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Fari a Najeriya

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.


Drought (Fari) ya na nufin tsawan lokaci na raguwar ruwan sama sosai, wanda ke haifar da karancin ruwa da raguwar yawan amfanin gona[1]. Fari shine tsawon lokaci wanda yanki ko yanki ke samun ƙasa da hazo fiye da yadda aka saba. Rashin isassun hazo, ko ruwan sama ko dusar ƙanƙara, na iya haifar da raguwar kwararar rafi, lalacewar amfanin gona, rage danshin ƙasa, ko ƙarancin ruwan ƙasa, da kuma ƙarancin ruwa gabaɗaya. Bayan guguwa, fari su ne yanayin yanayi da ke kashe mutane mafi yawa.[2]

Najeriya, dake yammacin Afirka, an santa da yanayin muhalli daban-daban, amma kuma tana fuskantar kalubalen fari da ke faruwa, musamman a yankunan arewaci da tsakiyar kasar.[3]

Fari a Najeriya

yana nufin tsawan lokaci na raguwar ruwan sama sosai, wanda ke haifar da karancin ruwa da raguwar yawan amfanin gona. Najeriya, dake yammacin Afirka, an santa da yanayin muhalli daban-daban, amma kuma tana fuskantar kalubalen fari da ke faruwa, musamman a yankunan arewaci da tsakiyar kasar[4].

Babban abin da ke haifar da fari a Najeriya shi ne rashin daidaituwa da bambancin yanayin ruwan sama[5]. Sauyin yanayi ya kara ta'azzara wannan batu, wanda ya haifar da yawaitar fari da tsananin fari. Haɓakar yanayin zafi, canza yanayin hazo, da haɓakar ƙawancen ruwa suna ba da gudummawa ga tsawaita busasshiyar bushewa da ƙarancin albarkatun ruwa[4].


Tasirin fari a Najeriya ya yi yawa kuma ya shafi bangarori daban-daban, musamman noma, muhalli, da kuma rayuwa. Noma, wanda shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin kasar, ya dogara ne da ruwan sama. Rashin wadataccen ruwa yana haifar da gazawar amfanin gona, asarar dabbobi, da rage yawan abinci. Wannan, bi da bi, yana haifar da barazana ga samar da abinci da kuma ta'azzara talauci da rashin abinci mai gina jiki[6].Tasirin fari a Najeriya yana da yawa kuma yana shafar sassa daban-daban, musamman noma, muhalli, da kuma rayuwa. Noma, wanda shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin kasar, ya dogara ne da ruwan sama. Rashin wadataccen ruwa yana haifar da gazawar amfanin gona, asarar dabbobi, da rage yawan abinci. Wannan kuma yana haifar da barazana ga wadatar abinci da kuma ta'azzara talauci da rashin abinci mai gina jiki[6].

Haka kuma, fari yana da illa ga muhalli. Rushewar tushen ruwa, kamar tafkuna, koguna, da tafkunan ruwa, suna shafar yanayin halittun ruwa da rayayyun halittu. Ana danganta sare dazuzzuka da zaizayar kasa da fari, yayin da al'ummomi ke yin abubuwan da ba za su dore ba don tinkarar matsalar karancin ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, rashin ruwa don amfanin gida yana tasiri tsafta, lafiya, da tsafta, wanda ke haifar da ƙara haɗarin cututtuka na ruwa.


Domin dakile illolin fari, Najeriya ta dauki matakai daban-daban a matakin kasa da na kananan hukumomi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da aiwatar da tsarin faɗakarwa da wuri don faɗakar da al'ummomi game da yanayin fari na gabatowa, haɓaka ayyukan noma masu kyau da yanayi, da saka hannun jari a ayyukan samar da ruwa, kamar madatsun ruwa da tsarin ban ruwa. Gwamnati ta kuma karfafa sauye-sauyen tattalin arziki don rage dogaro da noma da ruwan sama da inganta hanyoyin samun kudin shiga.


Hadin kai da goyon bayan kasashen duniya na da matukar muhimmanci wajen magance matsalar fari a Najeriya. Ƙoƙarin haɗin gwiwa da ya haɗa da gwamnatoci, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai, da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa na iya taimakawa inganta sarrafa ruwa, haɓaka ayyukan noma mai dorewa, da haɓaka juriya ga fari. Bugu da ƙari, saka hannun jari kan bincike da ci gaban fasaha na iya ba da gudummawa ga ingantacciyar hasashen fari da dabarun daidaitawa.A ƙarshe, fari a Najeriya yana haifar da manyan ƙalubale ga fannin noma, muhalli, da rayuwa. Rashin daidaituwar yanayin ruwan sama, tare da tasirin sauyin yanayi, ya haifar da karancin ruwa, raguwar samar da abinci, da gurbacewar muhalli. Koyaya, tare da ingantaccen tsari, saka hannun jari, da haɗin gwiwar kasa da kasa, Najeriya za ta iya samar da ingantattun dabaru don dakile illolin fari da gina juriya a nan gaba.

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377422001159
  2. https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/drought/
  3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959378020307408?via%3Dihub
  4. 4.0 4.1 https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCCSM-11-2020-0119
  5. https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jgg/article/view/11969
  6. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/kusbder/issue/74350/1110510