Kurdawa
 | |
| Yankuna masu yawan jama'a | |
|---|---|
| Turkiyya, Irak, Iran, Siriya, Jamus, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Lebanon, Rasha, Georgia, Armeniya, Kazakystan, Birtaniya, Isra'ila da Argentina | |
| Harsuna | |
Kurdish (en)  , Turkanci, Farisawa da Larabci | |
| Addini | |
|
Mabiya Sunnah, Shi'a, Alevism (en) , Yazidism (en) , Kiristanci da Yahudanci | |
| Kabilu masu alaƙa | |
|
Iranian peoples (en) |
Kurɗawa (Kurɗanci: کورد, Kurd) kabila ce a ƙasar Iran masu asali da ke sassa da dama a yankin Yammacin Asiya yankin da aka fi sanin shi da Kurdistan, wanda ya yanki kudu maso gabashin Turkiyya, arewa maso gabashin Iran, arewacin Iraki da arewacin Siriya. Akwai kuma kurdawa a yankunan Amatoliya da Khorasan. Haka nan akwai kuma wani adadi na Kurdawa a cikin biranen yammacin ƙasar Turkiyya, mafi akasari a Istanbul, yayin da kuma akwai Kurdawa a yammacin Turai, musamman ma a Jamus. An kiyasta adadin Kurdawa zai kai miliyan 30 zuwa 45.[1]
Yare
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kurdanci (a harshen na Kurdanci: Kurdî ko کوردی) shine harshe ko yaren kurdawa. Ana yin wannan yare ne a wasu sassa na ƙasar Iran da Iraki da Siriya da Turkiyya yankin da ake kira da Kurdistan. A Iraƙi bayan harshen Larabci shima harshen Kurdanci na daga cikin harsunan hukuma. A Iran kuma harshen na matsayin harshen yanki, a Armeniya kuma an bai wa harshen matsayin harshe mara rinjaye.
Akasarin Kurdawa najin harsuna biyu ko sama, suna yin harshen su na asali ne domin girmamawa ga ƙasarsu ta asali, sai kuma harsunan Larabci da Farisanci da Turkamci a matsayin harshe na biyu.
A na cewar Mackenzie harshen Kurdanci ya rabu zuwa gida gida kamar haka:
- Rukunin Arewa (rukunin Kurmanji)
- Rukunin Tsakiya (ɓangare na Sorani)
- Rukunin Kudanci (Shima ɓangaren Rukunin Sorani) wanda ya ƙunshi Kermanshashi, Ardalani da Laki.
Zaza da Gorani suma ƙabilaun Kurdawa ne.[2]
Yawan Mutane
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Adadin Kurdawan da ke a Kudu maso yammacin Asiya ankiyasta zasu kai miliyan 30, da wasu miliyan ɗaya ko biyu mazunan ƙasashen waje. Kurdawa sun kai adadin kaso 18% zuwa 20% na mutanen Turkiyya, a ƙalla dai kaso 25%; sai kuma kurdawan Iraƙi kaso 15% zuwa 20%; kaso 10% a Iran; da 9% a siriya. Kurdawa ne keda rinjaye a dukkannin yankunan Kurdistan dake a Iraƙi da Iran da Siriya da Turkiyya. Kurdawa ne na huɗu a ƙabilun dake Yammacin Asiya bayan Larabawa da Farisawa da Turkawa.
Kiyasin Kurdawa a shekarar 1991 ya kai miliyan 22.5, wanda a wannan adadin 48% na a Turkiyya, 18% na Iraƙi, 24% a Iran da kuma 4% a Siriya.
Kurdawa yan cirani da yan gudun hijira a ƙasashen Yammacin sun kai kusa da miliyan 1.5 wanda rabin su na a Jamus.
Addini
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Kusan dukkannin Kurdawa mabiya Addinai ne. Akasari Kurdawa mabiya addinin Musulunci ne kuma Sunnah suke bi mazhabar Shafi'iyya. Amma kuma akwai mabiya Mazhabin Hanafiyya da sauran Mazhabobi marasa rinjaye. Akwai kuma mabiya Shi'anci musamman wadan da suke a Kurdistan ta yankunan Iran da Iraƙi, sannan akwai kuma yan Alevi. Bayan Addinin Musulunci kuma akwai Kurdawa mabiya addinan Alh-i-Haqq ko (Yarsan), Yazidi da Zorostara da Kiristanci.[3][4][5]
Alkaluma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gine fine
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Salon gine gine ga Kurdawa dai shima kamar na sauran irin na mutanen yammacin Asiya ne. Salo ne irin na Daular Usmaniyya da kuma na Larabawa da Farisawa.
Ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kafin tsarin Ilimi na zamanin nan, tsarin karatu na Madrasa ake yi (madrasa makaranta ce ta koyon ilimin addinin Musulunci.
Mata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yanci da daidaito ga mata na samun cigaba a gabaki dayan yankunan Kurdawa daga karni na 20 zuwa na 21 sakamakon cigaban da kungiyoyin da al'umar ke da su na neman gwagwarmaya.[6]