Russian bounty program

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Russian bounty program
military project (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Bangare na War in Afghanistan (en) Fassara

Shirin bayar da lamuni na Rasha wani shiri ne da ake zargin jami'an leken asirin sojan Rasha na biyan tukwicin ga mayakan da ke da alaƙa da Taliban saboda kashe Amurkawa da sauran dakarun kawance a lokacin yakin Afghanistan . Kasancewar shirin da ake zargin an ruwaito shi a kafafen yada labarai a cikin shekarata 2020 kuma ya zama batu a yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa na shekarar 2020 . A cikin watan Yunin shekarar 2020, The Washington Post ta ba da rahoton cewa bayanan sirri da ke ba da shawarar kasancewar wani aiki na kyauta wanda aka kwanan watan a farkon 2018. The Washington Post da Associated Press duk sun ba da rahoton cewa an sanar da jami'an gwamnatin Trump game da rahoton leken asirin a farkon shekara ta 2019. A cikin watan Yunin shekarar 2020, jaridar New York Times ta ruwaito cewa hukumomin leken asirin Amurka sun tantance, watanni da dama da suka gabata, cewa Unit 29155 na hukumar leken asirin sojan Rasha GRU ta yi tayin baiwa mayakan Taliban lamuni a asirce don kashe sojojin Amurka da sauran jami’an hadin gwiwa a Afghanistan, ciki har da yayin tattaunawar sulhu da Taliban . Jaridar New York Times ta ruwaito cewa "Jami'ai sun ce an samu rashin jituwa tsakanin jami'an leken asirin game da karfin shaidun da kuma ake zargin na Rasha ne." Jami'an ma'aikatar tsaro sun bayar da rahoton cewa leken asirin sojojin Amurka sun kasa tabbatar da shirin da aka ruwaito. A cikin Afrilu 2021, gwamnatin Amurka ta ba da rahoton cewa ƙungiyar leƙen asirin Amurka tana da "ƙananan amana zuwa matsakaici" a cikin zarge-zargen shirin kyauta.

Fage[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  A cikin shekarar 2010, an kuma bayar da rahoton cewa Iran ta biya wa mayakan Taliban dala 1,000 ga kowane sojan Amurka da suka kashe a Afghanistan ( equivalent to $1,240 a 2021 ). Jami'an Amurka da Birtaniyya sun zargi Iran da bayar da tallafi da makamai ga mayakan Taliban a Afganistan. A watan Agustan 2019, jaridar Washington Post ta ba da rahoton cewa "dangantakar Iran da Taliban a yanzu ta shafi tattalin arziki, tsaro da siyasa kuma mai yiwuwa ta bunkasa kamar yadda Taliban ta sake jaddada kanta." Ana kuma zargin Pakistan da Saudiyya da goyon bayan Taliban.

Da farko dai Rasha ta goyi bayan yakin da Amurka ke yi da ta'addanci tare da amincewa da bayar da tallafin dabaru ga sojojin Amurka a Afganistan . A watan Mayun shekarar 2015, Rasha ta rufe wata babbar hanyar safarar sojoji wacce ta baiwa NATO damar isar da kayayyakin soji zuwa Afghanistan ta cikin yankin Rasha. Hukumar leken asiri ta bayar da rahoton cewa, Rasha tana ba wa ' yan Taliban makamai na tsawon shekaru da dama tare da tuntuɓar juna a Arewacin Afghanistan tun daga 2015. A baya dai jami'an tsaro daga Amurka da Afganistan sun ayyana cewa kasar Rasha na bayar da tallafin kudi da makamai ga ƙungiyar Taliban da shugabanninta. Jami'an gwamnatin Rasha dai sun bayyana zargin mara tushe. [1] Carter Malkasian, tsohon mai ba da shawara ga kwamandojin sojojin Amurka a Afganistan, ya ce Rasha ta fara kulla alaƙa da "wasu 'yan Taliban" a arewacin Afganistan a shekara ta 2015, mai yiwuwa a matsayin mayar da martani ga ayyukan IS . [2] A cewar BBC, Rasha "ta damu matuka game da ƙaruwar masu tsatstsauran ra'ayin Islama a yankin da ke yaduwa a cikin ta. Kuma tana kallon ’yan Taliban a matsayin wata katafariyar katangar da za ta iya magance wannan.” A watan Fabrairu da kuma a cikin Mayu 2019, wata tawaga ta jami'an Taliban da manyan 'yan siyasar Afghanistan sun gana a Moscow don gudanar da wani sabon zagaye na tattaunawar zaman lafiya na Afghanistan . Kamfanin dillancin labaran reuters ya bayar da rahoton cewa "Jami'an Rasha da shugabannin addinai da dattawa sun nemi a tsagaita wuta."

Unit 29155 rukunin sirri ne na GRU wanda ke da alhakin kashe-kashen waje da sauran ayyukan ɓoye. An dai alakanta sashin da yunkurin juyin mulkin ƙasar Montenegrin na shekarar 2016, da gubar da aka yiwa kamfanin kera makamai na Bulgaria Emilian Gebrev, da kuma gubar Sergei da Yulia Skripal .

A cikin shekarar 2019, an kashe jami'an Amurka 23 a wani aiki a Afghanistan. Ma'aikatan sabis na Amurka goma sun mutu sakamakon harbin bindiga ko fashewar abubuwa a cikin 2018 da 16 a cikin 2019. An kuma kashe wasu biyu a cikin 2020 kafin tsagaita bude wuta a watan Fabrairu da farkon cutar ta COVID-19 . An kashe da yawa daga cikin sojojin a hare-haren kore-da-blue (harin da jami'an tsaron Afganistan suka kai kan dakarun hadin gwiwa). A watan Disamba na shekarar 2019, takardun Afghanistan sun bayyana cewa manyan sojoji da jami'an gwamnati gabaɗaya suna da ra'ayin cewa yaƙin Afghanistan ba shi da nasara, amma sun ɓoye hakan ga jama'a.

A cewar karar, wanda aka shigar a watan Disamban shekarar 2019 a Kotun Gundumar DC a madadin iyalan Gold Star, manyan ' yan kwangilar tsaro na Amurka da na kasa da kasa da ke da hannu a Afganistan sun ba da "kudaden kariya" ga Taliban ba bisa ka'ida ba, tare da ba da tallafin "Ta'addancin da Taliban ke jagoranta" kashe ko jikkata dubban Amurkawa a Afghanistan. Wata shari'ar da ke da alaka da ita ta zargi gwamnatin Iran. [3] A shekara ta 2009, Sakatariyar Harkokin Wajen Amurka a lokacin Hillary Clinton ta ce "kudin kariya" yana daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin samun kudade ga Taliban.

A ranar 29 ga Fabrairun shekarar 2020, gwamnatin Trump ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya tare da Taliban, wanda ke yin kira da a janye sojojin kasashen waje a cikin watanni 14 idan Taliban ta kiyaye sharuddan yarjejeniyar. A watan Mayun 2020, Shugaba Trump ya ce "lokaci ya yi" da za a dawo da sojojin Amurka gida daga Afghanistan.

Tarin hankali[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A farkon shekarar 2019 ne aka fara sanar da jami'an fadar White House rahotannin sirri game da shirin bayar da lamuni na Rasha.

Rahotannin da ke fitowa daga dakarun Amurka na musamman da kuma jami’an leken asiri da ke da hedkwata a Afganistan na cewa an biya ‘yan ta’addar tukwici a shekarar 2019 saboda harin da suka kai wa sojojin Amurka a shekarar 2019 da 2020. Rahotannin sun dogara ne kan tambayoyin mayakan da aka kama (ciki har da tambayoyin da sojojin Amurka suka yi), tambayoyin wadanda aka kama; da bayanan sa ido. Bayanan da aka samu daga mayakan Taliban "daga bangarori daban-daban na kasar da kuma na kabilu daban-daban" sun kasance iri daya. Tun da farko dai hukumomin leken asiri da manazarta sun samu sabani kan amincin binciken da aka yi kan tambayoyin da ake tsare da su. Bayanai na lantarki da aka kama sun nuna babban musayar banki zuwa asusun da ke da alaƙa da Taliban daga asusun da GRU ke sarrafawa. Jami'an Afganistan sun ce 'yan kasuwa da dama da suka aika kudi ta hanyar hawala ana zargin su ne masu shiga tsakani na shirin bayar da lamuni kuma an kama su a wani samame. [4] A cikin watan Janairun 2020, wani farmakin hadin gwiwa tsakanin sojojin Amurka da Hukumar Tsaro ta Afganistan, sun kuma kai farmaki kan sansanin Taliban a Kunduz . An kama mutane 13. Daya ya tsere zuwa Tajikistan yayin da ake tunanin wani dan kasar Afganistan mai safarar miyagun kwayoyi Rahmatullah Azizi ya tsere zuwa kasar Rasha. Jami'an tsaro sun kwato kusan dalar Amurka 500,000 daga gidan Azizi a Kabul . A cewar jaridar New York Times, jami'an leken asirin Amurka sun bayyana Azizi a matsayin babban dan tsakani, inda ya karbi makudan kudade na dubban daruruwan daloli daga kasar Rasha tare da raba su ga mayakan da ke da alaka da Taliban. [5] Wannan farmakin dai ya kara tsananta zargin da leken asirin Amurka ke da shi na alaka ta kudi da Rasha da kungiyar Taliban da kuma cibiyoyin sadarwa masu alaka. [6]

An kuma ba da bayanai kan shirin bayar da lamuni a cikin rahotannin leken asiri kuma jami'ai biyu sun ce babban jami'in hukumar CIA na yankin ne ya san shirin da kuma sojojin da ke da alhakin shigar da kungiyar Taliban. CIA ta samar da kima na leken asiri, bita da kuma tabbatar da binciken. Kiyasin ya kammala da cewa, jami'an sojan Rasha sun bayar da tukuicin tuhume-tuhume kan nasarar da aka samu kan dakarun hadin gwiwa a shekarar 2019. Ana kyautata zaton mayakan Islama ne ko kuma abokan huldar su da suka yi mugun laifi suka tattara tukuicin da aka bayar daga shirin. Jami'an soji sun kuma yi nazari kan wadanda aka kashe a fadan da suka yi a baya domin tantance ko za a iya alakanta wani daga cikin wadanda suka mutu da shirin bayar da kyautar. [7] Masu bincike sun mayar da hankali kan hare-hare guda biyu kan sojojin Amurka, daya daga cikinsu shi ne harin bam a wajen filin jirgin saman Bagram a watan Afrilun 2019 wanda ya kashe sojojin ruwa Robert A. Hendriks, Benjamin S. Hines, da Christopher Slutman. Jami’ai ba su bayyana yadda aka zabo wuraren da sojoji suka kai wa hari ba ko kuma yadda ake biyan mayakan. [1] Jami'an Afganistan da ba a bayyana sunayensu ba sun yi ikirarin cewa shirin bayar da ladan ya yi tayin bayar da dala 100,000 ga kowane sojan Amurka ko na kawancen da aka kashe.

Ƙimar hankali[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kasancewar shirin bayar da lamuni na Rasha zai nuna ci gaban yakin cacar baki na biyu da ke gudana kuma a karon farko da aka san GRU da kitsa kai hare-hare kan jami'an soji na Yamma. A cewar wani rahoto na New York Times a watan Yuli 2020, gwamnatin Trump ta nemi haifar da shakku game da wanzuwar shirin lamuni na Rasha. Hukumar Leken Asiri ta kasa, wacce ta ba da rahoto ga daraktan leken asirin kasa na Trump, John Ratcliffe, ta samar da wata takarda mai shafi biyu da rabi da ke nuna cewa CIA da Cibiyar Yaki da Ta'addanci ta kasa sun tantance da "matsakaicin amincewa" (watau, "da gaske an samo asali kuma a bayyane yake)., amma faduwa kusa da tabbas") cewa GRU ya ba da kyauta, amma Hukumar Tsaro ta Kasa (NSA) da sauran sassan Al'umman Leken asiri sun ce "ba su da bayanan da za su goyi bayan wannan matakin a matakin guda" don haka suna da ƙasa. amincewa a ƙarshe. Wani rahoton Wall Street Journal na daban ya ce hukumar ta NSA ta "ba da ra'ayi sosai" daga kimantawar CIA da Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Tsaro cewa makircin ladar gaskiya ne kuma na gaske.

Ma'aikatar Tsaro (DOD), a cikin shaida a cikin Yulin shekarar 2020 ga Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar ta Janar Mark Milley, shugaban hafsan hafsoshin hafsoshin soja da sakataren tsaro Mark Esper, ya ce hukumomin leken asirin Amurka ba su da wani bayani don tabbatar da rahotanni. na shirin bayar da lamuni na Rasha a Afganistan kuma ba shi da wata shaida na "sabani da tasiri dangane da shirin lamuni na Rasha wanda ke haddasa asarar sojojin Amurka." [8]

Da hawansa mulki, Biden ya umurci gwamnatinsa da ta gudanar da cikakken nazari kan manufofin Amurka game da Rasha. An haɗa rahotannin kyauta a cikin bita, tare da wasu batutuwa (kamar guba da ɗaurin kurkuku na Alexei Navalny, ƙoƙarin Rasha don tsoma baki tare da zaɓen Amurka, da SolarWinds cyberespionage harin ). [9] [10] A cikin 2021, Sanata Tammy Duckworth (Democrat na Illinois) ya nemi Daraktan Leken Avril Haines da ya fito fili ya fitar da wani kima na Al'ummar Leken Asiri na Amurka game da leken asirin Rasha don nuna gaskiya. [10]

Wani mai magana da yawun Hukumar Tsaron Kasa ta Amurka (NSC) ya fada a cikin sanarwar Afrilu 2021 cewa Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Amurka tana da "kyakkyawan amincewa da matsakaici" kan wanzuwar shirin bayar da lamuni na Rasha. [11] A cikin leken asirin Amurka, "madaidaicin kwarin gwiwa" yana nufin cewa bayanan sirri sun tantance bayanan a matsayin "masu inganci kuma an samo su cikin aminci, amma ba a tabbatar da su sosai don cancantar ƙima mafi girma" da "ƙananan ƙarfin gwiwa" yana nufin ƙarshen ya kasance "dangane da bayanan da ake tambaya ko rashin fahimta - ko kuma bayanin da ya tarwatse ko kuma ba a tabbatar da shi ba don yin tsattsauran ra'ayi". Jami'ai sun ce "ƙananan amincewa da matsakaici" yana da nasaba da tushen bayanan falala ('yan fursunonin Afghanistan, bayanan kuɗi da aka kama yayin wani hari, da "bayanai da shaidar alaƙa da masu aikata laifuka a Afghanistan da kuma abubuwan da ke cikin gwamnatin Rasha" [12] ), wanda kuma ba za a iya ɗauka da ƙima ba, da kuma yanayin aiki a Afghanistan wanda ke sa tattara bayanan sirri (don tabbatar da hasashe) da wahala. [11] [13] Sai dai wannan sanarwar ta kuma ce hukumar leken asirin Amurka tana da "kwarin gwiwa" kan wani bincike na daban na cewa leken asirin sojan Rasha na gudanar da "mu'amala da daidaikun mutane a cikin kungiyoyin masu aikata laifukan Afganistan" ta hanyar "daidai da hare-haren karfafa gwiwar da Rasha ke kai wa Amurka da ma'aikatan hadin gwiwa a Afghanistan. " [12] [13] Kwararru a fannin leken asiri sun ce abu ne na al'ada don hankali ya yi duhu. [11] [13] [14]

Rahoto[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Da yake ambaton majiyoyin da ba a bayyana sunayensu ba, a ranar 26 ga Yuni, 2020, jaridar New York Times ta ba da rahoto game da wani shirin soja na Rasha na biyan tukwici ga mayakan da ke da alaka da Taliban saboda kashe sojojin Amurka a Afghanistan . Bayan kwanaki biyu, jaridar Washington Post ta ruwaito cewa shirin bayar da kyautar ya yi sanadin mutuwar aƙalla sojan Amurka daya. Jaridar Washington Post ta ruwaito cewa, "Mutane da dama da ke da masaniya kan lamarin sun ce ba a san takamaimai nawa Amurkawa ko sojojin hadin gwiwa na wasu kasashe aka kashe ko aka kai musu hari a karkashin shirin ba" da kuma bayanan sirrin da aka samu daga tambayoyi da sojojin Amurka suka yi wa 'yan Taliban da suka kama. 'Yan ta'addar da ke da alaka, an "gare su daga sojojin Amurka na musamman da ke Afganistan kuma sun kai ga wani taƙaitaccen taron fadar White House" a ƙarshen Maris 2020. [2] Jaridar The Times ta ruwaito cewa masu binciken na Amurka sun gano akalla hari guda daya da suke zargin an karfafa musu gwiwa: wani harin bam da aka kai a ranar 8 ga Afrilu, 2019 a wajen filin jirgin saman Bagram wanda ya kashe sojojin ruwa uku tare da raunata wasu uku, tare da jikkata akalla ‘yan kasar Afghanistan shida. A ranar 9 ga Yuli, 2020, Sakataren Tsaro Mark Esper ya ce Marine Gen. Kenneth McKenzie Jr. da hukumomin leken asiri na DOD ba su sami wata alaƙa tsakanin tuhume-tuhumen da ake zargin Rasha da kai harin ba.

Martani[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Afghanistan[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Shugaban kasar Afganistan Ashraf Ghani ya ce kasar ba za ta iya zama wurin da ake gudanar da manyan wasannin motsa jiki ba tsakanin shugabannin kasashen duniya, yana mai cewa hakan ya kawo bala'i a kasar a karni na 19 da kuma karshen karni na 20.

Rasha[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rasha ta musanta cewa akwai shirin bayar da lamuni, tana ba da musantawa ta hannun mai magana da yawun Putin Dmitry Peskov, Sakataren Majalisar Tsaron Rasha Nikolai Patrushev, Wakilin Rasha a Afghanistan, Zamir Kabulov, [15] da kuma dan majalisar Rasha Frants Klintsevich. memba na kwamitin tsaro da tsaro na Majalisar Tarayya. Jami'an diflomasiyyar Rasha sun zargi jaridar New York Times da yada labaran karya kuma sun ce labarin ya haifar da barazana ga jami'an diflomasiyyar Rasha. Ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Rasha ta ce labarin ya nuna "karancin basirar masu yada bayanan leken asirin Amurka." [16]

Wasu ƙwararrun Rasha sun ce "Leƙen asirin Amurka game da Rasha sun rabu da gaskiya gaba ɗaya" kuma rahotanni game da falala "sun yi aiki kawai don rura wutar yakin basasa na siyasa tsakanin Shugaba Donald Trump da abokan hamayyarsa a Washington"; Andrei Kortunovru [ru], darektan majalisar kula da harkokin kasa da kasa ta kasar Rasha, mai alaka da ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar, ya bayyana cewa, biyan kudade ga kungiyar Taliban zai cutar da muradun kasar Rasha, ta kuma hanyar gaggauta janyewar Amurka daga yankin, da kuma kara barazanar da masu kishin Islama za su shiga kan karagar mulki. a Afghanistan, yana haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali da tayar da zaune tsaye a cikin tsoffin jihohin Soviet na tsakiyar Asiya. Sai dai kuma a cewar wata hira da aka yi da jami'an Afghanistan, da jami'an Amurka, da jami'an diflomasiyyar kasashen waje da suka yi aiki a Kabul, 'yan Taliban, Rasha da Iran, duk da cewa abokan gaba ne na tarihi, suna da sha'awar ficewar Amurka daga Afganistan, inda Rashawa ke kallon kasancewar Amurka. a tsakiyar Asiya a matsayin barazanar dabara. Jami'an leken asirin Amurka sun ce a shekara ta 2012 ne Rasha ta fara gina hanyar diflomasiyya ga kungiyar Taliban [17] Lokacin da Rasha ta fahimci cewa Amurka na da niyyar barin Afghanistan, sai ta fara aiki don taimakawa masu sassaucin ra'ayi, ƙungiyoyin Taliban masu kishin ƙasa su yi galaba a kan fikafikan da suka fi muni. Yana da nufin matsar da tsarin zaman lafiya zuwa matsakaiciyar hanya ta hanyar kai tsaye tare da Taliban kuma, a cewar masana na Rasha, watakila sun ƙirƙiri ƙarin alaƙar sirri. [18]

Taliban[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Taliban ta musanta cewa akwai shirin bayar da kyautar, tare da mai magana da yawun Taliban Zabiullah Mujahid yana mai cewa "kashe-kashen mu da kashe-kashen mu sun ci gaba da faruwa a shekarun da suka gabata, kuma mun yi hakan ne da kanmu" ba tare da taimakon hukumomin leken asiri ba.

Amurka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Gwamnatin Trump[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ƙididdigar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙasa (NSC) a Fadar White House ta Trump a ƙarshen Maris 2020. Jami’an gwamnati sun ce an yi wa manyan jami’an fadar White House bayani kan shirin bayar da kyauta [7] kuma an sanya shirin a cikin Takaitaccen Takaice na Shugaban Kasa a karshen watan Fabrairu. An tattauna batutuwa daban-daban ga Rasha a taron, ciki har da yin rajistar koken diflomasiyya da jerin takunkumi, [2] amma gwamnatin Donald Trump ba ta ba da izini ba. [1] Yayin da wakilin Amurka na musamman kan sasanta Afganistan Zalmay Khalilzad ya ba da shawarar yin tir da Rasha kai tsaye, jami'ai tare da NSC "sun yi watsi da daukar matakin gaggawa". [2] A cikin watannin da suka biyo baya, jami'ai sun ce "an kula da shirin bayar da kyautar a matsayin sirrin sirri". A cikin makon da ya gabata na watan Yuni, an faɗaɗa taƙaitaccen bayani [1] kuma an yiwa gwamnatin Birtaniyya bayani. Su ne kawai memba na haɗin gwiwar da aka sanar da su a hukumance game da bayanan sirri. [2]

Trump da mukarrabansa sun ce ba a yi masa bayani kan bayanan sirrin ba. Darektan leken asiri na ƙasa (DNI) John Ratcliffe da sakataren yada labarai na fadar White House Kayleigh McEnany sun ce Trump bai samu wani takaitaccen bayani kan shirin bayar da kyautar ba. Richard Grenell, wanda ke rike da mukamin DNI har zuwa Mayu 2020, ya ce ba a sanar da shi game da shirin kyautar ba. [2] Trump ya kira shirin bayar da kyautar "Labaran karya" da kuma yaudara, [2] [19] ya kuma rubuta a shafin Twitter cewa jami'an leken asirin Amurka sun ba shi shawarar cewa ba su kai rahoto gare shi ko Mike Pence ba saboda ba su samu sahihanci ba. Jaridar New York Times ta ce "a cikin musun cewa an yi wa Mista Trump bayani, jami'an gudanarwar sun nuna rashin jin dadinsu game da yadda ake ayyana wannan ra'ayi da kuma ko ya hada da bayanan baki da kuma takaitaccen bayanin shugaban kasa." Wasu jami'ai biyu da ke da masaniya kan lamarin sun ce Trump ya samu rubutaccen bayani a cikin takaitaccen bayani na Daily Daily ta shugaban kasar kan leken asirin Rasha a karshen watan Fabrairu; McEnany ya ce Trump "ba a yi masa bayani da kansa kan lamarin ba." [20] An ba da rahoton cewa Trump sau da yawa ba ya karanta Takaitattun Labaran Shugaban Kasa, a maimakon haka yana karbar bayanan baka na lokaci-lokaci. [20] Jami'an leken asiri na yanzu da na tsoffin jami'an leken asiri sun ce ko da a yayin ganawar sirri, Trump "yana da matukar wahala a yi takaitaccen bayani kan lamuran tsaron kasa" kuma "sau da yawa yana dogara a maimakon kafofin yada labarai masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da abokai don samun bayanai." [20]

Mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro Robert O'Brien ya ce "Ma'aikacin CIA na Trump ya yanke shawarar kada ya yi masa bayani saboda bayanan sirri ne da ba a tantance ba" kuma ya lura cewa Amurka na samun bayanan sirri da yawa a kowane mako. McEnany ya ce "Babu wata yarjejeniya tsakanin jami'an leken asirin kan wadannan zarge-zargen kuma a sakamakon haka akwai ra'ayoyin da ba su dace ba daga wasu daga cikin kungiyoyin leken asirin dangane da sahihancin abin da ake yadawa." Kakakin hukumar ta NSC John Ullyot ya ce "ana ci gaba da tantance sahihancin zarge-zargen." Duk da haka, jaridar New York Times, ta ambato jami'ai biyu, ta ruwaito a ranar 29 ga Yuni cewa "bayanin kima na leken asirin cewa sashin na Rasha ya aiwatar da makircin falala kuma ana ganin yana da mahimmanci kuma mai ƙarfi sosai don yaɗa shi gabaɗaya a cikin al'ummomin leken asirin. wani labarin Mayu 4 a cikin Binciken Leken asirin Duniya na CIA."

'Yar majalisar wakilai ta Democrat Elissa Slotkin 'yar Michigan - tsohuwar manazarci ta CIA, ma'aikaciyar Majalisar Tsaro ta kasa, kuma mai ba da bayanan leken asiri - ta ce a cikin kwarewarta a Fadar White House George W. Bush da Obama, wani bayanan sirri kamar yadda aka ruwaito tukuicin da Rasha ke yiwa sojojin Amurka. za a yi la'akari da cewa yana da matukar mahimmanci a raba shi da shugaban ko da akwai sabanin ra'ayi tsakanin leken asirin Amurka. Slotkin ya ce zai zama "damuwa sosai" idan manyan ma'aikata suka kasa kai irin wannan bayanin ga Trump duk da kiran waya biyar da ya yi da Putin kwanan nan. [21] Robert Cardillo, tsohon babban jami'in leken asirin Amurka, da David Priess, tsohon mai ba da bayanai na hukumar leken asiri ta CIA na yau da kullun, kuma marubucin wani littafi kan bayanan bayanan sirri na shugaban kasa, dukkansu sun ce a gwamnatocin da suka gabata, shugabannin "sun sami tantancewa kan batutuwa masu mahimmancin mahimmanci ko da idan suna da ra'ayi daga wasu manazarta ko hukumomi," da kuma cewa irin wannan rashin amincewa an kai ga shugabannin "don taimaka musu fahimtar rashin tabbas da tsarin nazari." Priess ya lura cewa rashin tabbas yana tattare da yanayin hankali. [20]

Shugaban ma'aikatan fadar White House Mark Meadows ya ce mutane za su "daure" saboda rahotannin da ke cewa Rasha ta yi tayin tuhume-tuhume ga mayakan Taliban. Meadows ya ce "Mun san an aikata laifi. . . Duk wanda ya leka wannan – Ba su ma fitar da labarin duka ba. . . Mun kuduri aniyar kaiwa ga gaci, ba mu da wani hankali da zai taimaka wajen bayar da rahoto." Rudy Giuliani, memba na kungiyar lauyoyin Trump, ya kira mai ba da labarin a matsayin "mai zurfin tunani wanda ya aikata babban laifi. . . Ba zan iya tunanin wani laifi mafi muni ba. Ba cin amana ba ne amma ya zo kusa."

A watan Yunin 2020, Mark Milley, shugaban hafsan hafsoshin hafsoshin sojojin, ya shaida wa Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar cewa, duk da cewa ba a sami wata alaka da irin wannan shirin ga Amurkawa da aka kashe ba, Amurka na ci gaba da bincike kuma za ta “dau mataki” idan shirin falala ya tabbata gaskiya ne. Sakataren tsaro Mark Esper ya ce Janar Kenneth McKenzie, kwamandan rundunar Amurka ta tsakiya, da Janar Scott Miller, babban kwamandan sojojin Amurka a Afganistan, ba su yi tunanin "rahotanni sun tabbata ba yayin da aka tona su." [22] McKenzie ya ce bai sami wani "hankali mai haddasawa" a tsakanin bayar da rahoton bayar da rahoton mutuwar sojojin Amurka ba, amma ya ce rahotannin suna da matukar damuwa kuma ya ce rashin hujja "sau da yawa gaskiya ne a leken asirin fagen fama." [22] A watan Satumba na 2020, McKenzie ya ce wanzuwar wata baiwa ta Rasha "ba a tabbatar da matakin da ya gamsar da ni ba" amma sojoji sun ci gaba da neman shaida tare da daukar lamarin "ba batun rufe ba." [23]

Majalisa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Trump bai taba tayar da tuhume-tuhume ba a cikin tattaunawarsa da shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin, [14] yana haifar da suka daga 'yan Democrat da wasu 'yan Republican. [14] Masana harkokin ketare da dama sun ce kamata ya yi gwamnatin Amurka ta gabatar da batun ga gwamnatin Rasha, ko da kuwa babu tabbatacciyar hujja. [13] Shugabar majalisar Nancy Pelosi ta soki Trump, tana mai cewa: "Wannan mummunan abu ne kamar yadda ake samu, kuma duk da haka shugaban ba zai fuskanci Rashawa kan wannan maki ba, ya musanta cewa an yi musu bayani." Pelosi ya yi ishara da shawarwarin da Trump ya bayar na mayar da Rasha cikin G8, inda aka kori Rasha daga cikinta bayan mamaye Crimea a ranar 24 ga Maris, 2014. [2] Pelosi da shugaban marasa rinjaye na Majalisar Dattawa Chuck Schumer sun yi kira da a yi wa dukkan ‘yan majalisar bayani kan lamarin. Fadar White House ta ba da bayani game da matsayinta a watan Yuni 2020 ga gungun 'yan Republican House takwas da ke kawance da gwamnatin. [20] Daga cikin 'yan jam'iyyar Republican, Sanata Lindsey Graham da Wakilai Liz Cheney da Dan Crenshaw sun nuna bacin ransu game da labarin tare da neman bayani, [2] yayin da Wakilin Adam Kinzinger ya yi kira ga Trump da ya dakatar da zargin "yakin inuwa" da Rasha ke yi. [7] Sauran 'yan jam'iyyar Republican sun kare Trump, [24] ciki har da shugaban marasa rinjaye Kevin McCarthy . [25]

A ranar 1 ga Yulin shekarar 2020, Kwamitin Ba da Agajin Gaggawa na Majalisar ya kada kuri'a da gagarumin rinjaye don amincewa da wani gyara don takaita ikon Trump na janye sojojin Amurka daga Afghanistan . Rep. Seth Moulton ya ce: "Yanzu mun sami labarin cewa [Trump] yana yin [yarjejeniya ta zaman lafiya da Taliban] a daidai lokacin da ake samun alheri a kan sojojin Amurka, 'ya'yan Amurka maza da mata. A fili muna bukatar karin sa ido kan abin da shugaban kasar ke yi a Afghanistan."

Gudanar da Biden[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin shekarar 2020, tsohon mataimakin shugaban kasa Joe Biden, yayin da yake yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa, ya soki Trump da kasa "kakaba takunkumi ko dorawa Rasha kowane irin sakamako kan wannan mummunar take hakkin dokokin kasa da kasa" kuma ya ce Trump ya ci gaba da yakin neman zabensa na nuna kunya. da kuma wulakanta kansa a gaban Vladimir Putin." Biden ya ci gaba da bayyana rashin mayar da martanin Trump a matsayin hujjar cewa "dukkanin shugabancin Trump kyauta ce ga Putin" kuma ya yi alkawarin idan aka zabe shi, "Putin zai fuskanci kalubale kuma za mu dora wa Rasha tsada."

A ranar 25 ga Janairun shekarar 2021, kwanaki hudu bayan Biden ya hau kan karagar mulki a matsayin shugaban kasa kuma ya fara samun cikakkun bayanan sirri, ya canza kalaman nasa, yana nufin "rahotanni na alheri." A cikin Afrilun shekarar 2021, gwamnatin ta fitar da wata takarda ta gaskiya tana mai cewa manazarta CIA suna da "ƙananan amincewa da matsakaici" game da wanzuwar shirin kyauta amma suna da "kwarin gwiwa" cewa leken asirin sojan Rasha ya yi aiki tare da cibiyoyin masu aikata laifuka na Afghanistan wanda "ya yi daidai da ƙarfafawar Rasha. hare-haren da ake kaiwa Amurka da dakarun hadin gwiwa a Afghanistan." [13] Leken asirin ya dogara ne akan "bayar da rahoton da aka tsare". Takardar ta ce: "Gwamnatin tana mayar da martani ne kan rahotannin da ke cewa Rasha ta karfafa hare-haren Taliban a kan Amurka da jami'an kawance a Afganistan bisa la'akari mafi kyawu daga Hukumar Leken Asiri. Idan aka yi la’akari da hazakar wannan al’amari, wanda ya shafi tsaro da jin dadin dakarunmu, ana gudanar da shi ta hanyoyin diflomasiyya, da soja da kuma bayanan sirri.” [13] Sakatariyar yada labaran fadar White House, Jen Psaki, ta yi kira ga Rasha da gwamnatin Rasha da su yi bayanin yadda suka kulla a nan. [13]

A cikin Afrilun shekarar 2021, gwamnatin Biden ta sanya takunkumi a kan hukumomi da daidaikun jama'a na Rasha saboda "cika kokarin da gwamnatin Rasha ta yi na yin tasiri a zaɓen shugaban Amurka na shekarar 2020, da sauran ayyukan rashin fahimta da tsoma baki"; don ayyukan Rasha a cikin Crimea, da kuma harin yanar gizo na SolarWinds, [26] amma gwamnati ta yi taka tsantsan don fayyace cewa ba a sanya takunkumin ba don falala. [14]

Wasu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

David B. Rivkin ya rubuta cewa "irin wannan farautar fatar kai zai zama wani abu da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba. Ko a lokacin yakin cacar baka, Tarayyar Soviet da Amurka sun kaurace wa irin wannan aiki, duk da shagaltuwa da shiga cikin yakin neman zabe a gidajen wasan kwaikwayo a duniya." Tsohon Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Amurka Colin Powell ya bayar da hujjar cewa kafafen yada labarai sun yi matukar kaduwa da rahotannin, yana mai cewa "Abin da na sani shi ne kwamandojin sojojinmu da ke kasa ba su yi tunanin cewa hakan babbar matsala ce kamar yadda jaridu ke yadawa ba".

Ra'ayin jama'a na Amurka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Wani kuri'ar jin ra'ayi na Reuters/Ipsos da aka gudanar a watan Yulin shekarar 2020 ya gano cewa kashi 60% na Amurkawa sun ce sun gano shirin bayar da lamuni na Rasha ya kasance "sosai" ko "dan" abin gaskatawa. Kashi 54% na wadanda suka yi zabe sun so sanya karin takunkumi kan Rasha, yayin da kashi 9% ke goyan bayan hare-haren soji a kan Sojojin Rasha, 29% ba su sani ba, kuma "9% na son ci gaba da kokarin inganta dangantaka da Rasha".

Ƙasar Ingila[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An kuma yi wa Firayim Ministan Burtaniya Boris Johnson bayani game da shirin bayar da lamuni. Bai fitar da rahoton kwamitin leken asiri da tsaro na majalisar dokokin kasar ba kan tsoma bakin Rasha a siyasar Burtaniya . Tobias Ellwood, Shugaban Kwamitin Zaɓar Tsaro na Majalisar Wakilai, ya nemi ya gabatar da wata tambaya ta gaggawa a cikin majalisar dokokin game da lamarin, don samun bayani daga wani ministan gwamnati.

Sauran rahotannin shirye-shiryen kyauta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An kuma zargi Iran da bayar da lamuni ga sojojin Amurka daga baya a cikin 2020. Jami’an leken asirin Amurka sun kiyasta cewa Iran (wadda ke yawan amfani da ‘yan amshin shata wajen kai hare-hare a Gabas ta Tsakiya) ta biya wa kungiyar Haqqani kudade da ke da alaka da akalla hare-hare shida na cibiyar sadarwa a shekarar 2019 ciki har da wani sabon harin da aka kai a Bagram Air Base, Afghanistan, Disamba 11, 2019 . [27] Jami'an leken asirin Amurka sun yi nuni da cewa, mai yiwuwa kungiyar Haqqani za ta kai hari kan sojojin Amurka ko da ba tare da biya ba, amma kudaden da ke da alaka da harin na Bagram "watakila ya kara zaburar da manyan hare-hare a nan gaba kan sojojin Amurka da na hadin gwiwa." [27] A cewar CNN, gwamnatin Trump "ba ta taba ambaton alakar Iran da harin bam ba, watsi na yanzu da tsoffin jami'ai da aka ce yana da alaka da babban fifiko" na yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da Amurka da Taliban da kuma ficewa daga Afghanistan . [27] An ambaci alakar da ake zargin Iran da Taliban a matsayin wani bangare na hujjar kisan Qasem Soleimani .

A gefe guda kuma, an samu rahotannin da ba su da tabbas na cewa gwamnatin kasar Sin ta yi tayin bayar da tukuicin biyan kudaden da aka kai wa sojojin Amurka a Afganistan. Ba a fayyace ko wata leken asiri da ta nuna cewa an biya wata kyauta da gaske ko kuma an yi yunkurin kai harin. [28] An ba da rahoton cewa an yi wa shugaban Amurka Donald Trump bayani game da bayanan sirrin da ba a tantance ba, duk da watsi da rahotanni (wanda kwararrun tsaron kasa suka yi la’akari da su) game da tuhume-tuhumen da Rasha ta bayar. [28]

Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • An kashe sojojin Amurka a yakin Afghanistan
  • Takardun Afganistan
  • Takardun yakin Afghanistan sun leka
  • Operation Cyclone

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NYT20200626
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named WaPo20200628
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named lawsuit
  4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NYT20200630
  5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NYT20200701
  6. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named LaPortaAware
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NYT20200628
  8. ↑ Courtney Kube & Ken Dilanian, U.S. commander: Intel still hasn't established Russia paid Taliban 'bounties' to kill U.S. troops, NBC News (September 14, 2020).
  9. ↑ Abigail Williams, Dan De Luce, Carol E. Lee and Andrea Mitchell, U.S., E.U. impose sanctions on Russia over Navalny's poisoning, NBC News (March 2, 2021).
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lara Seligman, Duckworth urges Biden admin to release intel on Russian bounties, Politico (March 1, 2021).
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named yahoo160421
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NSCstatementToNYT
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named DilanianMemoli
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 Charlie Savage, White House Warns Russia on Bounties, but Stops Short of Sanctions, New York Times (April 15, 2021).
  15. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named RussianReaction
  16. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named npr-bounty
  17. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named MashalSchwirtz
  18. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named csm090720
  19. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named hill-twitter
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named nyt-written-feb-russian-bounty
  21. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Cochrane
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named abc-bounty
  23. ↑ Courtney Kube & Ken Dilanian, U.S. commander: Intel still hasn't established Russia paid Taliban 'bounties' to kill U.S. troops, NBC News (September 14, 2020).
  24. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named BriefsRs
  25. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Kaplan
  26. ↑ Alexander Smith, Kristen Welker, Andrea Mitchell and Abigail Williams, Biden calls for de-escalation with Russia following sanctions, proposes meeting with Putin, NBC News (April 15, 2021).
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named IranRpt
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ChinaRpt

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