Hadjé Halimé
 Hadjé Halimé | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa |
Salamat Region (en)  , 1930 |
| Mutuwa | Ndjamena, 7 ga Janairu, 2001 |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a | ɗan siyasa |
| Imani | |
| Jam'iyar siyasa |
Chadian Progressive Party (en) |
Hadjé Halimé Oumar (a shekarar 1930-2001) ta kasan ce 'yar ƙasar Chadi ce, mace mai himma, ilimi, kuma kasan cewar ta a siyasa.[1][2]
Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An haifi Halimé a garin Salamat a cikin shekarar 1930 ga uwa daga Salamat da uba daga Abeche. Ta shiga cikin kungiyar Parti Progressiste Tchadien (PPT) a shekarar 1950 yayin da take aiki a matsayin malamin kur’ani. Ta sami damar shigo da karin mata wadanda ba su iya Faransanci ba saboda saninta da Larabcin Chadi.[3] A lokacin tana da iyakantaccen fahimtar Faransanci.
Siyasa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ta kasance kusa da Gabriel Lisette, wanda ya kafa jam'iyyar, da matarsa, Lisette Yéyon. Ta zama mai daukar nauyin matan Arewa bayan Babban Taron 2 ga watan Afrilu 1950. Halimé ya yi kakkausar suka ga harajin gudanar da mulkin mallaka, kuma ya bayyana cewa idan PPT ta sami nasara, za a soke harajin zabe ga kowa duk da dandalin da ke kira da a kawo karshen harajin kan mata kawai. Ta bayyana cewa "an kame mata ne lokacin da suka isa kasuwa ko kuma ko'ina. An bar su a rana har sai sun biya harajin wanda ya kasance riyal 370 ga kowane mutum.” Ta bayyana cewa Lisette ita ce shugabar jam'iyyar da ba ta da ce-ce-ku-ce, duk da hawan dan siyasan Kudancin Chadi François Tombalbaye, kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Faransa a kan bukatar Lisette ta hadu da dan siyasar Faransa Rene Coty.
Koyaya, a cikin 1959 da 1960 Tombalbaye ya sami iko kuma an cire Lisette daga mulki. Halimé ta zama makasudin danniya jim kadan bayan samun 'yanci, ba kamar abokiyar aikinta ta PPT ba Kalthouma Nguembang. A wani ɓangare na kawar da waɗanda ke kusa da Lisette, an kashe ɗa ɗaya tilo na Halimé, kuma an kama ta a watan Satumba na shekarar 1963. Da farko, an dauke ta zuwa Massenya da ke Yankin Chari-Baguirmi, sannan aka kai ta wani babban gidan yari a babban birnin N'Djamena na Chadi, daga karshe kuma aka kai ta wani kurkukun da ke fargaba a Kela. A gidan yarin Kela, a kai a kai azabtar da ita daga masu gadi ta hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki yayin da jami'an sojan Faransa da na Isra'ila ke sa ido. Azabtar da ita ya haifar mata da rasa farcen hannunta da gashi. Duk da cewa Tombalbaye yana so a kashe Halimé, amma wani jami'in Faransa ya kare rayuwarta. A cikin wata hira, ta bayyana cewa imanin ta ne kaɗai ke iya jure ta cikin mawuyacin hali na azabtarwa. A shekarar ƙarshe an sake ta a ranar 28 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 1975, kwanaki bayan hamɓarar da Tombalbaye da mulkinsa. A cikin mutane 600 da aka ɗaure a lokacin wannan tsarkakewar, tana ɗaya daga cikin mutane 45 da suka rayu.
Lisette, wacce aka yi mata ƙaura a Faransa, ta taimaka aka kawo ta Paris don karɓar magani. Halimé ta kwashe lokaci a wani asibiti a Cote d'Ivoire, inda shugaban ƙasar Felix Houphouet-Boigny ya ba da umarnin cewa a ba ta kulawar likita kyauta. Daga baya ta shiga National Liberation Front of Chadi ko kuma FROLINAT, wacce ke da cibiya a Libya. A shekarar 1978, ta koma Tripoli ta dawo siyasa. 'Yan kungiyar FROLINAT sun yi mata lakabi da "uwar juyin juya hali", kuma jam'iyyar ta kwace mulki a shekarar 1979. Ta kuma fara koyar da yara mata a Libya tare da kafa makarantar Islamiyya, mai suna Rising New Generation, inda ta koyar da addini, da tattalin gida, da kula da yara. Ta koyar da yara mata sama da 3600 a makarantar a lokacin shekarunta a can.
Ta koma N'Djamena a shekarar 1980 tare da Mashahurin Shugaban Sojojin Sama (FAP) Goukouni Oueddei. Ita ce lokacin shugabar kungiyar mata ta FROLINAT. Bayan zaben Hissène Habré a 1982, ta tafi tare da dakaru masu biyayya ga Oueddeï a Libya. Yayin da yake Libiya, Halimé ya koyar da matan Chadi da ke gudun hijira dabarun soja. Ta koma Chadi ne a 1991, shekara guda bayan kifar da mulkin Habré da Idriss Déby yayi. Mutane da yawa sun gaya wa Deby cewa za su goyi bayan sa kawai idan ya sami goyon bayan Halimé, wanda daga ƙarshe ta yi hakan. Jim kadan da dawowar ta, ta sami nasarar shiga majalisar dokokin Chadi kuma ta yi aiki a can har zuwa 1996.
A shekarar 1993, ta halarci Taron Sarauta na Kasa (CNS), kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin majiƙancin kare harshen Larabci. A shekarar 1994, ta kirkiri wata kungiya mai suna Women Az-Zara. A madadin kungiyar, an zabe ta a tsakanin mata ‘yan takara goma don zama memba na Babban Majalisar Canjin, ta zauna tsawon shekaru hudu. A watan Yunin 1996, ta yi takarar dan majalisar dokoki a matsayin mamba na jam'iyyar adawa ta National Front of Chadi, saboda ba shi yiwuwa a yi takara a matsayin mai zaman kanta. An kayar da ita amma ta ci gaba da magudin zaben. Bayan haka Halimé ta kula da marayu waɗanda aka kashe iyayensu a cikin mulkin Habré. Ta kuma buɗe makarantar Larabci a N'Djamena.
Addini[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ta tafi aikin hajji shida a Makka a rayuwarta, ciki har da tafiya ta karshe a 2000. Ta mutu a ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2001, kuma ana ta tunawa da ita a matsayin mace mai juriya a Chadi a yau. A cikin taƙaita abubuwan da ta gada, ta bayyana cewa, "Na yi yaƙi domin mutane kamar yadda na yi gwagwarmaya da mai mulkin mallaka."
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ "HALIME OUMAR Hadjé". University of Paris. Retrieved 25 October 2016.
- ↑ Gates, Jr., Henry Louis; Akyeampong, Emmanuel; Mr. Steven J. Niven (2 February 2012). Dictionary of African Biography. OUP USA. pp. 4–5. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.
- ↑ Sheldon, Kathleen (4 March 2016). Historical Dictionary of Women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 121. ISBN 978-1-4422-6293-5.