Anyanwu (sculpture)
 Anyanwu (sculpture) | |
|---|---|
tourist attraction (en)  da sculpture (en) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Farawa | 1954 |
| Laƙabi | Anyanwu |
| Ƙasa | Najeriya |
| Maƙirƙiri | Ben Enwonwu |
| Kayan haɗi | holoko |
| Collection (en) | Najeriya National Museum |
| Wuri | |
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Najeriya |
| Jiha | Lagos |
| Birni | Lagos |
Anyanwu (Turanci: The Awakening ) wani sassaka ne na tagulla da ɗan wasan Najeriya Ben Enwonwu ya ƙirƙira tsakanin 1954 zuwa 1955. Alamar siffa ce ta tatsuniyar Igbo da kuma allahn Anii.An kirkiro shi ne domin bikin bude gidan tarihi na Najeriya a Legas a shekarar 1956 kuma har yanzu ana kan baje kolin a wajen gidan tarihin. Najeriya ta gabatar da sigar girman rayuwar ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a shekarar 1966 kuma an nuna shi a hedikwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke birnin New York. An ƙirƙiri ƙananan ƙananan bugu da yawa na gaba tun daga lokacin.
Form and interpretation[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Hoton hoton macen 'yar kabilar Ibo ce ta tatsuniyoyi kuma allahn duniya Ani.Wannan yanki alama ce ta al'adun sassaka na kabilar Igbo da kuma fasahar kasar Benin. Labarin ya yi nuni da gaisuwar fitowar rana, domin girmama babban allahn Igbo Chukwu. Ani yana tashi daga ƙasa don ya gaishe da rana kuma ya birkice zuwa sama. Tana sanye da riga da kayan ado da aka yi da murjani, kayan gargajiya na mutanen Edo. An yi wa kan ta samfurin wani hoton Edo na uwar Sarauniya. An ƙawata ta da mundaye masu daidaitawa a wuyan hannunta.[1]
Enwonwu ya yi ikirarin cewa hangen nesan gunkin ya zo masa a cikin mafarki, yana mai bayyana shi a matsayin "siffar mace mai kyan gani da ke fitowa daga rana cikin tsananin shawa mai haske...ta matso kusa da shi cikin wani babban baka mai lankwasa... fasalin fuskar Habasha na al'ada da kayan ado a kwance a kwance na ƙwanƙwasa na ƙwanƙwasa waɗanda suka koma sararin sama, suna jujjuyawa zuwa aya.[2] Mawallafin tarihin rayuwarsa Sylvester Ogbechie ya fahimci kamanceceniya tsakanin Anyanwu da babban jigon a cikin wani zanen 1946 da Enwonwu ya yi daga jerin waƙoƙinsa na Song of the City Ogbechie ya yi imanin cewa Enwonwu ya dace da manufar da nau'i na gani na Anyanwu daga aikin 1921 Habasha Farkawa ta wani sculptor na Amurka Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller.[3] [4]
Mai sukar Ayodeji Rotinwa ya bayyana wannan yanki a matsayin "lithe kuma ga alama a cikin motsi" da kuma bayyanar da kungiyar Négritude da ra'ayin uwa game da samar da Najeriya a matsayin kasa mai cin gashin kanta. Enwonwu ya bayyana cewa burinsa na kirkiro Anyanwu shine.[5] domin nuna alamar al'ummarmu mai tasowa" yana jin cewa yana da:
... Tried to combine material, crafts and traditions, to express a conception that is based on womanhood–woman, the mother and nourisher of man. In our rising nation, I see the forces embodied in womanhood; the beginning, and then, the development and flowering into the fullest stature of a nation–a people! This sculpture is spiritual in conception, rhythmical in movement and three dimensional in its architectural setting–these qualities are characteristic of the sculptures of my ancestors.
Oliver Enwonwu, ɗan mai zane, ya bayyana wannan yanki a matsayin "[yana bayyana] buri na mutanen Afirka" da kuma cewa "...har yanzu yana da mahimmanci idan ya zo ga ci gaban baƙar fata" a cikin maganganun launin fata na zamani.
Enwonwu ya yi watsi da kwatancen da ke tsakanin siriri na Anyanwu da kuma sassaka na Alberto Giacometti, yana mai da'awar cewa Giacometti da sauran masu zamani na Turai sun dace da ka'idodin kyawawan halaye na fasahar Afirka.[6]
Wannan sassaka alama ce ta Gidauniyar Ben Enwonwu, wadda aka kafa don inganta ayyukan Enwonwu da gado. Gidauniyar ta bayyana wannan yanki a matsayin "daya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na Ben Enwonwu wanda ya fi kwatanta gudunmawar sa na farko ga fasahar zamani a Najeriya da Afirka ta hanyar kirkiro wani sabon harshe na gani wanda ya shafi kishin kasa da na Pan-Africanist" da kuma cewa. Ƙarfin sassaka ya samo asali ne daga nasarar [Enwonwu] na haɗe-haɗe na kyawawan al'adun gargajiya waɗanda aka zana daga gadonsa na Edo-Onitsha tare da dabarun Yammacin Turai da salon wakilci".[7]
Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayyana wannan sassaken a matsayin "alama ce ta fitowar rana ta sabuwar al'umma" da kuma cewa "yana wakiltar bangarori daban-daban na rana - hasken rana, alfijir, sake haifuwa, sabuwar rana, bege da farkawa" da kuma cewa matar. wanda aka nuna yana sanye da rigar masarautar Benin.
Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Asalin wannan sassaken an yi shi ne tsakanin shekarar 1954 zuwa 1955 a matsayin hukumar da gwamnatin Najeriya ta kafa domin bikin kafa gidan tarihi na Najeriya a Legas. Sigar asali har yanzu tana nan, ana nunawa a wajen gidan kayan gargajiya. [8]
1956 Version[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Enwonwu ya fito da cikakken girman sigar na biyu a cikin shekarar 1956 ta Enwonwu a cikin ɗakin studio na Burtaniya William Reid Dick. Enwonwu ya kera mutum-mutuminsa na Sarauniya Elizabeth ta biyu a cikin sutudiyo daya a wannan shekarar.[9] [10] Daga baya wani abokinsa ya siye shi daga Enwonwu da kansa a cikin shekarar 1970, kuma ya kasance wani ɓangare na tarin su na sirri har zuwa gwanjonsa na 2017 da Bonhams ya yi a cikin watan Fabrairu 2017 akan £ 353,000.
1966 Version[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An gabatar da sigar Anyanwu mai girma ta uku ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a wani biki na yau da kullun a ranar 5 ga watan Oktoba, 1966. Yana daga cikin tarin zane-zane na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Wakilin dindindin na Najeriya a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Cif Simeon Adebo, ya gabatar da shi ga Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, U Thant jim kadan bayan cika shekaru shida da kafuwar Tarayyar Najeriya da kawo karshen mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya. Tsayinsa yakai ƙafa 10 inci kuma yana tsaye akan gindin marmara. Wannan sassaken yana cikin Ginin Taro tsakanin Kwamitin Tsaro da Majalisar Amintattu. [11]
Ƙananan bugu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Aƙalla ƙananan bugu huɗu na sassaka an samar da su, yawanci tare da tagulla ko zinariya. Farashin ya karu sosai a cikin karni na 21st, siyarwar 2005 a Christie's na bugu na Bronze na Anyanwu na 1975 an sayar da shi akan £360, kuma a cikin 2012 an sayar da bugu a Arthouse Contemporary a Najeriya akan £110,000 (tare da kudade), kafa. rikodin aikin fasaha mafi tsada da aka sayar a gwanjo a Najeriya. [8] An sayar da bugu na Anyanwu akan £237,000 (tare da farashin gwanjo) a cikin Maris 2021 a Bonhams a Landan. [8]
A cikin labarin 2021 na Jaridar Art, Ayodeji Rotinwa ya rubuta cewa "kowane lokaci" bugu na Anyanwu yana fitowa a kasuwar fasaha "... yana da halartar fanfare, sai dai ya shiga cikin nutsuwa ya mallaki sabon mai shi. da kyar a sake yin magana har sai bayyanar wani misali" da kuma cewa asalin sassaken da aka yi a gidan tarihi na kasa da ke Legas "yana kan wani lawn da ke matukar bukatar gyaran fuska kuma yara marasa sha'awar yin tafiye-tafiyen makaranta suna ziyartan su akai-akai". Rotinwa ya lura cewa babu ɗayan ƙananan bugu na wannan yanki da gidajen tarihi na jama'a na Najeriya suka samu. [8]
Shugaban Najeriya, Shehu Shagari, ya mika wa Elizabeth II da Yarima Philip, Duke na Edinburgh wani karamin bugu na Anyanwu a ziyarar da ya kai kasar Burtaniya a shekarar 1981.[12] Yana daga cikin Tarin Sarauta na gidan sarautar Burtaniya. [13]
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Ayodeji Rotinwa (23 April 2021). "Nigerian artist Ben Enwonwu's greatest work is much loved by the art market—but it should mean more to art history too". The Art Newspaper. Archived from the original on 2021-04-23. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ↑ "Benedict Chukwukadibia Enwonwu M.B.E (Nigerian, 1917-1994) Anyanwu (1956)". Bonhams. Archived from the original on 2021-09-14. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ↑ Ogbechie, Sylvester (2008). Ben Enwonwu: The Making of an African Modernist. New York: University Rochester Press.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedOgbechie - ↑ "Ben Enwonwu (Nigerian, 1921-1994)- Anyanwu". Bonhams. Archived from the original on 2021-09-14. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
- ↑ Our Mission and Symbol". Ben Enwonwu Foundation. Archived from the original on 2021-04-14. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ↑ "Nigerian Sculpture at United Nations Headquarters". United Nations. October 1977. Archived from the original on 2018-01-28. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedAN - ↑ Ben Enwonwu (Nigerian, 1921-1994)-Anyanwu". Christie's. Archived from the original on 2021-09-14. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedUN - ↑ "The Rising Sun 1979-81". Royal Collection Trust. Archived from the original on 2021-09-14. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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