Annoba a Najeriya
 | |
| Iri |
natural disaster (en)  |
|---|---|
| Bangare na | Afirka da Najeriya |
| Ƙasa | Najeriya |
| Has part(s) (en) | |
|
ambaliya girgizar ƙasa oil spill (en) Landslides (en) Zaizayar Kasa drought (en) soil erosion (en) | |
Bala'o'i na halitta a Najeriya galibi suna da alaƙa da yanayin yan Najeriya, wanda aka ruwaito ya haifar da asarar rayuka da dukiya. Wata bala'i ta halitta na iya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa, rushewar ƙasa, da ƙwayoyin cuta, a tsakanin sauran. Don a rarraba shi a matsayin bala'i, ana buƙatar samun tasirin muhalli mai zurfi ko asarar ɗan adam kuma dole ne ya haifar da asusun kuɗi. Wannan abin da ya faru ya zama batun damuwa, yana barazana ga yawancin mutanen da ke zaune a wurare daban-daban a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Najeriya ta gamu da nau'o'in bala'i da yawa, wadanda suka hada da ambaliyar ruwa, rushewar ƙasa, raƙuman ruwa masu yawa. Ana iya cewa yanayin da ke ƙarƙashin kariya da fadada ƙasar ya ba da gudummawa ga sa mutane su kasance masu saukin kamuwa da waɗannan bala'o'i. Sauran haɗari sun haɗa da guguwar ƙura ta arewa, wanda yawanci daga jihohin Arewa zuwa kudu; yana haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar manyan ajiyar ƙurar da datti daga waɗannan yankuna. Hail wani dalili ne, wanda ba ya faruwa a wasu sassan Najeriya, yana haifar da lalacewar amfanin gona da dukiya.[1][2]
Nau'o'in
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]fari
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An yi amfani da fari na 1972 da 1973 ga mutuwar kashi 13% na dabbobi a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya da kuma asarar amfanin gona na shekara-shekara sama da 50%.[3]
Yanayin ruwan sama tsakanin 1960 da 1990 a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya ya ragu da kusan 8 mm / shekara.[4]
Rashin fari na baya-bayan nan a Najeriya ya kasance tsakanin 1991 da 1995.[4]
Ruwan sama a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya tsakanin lokacin 1994 zuwa 2004 ya nuna cewa jimlar ruwan sama na shekara-shekara ya kasance daga 500 zuwa sama da 1000 mm.[4]
Matsalar fari tana hanzarta hamada: 63.83% na jimlar ƙasar tana da alaƙa da hamadar.[5]
Ambaliyar ruwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ambaliyar ruwa a sassa daban-daban na Najeriya ta haifar da mummunar lalacewar zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, rauni da asarar rayuka. Wasu daga cikin mummunan sakamakon ambaliyar sun hada da asarar rayuwar mutum, lalacewar dukiya, tsarin sufuri na jama'a, samar da wutar lantarki, amfanin gona, da dabbobi.[6]
2021
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A watan Agusta, ambaliyar ruwa ta faru a jihar Adamawa, ta shafi al'ummomi 79 a yankuna 16 na kananan hukumomi. Rahotanni sun ce mutane bakwai sun rasa rayukansu kuma kimanin mutane 74,713 da suka rasa muhallinsu sun zama marasa gida;[7][8] Duk da yake an lalata gonaki 150 da kimanin gidaje 66 a cewar Hukumar Kula da Gaggawa ta Jihar Adamawa (ADSEMA).[9]
2020
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin 2020, mutane 68 sun mutu kuma mutane 129,000 sun rasa muhallinsu saboda ambaliyar ruwa ta 2020. Wannan ya faru ne a cewar Darakta Janar na NEMA, Muhammadu Muhammed.[10][11]
2017
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ambaliyar ruwa ta Jihar Benue ta 2017 ta faru ne a watan Satumbar 2017 a tsakiyar Najeriya.[12] Makonni na ruwan sama ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa, zubar da ruwa da kogin da ke gudana a Jihar Benue. Ya kori mutane 100,000,[13][14] kuma ya lalata gidaje kusan 2,000.[15]
2010
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kimanin mazauna 1000 na Legas da jihohin Ogun na Najeriya sun yi gudun hijira saboda ambaliyar da ke da alaƙa da ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ya kara tsanantawa ta hanyar sakin ruwa daga madatsar ruwan Oyan zuwa Kogin Ogun[16]
Kimanin 'yan Najeriya 250,000 ne ambaliyar ta shafa a shekarar 2016, yayin da 92,000 suka shafa da ita a shekara ta 2017[17]
2023
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ranar 3 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2023, an yi ruwan sama mai yawa a Oke-Ako a yankin karamar hukumar Ikole na Jihar Ekiti. Yanayin ya dauki sama da sa'o'i biyu kuma ya lalata kimanin gidaje 105. Ruwan sama mai yawa ya lalata wasu kayan aikin lantarki a duk faɗin garin, wanda ya sanya mazauna cikin cikakken duhu.[18]
Gwamnan Jihar Ekiti, Mista Biodun Oyebanji, ta hanyar mataimakinsa Mrs. Monisade Afuye, ya bayyana abubuwan da suka faru a matsayin masu lalacewa kuma ya tabbatar wa wadanda abin ya shafa cewa gwamnati za ta ba da duk wani tallafi da ake bukata don rage duk abin da wannan yanayin ya haifar musu.[19]
Gudanarwar gaggawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Hukumar Taimako ta Gaggawa ta Kasa (NERA)
Hukumar Taimako ta Gaggawa ta Kasa (NERA) an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar Dokar 48 ta 1976 don mayar da martani ga ambaliyar ruwa mai lalacewa tsakanin 1972 da 1973.[20][21] NERA wata hukumar kula da bala'i ce bayan da take mai da hankali kan daidaitawa da rarraba kayan agaji ga wadanda ke fama da masifu.[21]
Samfuri:ExcerptTsarin Gudanar da Bala'i na Kasa na Najeriya(NDMF)
An kirkiro tsarin Gudanar da Bala'i na Kasa na Najeriya (NDMF) a cikin 2010 don aiki a matsayin kayan aiki na shari'a don jagorantar sa hannun masu ruwa da tsaki tare da girmamawa gudanar da bala'o'in a Najeriya.[22] An kirkireshi ne don inganta ingantaccen gudanar da bala'i tsakanin Gwamnatocin Tarayya, Jiha da Kananan Hukumomi, Kungiyoyin Jama'a da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. NDMF tana da wuraren mayar da hankali 7 da ka'idojin isasshen, wato:
- Ikon Cibiyar
- Haɗin kai
- Binciken Hadarin Bala'i
- Rage Hadarin Bala'i
- Rigakafin Bala'i, Shirye-shiryen da Ragewa
- Amsawar Bala'i
- Farfado da Bala'i
- Masu ba da gudummawa da Masu Ba da Gudanarwa
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- fari na Sahel na 2012
- Canjin yanayi a Najeriya
- Batutuwan muhalli a cikin Delta na Nijar
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Katsina residents panic over two-day hailstone". Punch Newspapers (in Turanci). 2022-09-12. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ↑ pulse.ng. "It's raining ice in Abuja and residents are over the moon". Pulse.ng.
- ↑ Disaster management and data needs in Nigeria (PDF). 2014.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Federal Republic of Nigeria" (PDF). knowledge.unccd.int. Retrieved October 21, 2022.
- ↑ Olagunju, T. E. (2015). Drought, desertification and the Nigerian environment: A review. Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment, 7(7), 196-209.
- ↑ Ajumobi, Victor Emeka; Womboh, SooveBenki; Ezem, Sebhaziba Benjamin (January 2023). "Impacts of the 2022 Flooding on the Residents of Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria" (PDF). Greener Journal of Environmental Management and Public Safety. 11 (1): 1–6.
- ↑ "7 killed, 74,000 displaced by flood in Adamawa". Vanguard News (in Turanci). 2021-08-26. Retrieved 2022-07-29.
- ↑ Ochetenwu, Jim (2021-08-26). "Floods claim 7, displaces 74, 713 Adamawa people in 2 weeks". Daily Post Nigeria (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-07-29.
- ↑ "Flood sacks Adamawa community, destroys 150 farmlands, 66 houses". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News (in Turanci). 2021-08-14. Archived from the original on 2022-07-29. Retrieved 2022-07-29.
- ↑ "Flooding affects 129,000 across Nigeria, kills 68 — NEMA" (in Turanci). 2020-12-07. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
- ↑ "Floods killed 68, displaced 129, 000 in 35 states, FCT, in 2020 — NEMA". Vanguard News (in Turanci). 2020-12-07. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
- ↑ "More than 100,000 displaced by flooding in central Nigeria". USA TODAY (in Turanci). Retrieved 2018-10-03.
- ↑ "Nigeria – Thousands Displaced by Floods in Benue State – FloodList". floodlist.com (in Turanci). Copernicus. 5 September 2017. Retrieved 2017-09-10.
- ↑ Al Jazeera (1 September 2017). "Nigeria floods displace more than 100,000 people". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2017-09-10.
- ↑ "Flood Hits Makurdi, Ravages Over 2,000 Homes • Channels Television". Channels Television. 2017-08-27. Retrieved 2017-09-10.
- ↑ Olanrewaju, Caroline C.; Chitakira, Munyaradzi; Olanrewaju, Oludolapo A.; Louw, Elretha (2019-04-18). "Impacts of flood disasters in Nigeria: A critical evaluation of health implications and management". Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies. 11 (1): 557. doi:10.4102/jamba.v11i1.557. ISSN 2072-845X. PMC 6494919. PMID 31061689.
- ↑ "Nigeria Struggling to Cope With Rising Natural Disasters". Council on Foreign Relations (in Turanci). Retrieved 2021-10-22.
- ↑ "Ekiti: Rainstorm wreaks havoc, destroys 105 buildings, several homeless". 7 March 2023.
- ↑ "Many homeless as rainstorm destroys houses in Ekiti". 5 March 2023.
- ↑ Sadiq, Abdul-Akeem (2012). "19". A Look at Nigeria's Bourgeoning Emergency Management System: Challenges, Opportunities, and Recommendations for Improvement. FEMA, U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Olanrewaju, Caroline C.; Chitakira, Munyaradzi; Olanrewaju, Oludolapo A.; Louw, Elretha (2019). "Impacts of flood disasters in Nigeria: A critical evaluation of health implications and management". Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies. 11 (1): 557. doi:10.4102/jamba.v11i1.557. ISSN 1996-1421. PMC 6494919. PMID 31061689.
- ↑ Nigeria: National Disaster Framework (2010) (PDF). National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities. 2010.