Fatah

Fatah
Bayanai
Iri	jam'iyyar siyasa
Ƙasa	State of Palestine
Ideology (en)	Palestinian nationalism (en) da secularism (en)
Political alignment (en)	Bangaren hagu
Aiki
Mamba na	Progressive Alliance (mul) da Socialist International (en)
Palestinian Legislative Council 45 / 132
Mulki
Shugaba	Mahmoud Abbas
Sakatare	Jibril Rajoub (en)
Hedkwata	Ramallah
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1959
Wanda ya samar	Yasser Arafat Khalil al-Wazir (en) Adel Abdel Karim Yassin (en) ʻAbd Allāh Dannān (en)
fatehmedia.ps

Fatah, a hukumance Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Falasɗinawa ta Falasdinu ( حركة التحرير الوطني الفلسطيني ), jam'iyyar siyasa ce ta Falasdinu mai kishin ƙasa da zamantakewar demokraɗiyya . Wannan dai shi ne bangaren mafi girma na jam'iyyu masu fafutukar 'yantar da 'yancin Falasdinu (PLO) kuma jam'iyya ta biyu mafi girma a Majalisar Dokokin Falasdinu (PLC). Mahmoud Abbas, shugaban hukumar Falasdinawa, shi ne shugaban ƙungiyar Fatah.

Fatah a tarihi tana da hannu cikin gwagwarmayar makami da ƙasar Isra'ila (da kuma Jordan a lokacin rikicin Black Satumba a 1970-1971) kuma ya ci gaba da riƙe wasu kungiyoyin mayaka, waɗanda suka kai hare-hare kan hare-haren soji da kuma fararen hular Isra'ila, musamman waɗanda suka hada da kisan kiyashin 1978 na gabar teku, kodayake kungiyar ta rabu da yakin basasa, lokacin da Isra'ila ta yi iyakacin kokarinta . kan yankunan Falasdinawa da aka mamaye . A lokacin Intifada na biyu (2000-2005), Fatah ta tsananta rikici da makamai a kan Isra'ila, tare da ɗaukar alhakin kai hare-haren kunar bakin wake . Fatah dai an san shi da shugabancin wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban ƙungiyar Yasser Arafat, har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2004, lokacin da Farouk Kaddoumi bisa tsarin mulkin kasar ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban Fatah kuma ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekara ta 2009, lokacin da aka zaɓi Abbas a matsayin shugaba. Tun bayan rasuwar Arafat, qungiyoyin bangaranci a cikin harkar aqida sun fara bayyana.

A zaɓen shekarar 2006 na PLC, jam'iyyar ta rasa rinjaye a PLC a hannun Hamas . Nasarar majalisar dokokin Hamas ta haifar da rikici tsakanin Fatah da Hamas, tare da Fatah ta ci gaba da riƙe ikon Hukumar Falasdinawa a Yammacin Kogin Jordan ta hannun shugabanta. Har ila yau, Fatah na taka rawa wajen kula da sansanonin 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu .

Etymology

Cikakken sunan wannan yunkuri shi ne Ḥarakat al-Taḥrīr al-Waṭanī l-Filasṭīnī, ma'ana 'Palestine National Liberation Movement'. Daga wannan aka ƙirƙira fassarar fassarar Fatḥ (wanda aka fassara a cikin Ingilishi a matsayin Fatah ), ma'ana 'bude', 'nasara', ko 'nasara'. Ana amfani da kalmar fatḥ a cikin jawabai na addini don ma'anar faɗaɗa Musulunci a ƙarni na farko na tarihin Musulunci - kamar yadda yake cikin Fatḥ al-Shām, 'mallakar da Levant '. Fatḥ yana da ma'ana a addini a matsayin sunan <i id="mwzw">sura</i> ta 48 (babi) na Alqur'ani wanda a cewar manyan malaman tafsirin musulmi ya yi cikakken bayani kan labarin yarjejeniyar Hudaibiyyah . A cikin shekaru biyu na zaman lafiya bayan yarjejeniyar Hudaibiyya, da dama sun musulunta, wanda hakan ya kara wa bangaren musulmi karfi. Sabanin wannan yarjejeniya da kuraishawa suka yi ne ya haifar da mamaye Makka . Arafat ya ba da wannan misali na Musulunci a matsayin hujjar sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Oslo da Isra'ila.

Tarihi

Kafa

Yasser Arafat shine farkon wanda ya kafa Fatah kuma shugabanta har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2004

An kafa ƙungiyar Fatah ne a cikin shekarar 1959 daga membobin Palasdinawa na kasashen waje, musamman ta kwararrun da ke aiki a cikin kasashen Tekun Fasha, musamman Kuwait (sa'an nan mai kare Birtaniyya) inda wadanda suka kafa Salah Khalaf, Khalil al-Wazir, da Yasser Arafat suka zauna. Waɗanda suka kafa sun yi karatu a Alkahira ko Beirut kuma sun kasance 'yan gudun hijira a Gaza . Salah Khalaf da Khalil al-Wazirir jami'an kungiyar 'yan uwa musulmi ne. Arafat ya taba zama shugaban kungiyar daliban Falasdinawa (GUPS) a Jami'ar Alkahira (1952-1956), yayin da wani wanda ya kafa, Khaled Yashruti, sannan dalibi dan shekara 22, shi ne shugaban GUPS a Beirut. Bayan kafuwar, Arafat ya kira Mahmoud Abbas (wanda ke zaune a Qatar, sa'an nan mai kare Birtaniya) ya shiga. Ƙungiyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun Falasɗinawa na yankin Gulf sune tushen Fatah a farkon rayuwarta. Fatah ta ɗauki akidar kishin kasa ta Falasdinu wadda larabawan Falasdinawa za su sami 'yanci ta hanyar ayyukansu.

Nan da nan bayan kafa ƙungiyar an fara amfani da sunan ƙungiyar a Falastinuna wadda ita ce cibiyar yada labarai ta Fatah.

1967-1993

Fatah ta zama mai ƙarfi a siyasar Falasdinu bayan yaƙin kwanaki shida a shekarar 1967.

Fatah ya shiga kungiyar 'yantar da Falasdinu (PLO) a cikin 1967, kuma an kasafta kujeru 33 cikin 105 a cikin kwamitin gudanarwa na PLO . Arafat na Fatah ya zama Shugaban PLO a 1969, bayan da Yahya Hammuda ya ba shi mukamin. A cewar BBC, Arafat ya zama shugaban kwamitin zartarwa na PLO a shekara ta 1969, a shekarar da aka ce Fatah ta kai hare- hare 2,432 kan Isra'ila.

Yakin Karameh

Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi artabu a Karameh

A cikin 1968, Fatah da sauran ƙungiyoyin Falasdinawa masu dauke da makamai sun kasance wani babban hari da dakarun tsaron Isra'ila (IDF) suka kai a ƙauyen Karameh na Jordan, inda hedkwatar Fatah. – da kuma sansanin 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu masu matsakaicin girma – sun kasance. Sunan garin shi ne kalmar larabci don daukaka, wanda ya daga darajarsa ga al'ummar Larabawa, musamman bayan shan kayen da Larabawa suka yi a shekarar 1967. Wannan farmakin ya kasance martani ne ga hare-haren da ake kai wa Isra'ila, ciki har da hare-haren rokoki daga Fatah da sauran mayakan Falasdinawa a yammacin gabar kogin Jordan da ta mamaye. An samu ilimin aikin tun kafin lokaci, kuma gwamnatin Jordan (da kuma wasu kwamandojin Fatah) sun sanar da Arafat game da manyan shirye-shiryen soji na Isra'ila. Da jin wannan labari, kungiyoyin 'yan daba da dama a yankin da suka hada da sabuwar kungiyar George Habash da aka kafa ta Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) da Nayef Hawatmeh mai fafutukar neman 'yancin Falasdinu (DFLP), sun janye sojojinsu daga garin. Wani kwamandan sashin da ke goyon bayan Fatah na Jordan ya shawarci shugabannin Fatah da su janye mutanensu da hedkwatarsu zuwa tsaunukan da ke kusa, amma bisa umarnin Arafat, Fatah sun ci gaba da zama, kuma Sojojin Jordan sun amince su mara musu baya idan aka gwabza kazamin fada.

A daren ranar 21 ga Maris, IDF ta kai hari Karameh da manyan makamai, motoci masu sulke da jiragen yaki. Fatah ta rike matsayinta, tana mamakin sojojin Isra'ila. A yayin da sojojin Isra'ila suka tsananta yakin da suke yi, sojojin Jordan sun shiga hannu, lamarin da ya sa Isra'ilawa ja da baya domin kaucewa barkewar yakin. A ƙarshen yakin, an kashe mayakan Fatah kusan 150, da kuma sojojin Jordan 28 da sojojin Isra'ila ashirin da takwas. Duk da yawan mutuwar Larabawa, Fatah sun ɗauki kansu a matsayin masu nasara saboda saurin janyewar sojojin Isra'ila.

Black Satumba

In A ƙarshen shekarun 1960, rikici tsakanin Palasdinawa da gwamnatin Jordan ya karu matuka; Ƙungiyoyin juriya na Larabawa masu ɗauke da makamai sun haifar da "kasa a cikin ƙasa" a cikin Jordan, wanda a ƙarshe ya mallaki wurare masu mahimmanci a wannan ƙasa. Bayan nasarar da suka samu a yakin Karameh, Fatah da sauran mayakan Falasdinawa sun fara mamaye harkokin rayuwar jama'a a Jordan. Sun kafa shingayen hanya, sun wulakanta jami'an 'yan sandan Jordan a bainar jama'a, suna lalata da mata da kuma karɓar harajin da ba bisa ƙa'ida ba - wanda Arafat ya amince ko ya yi watsi da su

A cikin shekarar 1970, gwamnatin Jordan ta koma don dawo da ikon yankinta, kuma washegari. Sarki Hussein ya ayyana dokar ta A ranar 25 ga Satumba, sojojin Jordan sun sami galaba a yaƙin, kuma bayan kwana biyu Arafat da Hussein sun amince da tsagaita wuta. Sojojin Jordan sun yi mummunar ɓarna kan Falasdinawa - ciki har da fararen hula - wadanda suka yi asarar kusan 3,500. Mayakan Fatah dubu biyu ne suka yi nasarar shiga Syria . Sun tsallaka kan iyakar kasar ta Labanon ne domin hada kai da dakarun Fatah a kasar, inda suka kafa sabuwar hedikwatarsu. Wani babban gungun mayakan sa-kai ƙarƙashin jagorancin kwamandan yankin Fatah Abu Ali Iyad ne suka kaddamar da farmakin da sojojin Jordan suka kai a garin Ajlun da ke arewacin kasar har zuwa lokacin da aka fatattake su a watan Yulin shekarar 1971. An kashe Abu Ali Iyad tare da sauran dakarunsa da suka tsira suka kafa ƙungiyar ta Black September Organisation, ƙungiyar Fatah ta balle. A watan Nuwamban 1971, kungiyar ta kashe firaministan kasar Jordan Wasfi al-Tal a matsayin ramuwar gayya ga hukuncin kisa na Abu Ali Iyad.

A shekarun 1960 da 1970, Fatah ta ba da horo ga ƙungiyoyin 'yan tada kayar baya na Turai, Gabas ta Tsakiya, Asiya, da Afirka da dama, tare da kai hare-hare da dama kan wuraren da Isra'ila ke hari a yammacin Turai da Gabas ta Tsakiya a cikin shekarun 1970s. Wasu ƙungiyoyin 'yan ta'addan da ke da alaka da Fatah, da wasu daga cikin ' yan ta'addar a cikin Fatah da kanta, sun kai hare-haren satar jiragen sama na farar hula da hare-haren ta'addanci, inda suka danganta su ga Black September, Majalisar Fatah-Revolutionary Council Abu Nidal, kungiyar Abu Musa, PFLP, da PFLP-GC. Fatah ta samu makamai da bama-bamai da horo daga Tarayyar Soviet da wasu daga cikin jahohin gurguzu na Gabashin Turai . Kasashen Sin da Aljeriya su ma sun ba da kayan yaki. , Fatah ya taimaka wa Uganda a lokacin Yaƙin Uganda-Tanzaniya . Mambobin ƙungiyar sun yi yaki tare da sojojin Uganda da na Libya da sojojin kasar Tanzaniya a lokacin yakin Lukaya da faduwar Kampala, amma daga ƙarshe aka tilasta musu ja da baya daga kasar.

Lebanon

Yaƙin basasa na Lebanon ya kasance daga 1975 zuwa 1990. Ko da yake da farko sun yi shakkar shiga cikin rikicin, Arafat da Fatah sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a yakin basasa na Labanon . Da yake mika wuya ga matsin lamba daga wasu ƙananan ƙungiyoyi na PLO kamar PFLP, DFLP da PLF, Fatah ta hada kai da 'yan gurguzu da Nasserist Lebanon National Movement (LNM). Ko da yake tun asali yana da alaƙa da Fatah, shugaban Syria Hafez al-Assad na fargabar a rasa wani tasiri a Lebanon tare da sauya sheka. Ya aike da sojojinsa tare da kungiyoyin Falasdinawa na As-Sa’iqa da Syria ke marawa baya da kuma Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command (PFLP-GC) karkashin jagorancin Ahmad Jibril domin su yi yaki tare da dakarun Kirista da PLO da LNM. Babban bangaren mayakan kiristoci shine Maronite Phalangists .

Sojojin Phalangist sun kashe masu horar da Fatah ashirin da shida a cikin wata motar safa a cikin watan Afrilun shekarar 1975, wanda ke nuna a hukumance fara yakin basasar Lebanon na tsawon shekaru 15. A cikin wannan shekarar, kawancen mayakan sa-kai na Kirista sun mamaye sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Falasdinawa na Karantina inda suka kashe fararen hula sama da 1,000. PLO da LNM sun yi ramuwar gayya ta hanyar kai hari a garin Damour, mai fafutuka da Tigers masu 'yanci ( Numūr al-Aḥrar ) inda aka kashe fararen hula 684. Yayin da yakin basasa ya ci gaba sama da shekaru 2 na yakin birane, bangarorin biyu sun yi amfani da manyan makamai masu linzami da kuma yin amfani da gidaje masu yawa na sari-ka-noke, yayin da bangarorin biyu suka aikata ta'asa da laifukan yaki.

A shekara ta 1976, tare da taimakon tsare-tsare da tsare-tsare daga Sojojin Lebanon, kawancen mayakan sa-kai na Kirista, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Jam'iyyar Liberal Party ta National Liberal Party na reshen tsagerun tsohon shugaban ƙasar Camille Chamoun, Free Tigers, sun ɗauki wani muhimmin sansanin 'yan gudun hijira a Gabashin Beirut, sansanin Tel al-Zaatar, bayan kisan gillar da aka yi wa al-Zaatar na tsawon watanni shida, wanda kuma aka fi sani da al-Zaatar a Tel-Zaatar . Arafat da Abu Jihad sun zargi kansu da rashin nasarar shirya wani aikin ceto.

Hare-haren wuce gona da iri na PLO kan Isra'ila ya dan yi girma a ƙarshen shekarun 1970. Daya daga wanda aka fi sani da kisan kiyashin titin Coastal – Ya faru ne a ranar 11 ga Maris 1978. Dakarun mayakan Fatah kusan goma sha biyu ne suka sauka da kwale-kwalen su a kusa da wata babbar hanyar gabar teku da ta hada birnin Haifa da Tel Aviv-Yafo . A can ne suka yi awon gaba da wata motar safa tare da yin harbe-harbe a ciki da kuma kan motocin da ke wucewa, inda suka kashe fararen hula talatin da bakwai. A mayar da martani, IDF ta kaddamar da Operation Litani bayan kwanaki uku, da nufin karbe ikon Kudancin Lebanon har zuwa kogin Litani . Dakarun tsaron sun cimma wannan buri, kuma Fatah sun janye zuwa arewa zuwa Beirut.

Isra'ila ta sake mamaye Labanon a shekara ta 1982. Ba da da ewa ba sojojin IDF suka kewaye birnin Beirut tare da kai musu hari; don kawo karshen kewayen, gwamnatocin Amurka da na Turai sun kulla yarjejeniya da ke tabbatar da tsaro ga Arafat da Fatah. – dakarun kasa da kasa ke gadinsu – don gudun hijira a Tunis . Duk da gudun hijirar, kwamandoji da mayakan Fatah da dama sun kasance a Labanon, kuma sun fuskanci yakin sansanonin a shekarun 1980 a yakin da suke da ƙungiyar Shi'a Amal da ma alaka da rikicin cikin gida a tsakanin ɓangarorin Palasdinawa.

Bayan 1993

Yitzhak Rabin, Bill Clinton, da Yasser Arafat a lokacin bikin rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Oslo a Fadar White House a ranar 13 ga Satumba 1993

Shugaban Fatah Mahmoud Abbas tare da Shugaban Amurka Joe Biden a Fadar Shugaban Falasdinawa a Bethlehem a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2022

Zaben shugaban ƙasa da na ƴan majalisa

A cikin 1993-1995 Oslo Accords, Fatah, a matsayin wani ɓangare na PLO, ya yi wasu yarjejeniyoyin wucin gadi da Isra'ila, ciki har da amincewa da Isra'ila ta PLO. Har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2004, Arafat ya jagoranci Hukumar Falasɗinawa ta Falasɗinawa, ƙungiyar wucin gadi da aka kirkira a sakamakon waɗannan yarjejeniyar Oslo. Jim kadan bayan rasuwar Arafat, aka zabi Faruq al-Qaddumi a kan mukamin.

Fatah ta zaɓi Mahmoud Abbas a zaɓen shugaban ƙasar Falasdinu a shekara ta 2005 .

A cikin shekarar 2005, Hamas ta yi nasara a kusan dukkanin gundumomin da ta yi takara . Wani mai sharhi kan harkokin siyasa Salah Abdel-Shafi ya shaida wa BBC irin wahalhalun da shugabancin Fatah ke fuskanta: "Ina ganin abu ne mai matukar tsanani. – ya zamana a fili cewa ba za su iya cimma matsaya kan komai ba.” Ana ganin Fatah “yana matukar bukatar gyara,” kamar yadda “Ayyukan PA din ya kasance labarin cin hanci da rashawa da gazawa. – kuma Fatah ta kasance gurbatattu.”

Rikicin cikin gida

A cikin watan Disamba na shekarar 2005, shugaban Intifada da aka daure Marwan Barghouti ya balle daga jam'iyyar kuma ya sanar da cewa ya kafa sabon jerin sunayen siyasa don tsayawa takara a zaben da ake kira al-Mustaqbal ('The Future'), wanda ya kunshi 'yan ƙungiyar "Young Guard" na Fatah. Waɗannan shugabanin matasa sun sha bayyana bacin ransu da cin hanci da rashawa da ya dabaibaye jam'iyyar, wanda ke karkashin jagorancin "Old Guard" da suka dawo daga gudun hijira a Tunisiya bayan yarjejeniyar Oslo. Al-Mustaqbal zai yi yakin neman zabe da Fatah a zaben majalisar dokokin Falasdinu na 2006, inda ya gabatar da jerin sunayen Mohammed Dahlan, Kadoura Fares, Samir Mashharawi da Jibril Rajoub . Ko da yake, a ranar 28 ga Disamba 2005, shugabannin ƙungiyoyin biyu sun amince su gabatar da jerin sunayen guda ɗaya ga masu jefa ƙuri'a, wanda Barghouti ke jagoranta, wanda ya fara fafutukar neman Fatah daga gidan yari.

Akwai wasu maganganu masu yawa na rashin jin daɗi a cikin Fatah, wanda ke gudanar da babban taronta na farko cikin shekaru ashirin. Saboda haka, wannan yunkuri ya kasance mafi rinjaye a hannun tsofaffin 'yan siyasa daga zamanin kafin Oslo na siyasar Falasdinu. Da yawa daga cikinsu sun sami mukamansu ne ta hannun ubangidan Arafat, wanda ya daidaita sama da bangarori daban-daban, kuma zamanin bayan rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2004 ya samu ƙaruwar tashe-tashen hankula a tsakanin waɗannan kungiyoyi, waɗanda ke yin raha don yin tasiri a kan ci gaban nan gaba, tsarin siyasa, kudade, da kuma mazabu. Akwai damuwa kan gadon mulki da zarar Abbas ya bar mulki.

Yankunan Falasdinawa a cikin Mayu 2023 ( Yankin A da B a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Oslo II ). Yankin A (rawaya mai haske) ana gudanar da shi ne kawai daga Hukumar Falesdinu da ke ƙarƙashin ikon Fatah.

Tun a shekarun 1980 ba a samu baraka a fili tsakanin tsofaffin 'yan siyasar Fatah ba, ko da yake ana samun sabani lokaci-lokaci tsakanin mambobin manyan shugabannin. Wani mamba Faruq al-Qaddumi (Abu Lutf), ya fito fili ya nuna adawa da shirye-shiryen bayan Oslo kuma ya jagoranci yakin neman wani matsayi mai tsauri daga gudun hijira a Tunis, har zuwa mutuwarsa a 2024. A wasu lokuta ya kan kalubalanci halascin Abbas da kakkausar suka da shi da Mohammed Dahlan, amma duk da barazanar wargaza kungiyar, ya ci gaba da kasancewa a matsayinsa, kuma kalubalen da yake fuskanta ya zuwa yanzu ba su da wani tasiri. Wani tsohon soja mai fada a ji, Hani al-Hassan, shi ma ya fito fili ya soki shugabancin da ke yanzu.

Rikicin cikin gida na Fatah kuma, saboda ƙirƙirar Hukumar Falasɗinawa, ya haɗu da yaƙin turf tsakanin hukumomin tsaro na PA daban-daban, misali, doguwar hamayya tsakanin Yammacin Kogin Jordan ( Jibril Rajoub ) da Gaza (Muhammad Dahlan) rassan ma'aikatar Tsaro mai ƙarfi. Taimakon kasashen waje ga bangarori daban-daban na taimakawa wajen haifar da rikici, alal misali, ana ganin Amurka a matsayin mai goyon bayan jagorancin Abbas gaba daya da kuma tasirin Dahlan a fannin tsaro, kuma Syria ta yi zargin inganta kalubalen al-Qaddumi ga shugabancin yanzu. Matasa na Fatah, musamman a cikin Brigades na Shahidai na al-Aqsa, sun fi fuskantar rarrabuwar kawuna, kuma wasu ƙananan cibiyoyin sadarwa a Gaza da Yammacin Kogin Jordan sun kafa kansu a matsayin ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ko kuma sun shiga Hamas. Sai dai kuma har yanzu irin wannan tsagaita bude wuta da ƙungiyar ta kasance ba a saba gani ba, duk da fafatawa da dama a ciki da kuma tsakanin kungiyoyin Fatah na cikin gida.

2009: Babban Taro na Shida

An fara babban taro na shida na kungiyar Fatah a ranar 4 ga Agusta 2009 a Bethlehem, kusan shekaru 16 bayan yarjejeniyar Oslo I da kuma shekaru 20 tun lokacin babban taron Fatah na ƙarshe, bayan an dage shi akai-akai kan rikice-rikicen da suka hada da wakilci zuwa wurin taron. Sama da wakilai suka halarci taron, yayin da wasu 400 daga zirin Gaza suka kasa halartar taron bayan da Hamas ta hana su tafiya zuwa gabar yammacin kogin Jordan .

Rikicin cikin gida ya bayyana nan da nan. Sarkin Saudiyya Abdallah ya shaidawa mahalarta taron cewa rarrabuwar kawuna a tsakanin Falasdinawa ya fi yin illa ga manufarsu ta samun 'yancin "makiyin Isra'ila".

Wakilai sun yanke shawarar cewa ba za su ci gaba da tattaunawar zaman lafiya tsakanin Isra'ila da Falasdinu ba har sai an cika sharudda 14. Daga cikin wadannan sharudda har da sakin dukkan fursunonin Falasdinu da ke hannun Isra'ila, da dakatar da duk wasu gine-ginen matsugunan Isra'ila, da kuma kawo karshen killace Gaza .

Ta hanyar tabbatar da zaɓinta na "juriya da makami" kan Isra'ila, Fatah ta yi kira ga Falasdinawa da ke son mayar da martani mai tsauri ga Isra'ila.

Mataimakin ministan harkokin wajen Isra'ila, Danny Ayalon, ya ce taron "mummunan rauni ne ga zaman lafiya" kuma "wani wata dama ce da aka bata ga shugabannin Falasdinu na daukar ra'ayoyi masu sassaucin ra'ayi."

Zaben kwamitin tsakiya da majalisar juyin juya hali

A ranar 9 ga Agusta, 2009, an zaɓi sabbin membobin kwamitin tsakiya na Fatah da Majalisar juyin juya hali. Wakilai sun kada kuri'a don cike kujeru 18 na kwamitin tsakiya mai kujeru 23, da kujeru 81 a majalisar juyin juya hali mai kujeru 128 bayan shafe mako guda ana tattaunawa. Akalla sabbin mambobi 70 ne suka shiga na karshen, tare da kujeru 20 na wakilan Fatah daga zirin Gaza, kujeru 11 da mata suka cika (mafi yawan kuri'u ya tafi ga wata mace daya da ta shafe shekaru a gidan yari na Isra'ila saboda rawar da ta taka a tsayin daka), kujeru hudu sun tafi Kirista, kuma daya ta cika da wani Bayahude haifaffen Musulunci, Uri Davis, wanda aka zaba na farko yahudawa zuwa juyin juya halin Musulunci 1. Masu fafutukar Fatah daga ƙasashen Palasdinawa suma sun samu wakilcin kuma sun hada da Samir Rifai, sakataren Fatah a Syria, da Khaled Abu Usba.

Zanga-zangar nuna goyon baya ga Fatah a birnin Gaza a watan Janairun 2013

An zabi Fadwa Barghouti a majalisar tsakiyar kasar Fadwa Barghouti, matar Marwan Barghouti wanda ke zaman daurin rai da rai a Isra'ila saboda rawar da ya taka a hare-haren ta'addanci kan fararen hula a Isra'ila a lokacin Intifada na biyu .

Tsarin sulhu da Hamas

An gudanar da taron majalisar juyin juya halin Musulunci a Ramallah daga ranar 18 zuwa 19 ga watan Oktoban 2014. An tattauna muhimman tambayoyi da dama da suka hada da sasantawa da Hamas. An raba ra'ayi kan batun.

2016: Majalisa ta bakwai

A cikin watan Disamba na shekarar 2016, fiye da mambobi 1400 na Majalisar Fatah ta 7 sun zaɓi mambobi 18 na kwamitin tsakiya da kuma 80 a matsayin majalisar juyin juya hali. An kara sabbin mambobi shida cikin kwamitin tsakiya yayin da aka sake zaɓen 12. Mambobin da suka fice sun haɗa da Nabil Shaath, Nabil Abu Rudeineh, Zakaria al-Agha da Tayib Abdul Rahim.

An kashe shugabanta Abu Ashraf Al-Armoushi da abokansa a unguwar Al-Basateen da ke sansanin Ain Al-Helweh a ranar 30 ga Yuli 2023 yayin fada.

Akida

Fatah yana da matsayin memba a Socialist International da matsayin mai kallo a cikin Jam'iyyar Socialists ta Turai .

Mujallar Filastinuna Nida al-Hayat ta Fatah a watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1959 ta yi nuni da cewa matsayin Palasdinawa 'yan gudun hijira a kasashen Larabawa ne ya sa wannan yunkuri ya kasance:

Matasan bala'i ( shibab al-nakba ) sun tarwatse... Rayuwa a cikin tanti ta zama bakin ciki kamar mutuwa... [T] ka mutu ga kasarmu masoyiyar kasarmu ta fi rayuwa da daraja, wadda ta tilasta mana cin abincinmu na yau da kullun a karkashin wulakanci ko karban sadaka a kan darajarmu ... Mu 'ya'yan bala'i, wanda ba zai zama dattin rayuwa ba, wannan rayuwa ba za ta lalace ba. rayuwarmu ta al'adu da ɗabi'a da siyasa sun lalata mana mutuncin ɗan adam.

Gwagwarmayar makami – kamar yadda ya bayyana a cikin 1936-39 tawayen Larabawa a Palastinu da kuma matsayin soja na mayakan Palasdinawa karkashin jagorancin Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni a yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila a 1948. – ya kasance jigon akidar Fatah ta farko ta yadda za ta 'yantar da Falasdinu.

Tsarin

Hukumomin Fatah guda biyu mafi muhimmanci da suka yanke shawara su ne kwamitin tsakiya da majalisar juyin juya hali. Kwamitin tsakiya dai shi ne kwamitin zartarwa, yayin da majalisar juyin juya hali kuma ita ce majalisar dokokin Fatah.

Bangarorin da ke dauke da makamai

Fatah dai na rike da ƙungiyoyi da dama tun kafuwarta. Babban reshensa na soja shine al-'Asifah . An yi la'akari da cewa Fatah yana da hannu sosai a ta'addanci a baya, ko da yake sabanin bangaren Hamas masu kishin Islama, ko wace gwamnati ba a ganin Fatah a matsayin kungiyar ta'addanci. Fatah ya kasance a matsayin dan ta'adda a karkashin dokokin Isra'ila kuma Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka da Majalisar Dokokin Amurka suna daukar ta'addanci har sai da ta yi watsi da ta'addanci a 1988.

Fatah dai tun kafuwarta, ta ƙirƙiri ko jagoranci ko kuma ɗaukar nauyin ƙungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai, wasu daga cikinsu suna da wani jami'i a matsayin reshen ƙungiyar, wasu kuma ba a san su a fili ko ma cikin gida ba. Kungiyar ta kuma mamaye dakaru daban-daban na PLO da dakarun gwamnatin Falasdinu da jami'an tsaro wadanda ba su da alaka da Fatah a hukumance, amma a aikace sun kasance runfunan da ke goyon bayan Fatah gaba daya, kuma mambobin kungiyar ne ke da ma'aikata. Asalin sunan reshen Fatah da ke dauke da makamai shi ne al-'Asifah ('The Storm'), kuma wannan shi ne sunan da Fatah ta fara amfani da shi a cikin sanarwarta, na dan wani lokaci don boye sunan ta. Tun daga wannan lokacin ana amfani da wannan sunan gabaɗaya ga dakarun Fatah, kuma bai dace da rukunin guda ɗaya a yau ba. Sauran kungiyoyin da ke da alaka da Fatah sun hada da:

• Force 17, wanda ya taka rawar gani da rundunar tsaron shugaban kasa ga manyan shugabannin Fatah. Arafat ne .
• Black September Organisation, ƙungiyar da aka kafa ta manyan membobin Fatah a cikin 1971, biyo bayan abubuwan da suka faru na Black Satumba a Jordan, don shirya hare-haren ɓoye wanda Fatah ba ta so a bayyana su a fili. Waɗannan sun hada da yajin aikin da aka yi kan manyan ‘yan siyasar kasar Jordan a matsayin hanyar daukar fansa da kuma kara farashin kai wa yunkurin Palastinu hari; da kuma, mafi yawan cece-kuce, don "ayyukan kasa da kasa" (misali kisan gillar Olympics na Munich ), da nufin sanya matsin lamba kan Amurka, Turai da Isra'ila, don tada hangen nesa na Palasdinawa da kuma tayar da abokan hamayya kamar PFLP . Fatah dai ta fito fili ta ware kanta daga ƙungiyar, amma ana kyautata zaton tana jin dadin goyon bayan Arafat kai tsaye ko kuma ta hanyar da ta dace. An dakatar da shi a cikin 1973-1974, yayin da tsarin siyasar Fatah ya sake komawa baya, kuma ana ganin ayyukan Black September da dabarun da ke bayan su sun zama abin alhaki na siyasa, maimakon wata kadara.
• Fatah Hawks, 'yan bindiga masu dauke da makamai suna aiki musamman har zuwa tsakiyar 1990s.
• Tanzim, reshe na Fatah karkashin jagorancin Marwan Barghouti, mai tushe a cikin gwagwarmayar Intifada ta farko, wadda ta kai hare-hare da makamai a farkon Intifada na biyu. Daga baya sojojin shahidai na al-Aqsa suka mamaye ko kuma suka koma gefe.
• Brigades na Shahidai na Al-Aqsa, wanda aka kirkira a lokacin Intifada na biyu don karfafa tsagerun kungiyar da ke da alaka da kungiyar Hamas mai adawa, wacce ta jagoranci kai hare-hare a kan Isra'ila bayan 1993, kuma tana samun karbuwa cikin sauri da farin jini bayan zuwan Intifada. Brigades dai na cikin gida ne kuma an ce suna fama da rashin hadin kai da tarbiya a cikin gida, a wasu lokutan kuma suna yin watsi da tsagaita bude wuta da sauran tsare-tsare da shugabannin kungiyar Fatah ta tsakiya suka sanar. Gabaɗaya ana ganin su suna daure da “matasan masu gadi” na siyasar Fatah, suna shirya matasa a matakin titi, amma ba a bayyana cewa sun kafa ƙungiya a cikin su cikin siyasar Fatah ba; a maimakon haka, ƙungiyoyin Brigades daban-daban na iya ɗaure su da shugabannin ƙungiyoyin Fatah daban-daban.

A lokacin Intifada na Biyu, kungiyar ta kasance memba ce ta sojojin kasa da na Musulunci ta Falasdinu .

Tsarin Mulki

A watan Agustan 2009, a babban taron Fatah na shida a Baitalami, wakilan Fatah sun tsara sabuwar "yarjejeniya ta cikin gida".

Ayyukan zaɓe

Zaben shugaban kasa

shekarar zabe	Dan takara(s)	Ƙuri'u	%	Sakamako
1996	Yasir Arafat	643,079	89.82	Nasara
2005	Mahmud Abbas	501,448	67.38	Nasara

Majalisar dokoki

Zabe	Babban dan takara	Ƙuri'u	%	Kujeru	+/-	Matsayi
1996	Yasir Arafat	1,085,593	30.90	<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:; width: 56px; height: 1.5em;"> 50 / 88	Sabo	1st
2006	Faruq al-Qaddumi	410,554	41.43	<div style="display: inherit; position: absolute; background-color:; width: 34px; height: 1.5em;"> 45 / 132	5	Na biyu

Duba kuma

• Rikicin Isra'ila da Falasdinu
• Jerin membobin Fatah
• Jerin jam'iyyun siyasa a hukumar mulkin Falasdinu
• Rikicin siyasar Falasdinawa

Littafi Mai Tsarki

• Baumgarten, Helga (2005). "The three faces/phases of Palestinian nationalism, 1948–2005". Journal of Palestine Studies. 34 (4): 25–48. doi:10.1525/jps.2005.34.4.25.
• Haghshenas, Seyyed Ali, "Social and political structure of Lebanon and its influence on [the] appearance of [the] Amal Movement", Tehran, Iran, 2009.

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

• Official website
• Former website (archived)
• Fatah's Constitution
• (in Larabci) Al-Krama Newspaper (Fatah's PR Office)
• Definition of Fatah Archived 2017-10-12 at the Wayback Machine Archived 12 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine
• Interview on Radio France International with Fatah Central Committee member Abdallah Al Frangi Archived 8 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine
• Collection of over 300 Fatah posters
• Attacks attributed to FATAH on the START terrorism database