Ummu Kulthum bint Ali

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Ummu Kulthum bint Ali
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Madinah, 627 (Gregorian) (1396/1397 shekaru)
Makwanci Al-Baqi'
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi Sayyadina Aliyu
Mahaifiya Fatima
Abokiyar zama Sayyadina Umar
Muhammad ibn Ja'far (en) Fassara
Awn ibn Ja'far (en) Fassara
Abdullah dan Ja'far
Ahali Sayyida Ruqayya bint Ali, Zaynab bint Ali (en) Fassara, Muhsin ibn Ali (en) Fassara, AlHusain dan Aliyu bin Abi Talib, Hilal ibn Ali (en) Fassara, Uthman ibn Ali (en) Fassara, Alhasan dan Ali, Abbas ibn Ali (en) Fassara, Abdullah ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (en) Fassara, Jafar ibn Ali (en) Fassara, Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah (en) Fassara, Khadija bint Ali (en) Fassara, Maymouna bint Ali (en) Fassara da Abu Bakr ibn Ali (en) Fassara
Sana'a
Imani
Addini Musulunci

Rubutun tsutsaZaynab al-Sughrā ( Larabci: زَيْنَب ٱلصُّغْرَىٰ‎ 'Zaynab 'yar karama''), wanda kuma aka sani da kunya Umm Kulthūm bint ‘Ali ( Larabci: أُمّ كُلْثُوم بِنْت عَلِيّ‎), ta kasance jikanyar Muhammad ce kuma diyar 'yar Ali ibn Abi Talib,na huɗun khalifofi shiryayyu (r. 656 zuwa 661) kuma ɗan uwa, suruki, kuma sahabi ( Saḥāba ) na Muhammad — ta hanyar aurensa da Faṭimah ., kuma matar na biyun khalifofi shiryayyu kuma sahabi ( ṣahaba ) na Muhammad, Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (r. 634 zuwa 644).

Ko ta auri ko bata auri na biyun khalifofi shiryayyu, Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb ba(r. 634-644), batu ne da ake cece-kuce tsakanin Ahlus-Sunnah da wasu musulmi ‘yan Shi’a ‘yan-sha-biyu . Gaskiyan cewar mahaifinta Ali ya sanyawa ‘ya’yansa biyu sunayen khalifofi na farko da na biyu, Abubakar da Umar, ya karfafa maganar Ahlus-Sunnah cewa lallai Ali ya aurar da ita ga Umar. [1] An ba ta lakabi da "'yar Ƙaramar" don bambanta ta da yayarta, Zaynab Babba (Zaynab al-Kubra). [2]


Iyali[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An haife ta a shekara ta 6 bayan hijira [3] a matsayin ƴa na huɗu ga Ali kuma ga 'yar Muhammadu, Fatima . 'Yan uwanta su ne Hasan, Husaini da Zainab al-Kubra . [4] :18Muhammad ya ba ta kunya 'Ummu Kulthum' saboda ta yi kama da 'yarsa, Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad, Innar Zainab ta wurin Uwa. [5]

Auren farko[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Aqidar Sunna[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Da farko Ali yana son ‘ya’yansa mata su auri ‘ya’yan dan’uwansa Ja’afar, amma khalifa ya nemi auren Ummu Kulthum, wanda ya yi alkawarin cewa, “Babu wani mutum a doron kasa da zai kyautata mata fiye da yadda zan yi. [4] :299

Ali ya yi jayayyar cewa har yanzu ba ta kai balaga ba, [4] :299,300amma Umar ya ce a gabatar da ita gare shi. Ali ya bai wa diyarsa Tufafi mai tsiri, ya umurce ta da cewa: “Ki kai wa Amirul Muminin, ki ce masa: “Babana ya ce: “Idan kana son wannan tufafin, ka rike shi; idan kuma ba ka so, ka mayar da shi." Lokacin da Ummu Kulthum ta kawo wa Umar wannan saqo, sai ta ba da labarin cewa: “Bai buɗe rigar ba kuma bai kalli komai ba face ni. Sai ya ce mata ya yi mai, don haka Ali ya amince da auren. [4] :299–300Umar ya baiwa amaryarsa sadaki Dirhami 40,000, [6] kuma aka yi auren a watan Nuwamba ko Disamba shekara ta 638 (Dhu'l-Qaada 17 bayan hijira). [7]

Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, Zayd da Ruqayya. [4] :299,300[8] Daga baya Ruqayya ta auri Ibrahim, ɗan Sa’ad bn Abi Waqqas wanda ta haifa masa ‘ya mace.

Wani labari daga rayuwar aurensu ya ba da labarin yadda Ummu Kulthum ta aika da kyautar turare ga Sarauniyar Rumawa . Sarauniyar ita kuma ta aika ma Ummu Kulthum abin wuya "kyakkyawa". Umar ya yi imanin cewa bai kamata matarsa ta yi wasiku na sirri ba da kudin ma’aikatan gidan waya na jihar, don haka sai ya biya mata kudin turaren, ya kuma sanya abin wuyan Sarauniyar a cikin baitul malin jihar. [9] Amma duk da haka, an ce Umar ya na kula da Ummu Kulthum “da matuƙar girma da daraja” domin jikan Muhammadu ce. [10]

Aqidar Shi'a goma sha biyu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sai dai da yawa daga cikin ‘yan Shi’a ‘yan-sha-biyu sun yi imanin cewa aurenta da Umar bai faru ba, kuma ta auri Awn ibn Ja’afar (Ja’afar) bn Abi Talib, sannan (bayan rasuwarsa) ga kaninsa Muhammad. [11]

Aure na gaba[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Bayan wafatin Umar a shekara ta 644, Ummu Kulthum ta auri matashin kawunta, ɗan Ja’afar Awn, [24] akan sadaki dirhami 4,000. Dan uwanta Hasan ya bayyana cewa bai taba ganin soyayya mai kima irin yadda Ummu Kulthum take yi wa Awn ba. Duk da haka, Awn ya mutu bayan ɗan lokaci kaɗan. [25]

Bayan Awn ya rasu, Ali ya aurar da Ummu Kulthum ga ɗan'uwan Awn Muhammad, [4] :299 shima akan dirhami 4,000. Amma kuma Muhammad shima ya rasu. [25]

Bayan mutuwar mijinta Muhammad, Ummu Kulthum ta zama ɗaya daga cikin matan babban ɗan'uwan Awn da Muhammad, Abdullah, [28] wanda ya saki 'yar uwarta Zainab al-Kubra . [29] Dangane da sakin littafin Muhammad Al-Munajjid ya bayyana cewa Zainab ta rasu ne tana auren shi (Abdullahi bn Ja'afar). Ummu Kulthum ta ce: “Ba na jin kunyar [ surukata ] Asma bint Umays . Biyu daga cikin 'ya'yanta sun mutu suna aure na, amma ban ji tsoron hakan wa na ukun ba." [4] :299

Ummu Kulthum ba ta haihu da ɗaya daga cikin aurenta na ukun ƙarshe ba. [4] :299

Yakin Karbala[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ruwaito cewa ta kasance a yakin Karbala, inda wani soja da ya kai hari ya kwace mata 'yan kunnen ta. Bayan haka kuma, an ce Ummu Kulthum ta yi wani yabo na Allah ya tarwatsa mutanen Kufa da suka yi watsi da dan uwanta Husaini, wanda aka kashe a yakin.

Mutuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kabarin Ummu Kulthum bint Imam Ali a Bab al-Saghir, Damascus
Hoton wurin ibadarta a Bab al-Saghir, Damascus, wanda aka dauka daga waje

Ummu Kulthum da danta Zaid sun rasu a lokaci guda, a zamanin Abdullah.[ana buƙatar hujja] Mutane tamanin 80 suka halarci jana'izar su, [4] :299inda Sa'id bn al-As ya gabatar da sallah, kuma masu jam'in sallah sun hada da Abdullahi bn Umar da Abu Hurairah . [30]

An binne Ummu Kulthum a makabartar Baab Sagheer a birnin Damascus dake kasar Siriya. Ginin ummu kulthum yana ƙauyen Arrawiya a Damascus.

Fatimids sun yi imanin cewa ana kuma kiranta da "Zaynab Karama" kuma an binne ta a Masallacin Sayyidah Zainab, a Damascus; Yayin da Zainab babba ta kasance dattijiya a karshen rayuwarta a birnin Alƙahira [31] kuma an binneta a can a masallacin Al-Sayeda Zainab . [32]

Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Bishiyar gidan Ali
  • Abubuwan da ake jayayya a farkon tarihin Musulunci
  • Mashhad na Sayyida Ruqayya
  • Ra'ayin Sunna akan Umar
  • Shi'a ra'ayin Umar

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ Shams ad-Din al-Dhahabi. Siyar A`lam al-Nubala'. (2001). Volume 3: Kibar al-Tabi'in, p. 501. Beirut: Resalah Publishing House.
  2. ↑ Al-Shaykh al-Mufid.
  3. ↑ Shams ad-Din al-Dhahabi.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 Muhammad ibn Saad.
  5. ↑ Abbas al-Qumi.
  6. ↑ Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari.
  7. ↑ Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari.
  8. ↑ Muhammad ibn Saad.
  9. ↑ Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari.
  10. ↑ Muhammad ibn Ismail ibn Kathir.
  11. ↑ Umar's Marriage to Umm Kulthum in Shiite Narrations.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Muhammad ibn Ismail ibn Kathir. Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya. Translated by Le Gassick, T. (2000). The Life of the Prophet Muhammad Volume 4, pp. 418, 438. Reading, U.K.: Garnet Publishing.
  13. ↑ Shustari, Qazi Nurullah. Majalis ul-Mo'mineen. pp. 85–89.
  14. ↑ al-Murtaza, Sharif. Al-Shaafi. p. 116.
  15. ↑ Al-Hadid, Hibatullah. Sharh Nahj ul-Balagha. 3. p. 124.
  16. ↑ Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir. Bihar al-Anwar. p. 621.
  17. ↑ Ardabili, Muqaddas. Hadiqat al-Shi'a. p. 277.
  18. ↑ Shustari, Qazi Nurullah. Masa'ib un-Nawasib. p. 170.
  19. ↑ Al-Amili, Zayn al-Din al-Juna'i. "Lawahiq-al-'Aqd". Masalik al-Ifham fi Sharh Shara-il-Islam. 1.
  20. ↑ Qumi, Abbas. Muntahi al-Aamal. 1. p. 186.
  21. ↑ Shahidi, Sayyed Ja'far. Life of Fatemeh Zahra(SA). pp. 263–265.
  22. ↑ Baqir, Muhammad. Mir'at ul-Uqool. 21. p. 199.
  23. ↑ Al-Tusi, Nasir Al-Din. Al-Mabsoot. 4. p. 272.
  24. ↑ [4]:299[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Guillaume, A. (1960).
  26. ↑ Al-Tusi, Nasir Al-Din. Al-Mabsoot. pp. Volume 4, pg 272.
  27. ↑ Baqir, Muhammad. Mir'at ul-Uqool. pp. Volume 21, pg 199.
  28. ↑ [4]:299[12][26][27]
  29. ↑ Lammens, H. (1912).
  30. ↑ Nasa'i 3:21:1980.
  31. ↑ "Balaghatun Nisa", by Abul Fazl Ahmad bin Abi Tahir
  32. ↑ The Shi'i World: Pathways in Tradition and Modernity; edited by Farhad Daftary, Amyn Sajoo, Shainool Jiwa; page 216
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