Mancala

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Mancala
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na Wasan Allo
'Yan wasan Bao a Zanzibar.

Wasan mancala dangi ne na wasan dabarun bi-da-biyu na tushen wasannin allo wanda aka yi da ƙananan duwatsu, wake, ko tsaba da layuka na ramuka a cikin ƙasa, allo ko wani filin wasa. Makasudin mafi yawanci shine kama duk ko wasu saitin pieces na abokin hamayya.

Siffofin wasan sun koma a ƙarni na 3 kuma shaidu sun nuna cewa wasan ya wanzu a Masar ta dā. Yana daga cikin tsoffin wasannin da aka sani har yanzu ana yin su a ko'ina a yau.

Sunaye da bambance-bambance[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Wasan Ô ăn quan a Ranar Sabuwar Shekara ( Tết ) a Vinhomes Times City, Ha Noi.

Sunan rarrabuwa ne ko nau'in wasa, maimakon kowane takamaiman wasa. Wasu shahararrun wasannin mancala (game da yankin rarrabawa, adadin ƴan wasa da gasa, da wallafe-wallafe) sune:

  • Ayoayo, wanda kabilar Yarbawa a Najeriya suka buga; daidai da Oware.
  • Alemungula ko gebeta (Gebeta) –wanda aka buga a Sudan da Habasha.[1]
  • Ali Guli Mane ko Pallanguzhi-ya buga a Kudancin Indiya.[2]
  • Bao la Kiswahili-wanda aka yi wasa a galibin Gabashin Afirka ciki har da Kenya, Tanzania, Comoros, Malawi, da kuma wasu yankuna na DR Congo da Burundi. [3]
  • Congklak (aka congkak, congka, tjongklak, jongklak )-wanda Malay ya buga a cikin tsibiri na Malay Mutanen Malay).
  • Dakon (or dhakon )-wanda aka buga a tsibirin Indonesiya (musamman a tsibirin Java).
  • Gebeta (Tigrigna: geበጣ)-Habasha da Eritrea (musamman a Tigrai).
  • Hoyito-an buga shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican.
  • Igisoro-wanda aka buga a Rwanda.
  • Kalah-Bambance-bambancen Arewacin Amurka, mafi mashahuri bambance-bambancen a yammacin duniya.
  • Lamlameta-wanda aka buga a Habasha.
  • Ô ăn quan-wanda aka buga a Vietnam.
  • Ohvalhugondi-wanda aka buga a Maldives
  • Omanu Guntalu (a Telugu)- wanda aka yi wasa a yankunan karkara na Telangana, Indiya.
  • Opón ayò-a cikin Yarbawan Najeriya.
  • Oware (awalé, awélé, awari)– Ashanti, amma ya buga ko'ina a duniya tare da bambance-bambancen da aka buga a yammacin Afirka (misali ayo by Yorubas da ishé ta Igalas) da kuma cikin Caribbean.
  • Pallanguzhi-wanda aka buga a Tamil Nadu, Indiya
  • Sungka-Firist na Jesuit Uba José Sanchez ya fara bayyana shi a cikin ƙamus na harshen Bisaya (Cebuano) a cikin rubutun 1692 a matsayin kunggit. Uba José Sanchez wanda ya isa ƙasar Filifin a shekara ta 1643 ya rubuta cewa a wasan an yi wasan ne da igiyar ruwa a kan katako mai kama da jirgin ruwa. Har yanzu mutanen Aklanon suna kiran wasan kunggit.
  • Toguz korgool ko Toguz kumalak-wanda aka buga a Kyrgyzstan da Kazakhstan.
  • Vwela-mutanen nyemba (lucazi) ne suka buga tsakanin Kudancin Angola, Arewacin Gabashin Namibiya, da Zambia.

Sun bambanta da sauran nau'ikan mancala a cikin cewa an haɗa kantin sayar da mai kunnawa a cikin sanya tsaba. Nau'in da aka fi sani da shi yana da ramuka bakwai ga kowane ɗan wasa, ban da ramukan kantin kayan wasa. Wannan sigar tana da ƙa'idodi iri ɗaya a cikin kewayon sa. Amma akwai kuma bambance-bambance masu yawa tare da adadin ramuka da ka'idoji ta yanki. Wani lokaci ana iya kunna sigar fiye da ɗaya a wuri ɗaya. [4]

Ko da yake an san sunayen fiye da 800 na wasannin mancala na gargajiya, wasu sunayen suna nuna wasa iri ɗaya ne, yayin da wasu kuma ana amfani da su fiye da wasa ɗaya. Kusan sigar zamani 200 kuma an bayyana su.


Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Alamar rami da ake zaton tsoffin allunan Gebeta ne (watau mancala) a gindin stele Aksumite, Axum, Habasha.
Gidan hauren giwa na karni na 10 daga musulmin Spain.
  1. "Oware". BoardGameGeek.
  2. "Oware – Played all over the world". oware.org.
  3. Hyde (1694), pp. 226-232
  4. "African Games of Strategy: A Teaching Manual". African Studies Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. February 7, 1982 – via Google Books.Empty citation (help)