ta 56 dake Arochukwu da kuma Brigade ta 58 dake Uyo. A ranar 8 ga watan Maris, 1968, rairayin bakin teku na Oron sun fuskanci mummunan tashin bama-bamai na iska da na ruwa daga dakarun Najeriya. Rundunar sojojin Najeriya ta 33 a karkashin Col. Ted Hamman ya yi nasara a kan mayakan Biafra kuma ya ci gaba zuwa Uyo. Saboda saurin ci gaban da Najeriya ke yi, jami'an Biafra sun fara rasa iko da sojojinsu. Sakamakon haka ne aka katse daruruwan sojojin Biafra tare da tilasta musu mika wuya bayan da sojojin Najeriya da ke Oron suka hada kai da Brigade ta 16 da ta 17 ta Najeriya a Uyo. Brigade ta 16 karkashin Col. EA Etuk da 17th Brigade karkashin Lt. Col. Philemon Shande ya bi ta Eket ya mamaye Opobo . Da masu fafutukar kafa kasar Biafra sun ja da baya, rundunar sojojin Najeriya ta 15 a karkashin Col. Ipoola Alani Akinrinade da ke Bonny ya kai hari a Fatakwal . A wancan lokacin, dakarun Biafra ta 52 a karkashin Col. Ogbugo Kalu . Bayan kazamin fada, sojojin Najeriya sun kama tare da tona a Onne ; nasarar su ba za ta yi ɗan lokaci ba. Wani bangare na sojojin kasar Biafra a karkashin wani sojan hayar Biafra haifaffen kasar Italiya, sun yi musu dauki ba zato ba tsammani, inda suka yi sanadin salwantar rayuka da dama, kafin su tilastawa 'yan Najeriya ja da baya daga Onne. Bataliya ta 14 ta Biafra da ke Bori sun firgita tare da ja da baya daga garin bayan sun hango sojojin Najeriya sanye da tambarin Brigade 14 na Najeriya. Yayin da layukan Biafra da ke kewayen Fatakwal suka ruguje, an aike da sako ta gidan Rediyon Biafra domin kare birnin. A ranar 19 ga Mayu, Biafra Maj. Joseph Achuzie ya isa Fatakwal kuma an nada shi kwamandan sojojin Biafra masu kare birnin. An yi ruwan bama-bamai da manyan bindigogin Najeriya a Fatakwal yayin da suke kare sojojin Biafra sun yi turjiya. A cikin kwanaki biyar ana gwabza kazamin fada, filin jirgin saman Fatakwal da barikin sojoji sun sauya hannu a lokuta da dama amma a ranar 24 ga watan Mayu aka kori akasarin sojojin Biafra daga birnin zuwa yankunan da ke kewaye. Maj. Achuzie ya yi taurin kai ya ci gaba da yakar ‘yan Najeriya kafin ya tsallake rijiya da baya bayan da wata mota mai sulke ta yi kusa da ita; a lokacin ne Maj. Achuzie ya watsar da fada ya koma Igrita .

Bayan haka

Kwace Fatakwal ya hana Biafra isa zuwa teku gaba daya. Hukumomin Najeriya sun dauki hakan a matsayin gagarumar nasara; Gowon ya bayyana cewa da Biafra ta rike tashar jiragen ruwa na akalla wata guda, da ta iya samun karbuwa a duniya akalla daga wasu kasashe goma sha biyu. Har ila yau, sojojin Najeriya sun samu kwace iko a filin jirgin saman birnin, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a matsayin sansanin gaba wajen kai hare-hare ta sama a cikin yankin Biafra. Washegari bayan an kama Port Harcourt, Gen. Adekunle ya ce sanarwarwa cewa "Zan iya kama Owerri, Aba, da Umuahia nan a cikin makonni 2". Wannan maganar ta jawo farmakin Operation OAU . Sojojin Najeriya ba su samu nasarar kwace garuruwan Owerri da Aba ba har sai ranar 1 ga watan Oktoba, 1968, kuma sun kasa kama Umuahia na tsawon shekara guda. A ranar 15 ga Janairu, 1970, Biafra ta mika wuya ga Najeriya, ta kuma kawo karshen yakin.

Kaso mai yawa na Inyamurai mazauna birnin sun yi kaura tun kafin dakarun gwamnatin tarayya su kame yankin zuwa can cikin yankin Biafra, inda suka bar gidajensu da dukiyoyinsu. Sojin Najeriya ko kuma 'yan sauran kabilu da ba Inyamurai ba sun kashe sauran Inyamuran da suka rage. ‘ Yan kabilar Ijaw da dama sun yi maraba da zuwan sojojin tarayya kuma sun yi ikirarin cewa wasu kadarorin da aka kora kuma sun cike mukaman shugabancin kananan hukumomi. Bayan kammala yakin, 'yan kabilar Igbo sun koma birnin. An bukaci kwararrun ‘yan kabilar Ibo da dama don gudanar da harkar man fetur a dalilin haka kamfanonin mai suka ajiye su a wuraren da aka karewa tare da matsawa gwamnatin Najeriya lamba da ta tabbatar da tsaron lafiyarsu. Domin inganta sulhu, gwamnatin Najeriya ta ba wa dukkan 'yan kabilar Igbo tabbacin cewa za su iya kwato dukiyoyin da suka yi watsi da su a lokacin yakin idan sun dawo. Hakan ya yi wuya a Fatakwal, domin gwamnatin jihar Ribas ta bijirewa hukumomin tarayya, ta kuma ki kori barayin da ke kan kadarorin Igbo. Kotunan Jihohi sukan bi sahun ‘yan sara-suka, su kuma masu Ibo sun dauki hakan a matsayin wata manufa ta jiha ta sakayya a kansu.

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