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Jami'ar Afirka ta Duniya

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Jami'ar Afirka ta Duniya

Alah, Ilim and Istiqama
Bayanai
Iri public university (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Sudan
Aiki
Mamba na Ƙungiyar Jami'in Afrika
Ƙaramar kamfani na
International University of Africa – Faculty of Computer Studies (en) Fassara
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira 1977
1992

iua.edu.sd


Babban ƙofar

Jami'ar Afirka ta Duniya (Arabic) jami'a ce mai zaman kanta a Khartoum, Sudan . Yana da memba na Tarayyar Jami'o'in Duniya ta Musulunci . Jami'ar tana da fannoni na Ilimi da Humanities, Shari'a da Nazarin Musulunci, na Kimiyya mai tsabta da aikace-aikace, Injiniya da Magunguna.[1]

Jami'ar ta samo asali ne daga Cibiyar Afirka ta Musulunci, wacce aka kafa a Khartoum a 1977 tare da taimakon kudi daga Saudi Arabia da sauran jihohin Larabawa na Tekun Farisa don horar da masu wa'azi da ilimantar da matasa Musulmai na Afirka da kuma "suna da ra'ayin Salafist na Islama. " [2] A cikin 1992, gwamnatin soja ta Colonel Omar Al-Bashir ta inganta cibiyar zuwa jami'a. Kodayake an cire kalmar "Islama" daga taken, karatun Islama wani muhimmin bangare ne na tsarin karatun. Jami'ar ta kasance mai aiki a cikin ilimi mafi girma na Islama a yankin Saharar Afirka tun lokacin da aka kirkireshi.[3]

Saboda wurin da yake da shi da tarihin al'adu, Sudan tana karbar bakuncin mutane da yawa daga kasashe makwabta, wadanda ko dai suna neman ilimin addini ko kuma suna kan hanyarsu don yin aikin Hajji. (Port Sudan yana tsaye a fadin Bahar Maliya daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta Makka ta Jedda.) Wasu mahajjata sun kasance a baya, ko dai tare da sheikh (shugaban addini) ko gudu daga tsanantawa ta addini, wanda ya kafa a sakamakon mulkin mallaka na Turai. Sauran sun tilasta musu ta hanyar yaƙe-yaƙe don neman mafaka da ilimi a Sudan. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2010, jami'ar tana da kusan dalibai 6,000. Cibiyarta ta 93-acre tana cikin yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Jihar Khartoum . [4]

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Cibiyar Musulunci ta Afirka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Shugaban jami'ar, wanda aka fi sani da Cibiyar Musulunci ta Afirka [5] (kuma Islamic African Center [6] ko Islamic African Institute [7] ), an kafa shi a cikin 1977 ko 1978 [7] don horar da matasan Afirka (musamman). Sudan ta Kudu) a cikin Salafist ko fassarori na Islama . A cewar shafin yanar gizon jami'ar, "malamai da dama ... tare da ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙoƙari", [7] yayin da majiyoyin waje suka ba da tallafin kuɗi ga Saudi Arabia da sauran Ƙasashen Larabawa na Gulf Persian, da kuma gudanarwa ta Ƙungiyar Islama. Islamic Front of Sudan .

A cewar Oxford Islamic Studies Online, kungiyar Musulunci ta Sudan ta National Islamic Front ta kafa AIC "don gudanar da aikin mishan tsakanin wadanda ba Musulmai ba a kudancin Sudan".[5]Sauran kafofin sun nuna cewa horarwar ba ta Sudanese ba ce kawai. Masanin kimiyyar siyasa Gilles Kepel ya bayyana shi kamar yadda aka kirkireshi "don horar da masu wa'azi da matasa masu daraja daga kasashen Afirka masu magana da Faransanci da Ingilishi" da kuma "suna da ra'ayin Salafist na Islama". Kepel ya kwatanta cibiyar a matsayin "mai arziki daga jihohin Gulf" kuma "shugaban" daga memba na jam'iyyar National Islamic Front "daga 1979 zuwa gaba". Rachel Bronson ta bayyana cewa tun daga shekarar 1977, Saudi Arabia "ta zubar da muhimman albarkatu" a cikin cibiyar.

A cewar shafin yanar gizon jami'ar, Cibiyar / Cibiyar ta fara ne ta hanyar "karɓar ɗaliban Afirka a matakin tsakiya da sakandare" daga 1977-1979 zuwa gaba, kafin "an dakatar da wannan aikin". Daga baya, Cibiyar / Cibiyar ta farfado "a kan mafi girma kuma tare da manyan wurare" ta "Gwamnatin Sudan". "Ya gayyaci kasashe Larabawa da yawa" don ba da gudummawa kuma shida sun amsa - Masar, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa da Morocco. Wakilan su "sun kafa kwamitin amintattu na Cibiyar" (mafi girman ikon cibiyar) kuma "sun jawo dokar da Gwamnatin Sudan ta amince da ita kuma jihohin da suka kafa ta tabbatar da ita".[7]

Gwamnatin Sudan ta baiwa cibiyar "babban fili na ƙasa kuma shugaban Jamhuriyar ya ba ta kariya da dama na diflomasiyya" wanda ya taimaka mata ta bunkasa da ci gaba da sauri. Gwamnatin Ceto ta Kasa ta tabbatar da dokar da ta gabata.[7]

Tsakanin 1977 da 1986 an kafa Cibiyar / Cibiyar kuma "an daidaita gudanarwarta da tsarinta". Ana iya saukar da dalibai 800 kuma "daddaruruwan" dalibai sun kammala karatu. An fadada koyarwa daga matakan tsakiya da sakandare don haɗawa da kwalejojin jami'a guda biyu. "Ayyukan zamantakewa da al'adu" sun haɗa da "aikin al'adu na matasa da ƙungiyoyin masu digiri". A wata ƙasa ta Afirka, "fiye da masu neman takara 500 sun yi gasa don kyaututtuka goma" ga AIC.

Amma a cikin 1405 AH (1984-5) an rage aikin Cibiyar bayan wasu kasashe membobin "sun kasa biyan gudummawarsu [da aka yi alkawari"), kuma dole ne a yanke kasafin kuɗi a lokaci guda da ake kafa kwalejojin biyu.[7]

Jami'ar Afirka ta Duniya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin 1411 AH (1990-91), kuma saboda babban bukatar daliban Afirka don ilimi mafi girma, Gwamnatin Sudan ta ba da umarni mai zuwa (bisa ga shafin yanar gizon jami'a): [7]

  1. Ɗaukaka Cibiyar Afirka ta Musulunci zuwa Dokar Jami'a tare da sunan: Jami'ar Afirka ta Duniya .
  2. gayyatar kasashe masu sha'awar da cibiyoyin agaji su zama mambobi na Kwamitin Amintattun.
  3. Tabbatar da yarjejeniyar zama ta hukuma tsakanin Gwamnatin Sudan da Jami'ar da kuma ba ta damar riƙe rigakafi da gata da aka ba Cibiyar Afirka ta Musulunci.
  4. An kafa Jami'ar tare da kusan cikakken goyon bayan Gwamnatin Sudan, an kafa sabbin fannoni, cibiyoyi da cibiyoyi kuma shirye-shiryen karatu sun zama daban-daban ciki har da karatu a fannonin kimiyya. An gabatar da shirye-shiryen karatun digiri. Adadin dalibai ya ninka sosai; kuma an kara dangantakar ciki da waje ta Jami'ar ta haifar da jami'ar Afirka ta musamman ta duniya.

Don haka a cikin 1992 an " inganta" cibiyar zuwa jami'a kuma an canza sunanta zuwa Jami'ar Afirka, ko Jami'ar Kasa da Kasa ta Afirka.

A cikin 1995, a lokacin yakin basasa a Kudancin Sudan, Mujallar Spin ta ba da rahoton cewa akwai horo na soja a harabar.[8] Human Rights Watch ta lura cewa a cikin sauran ayyukan ta samar da "shirye-shiryen addini da al'adu" ga fursunonin yaki a Sudan.

Tsarinsa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Jami'ar tana gudanar da Kwalejin Ilimi a tsibirin Zanzibar, Tanzania, tare da rajistar dalibai 466 a shekara ta 2006. A cikin 2011, a cewar Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, Madrid, jami'ar ta kasance 10,924 a duniya. A Sudan, ta kasance ta biyar a bayan Jami'ar Khartoum, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Sudan, Jami'an Ribat ta Kasa da Jami'ar Karary.[9]

A hukumance, shugaban jami'ar shine Shugaban kasar. A zahiri, shugaban jami'ar shine Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar. A watan Nuwamba 2020, an nada Farfesa Dr. Hunud Abia Kadouf, sanannen masanin shari'a a duniya, a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban kasa.[10]

Jami'ar tana da 'yanci bisa doka daga jihar Sudan, amma gwamnati ita ce babbar mai tallafawa kudi. Ana gudanar da darussan galibi a Larabci ban da kimiyyar kiwon lafiya da kiwon lafiya, amma yawancin ɗalibai sun fito ne daga kasashe sama da 90, galibi ƙasashen Afirka da ba sa magana da Larabci kuma daga wasu ƙasashe, kamar Malaysia da Indonesia.

A cikin 1993 kuma tare da hadin gwiwar wasu kungiyoyi, jami'ar ta kafa cibiyar Gudanar da Bala'i'o'i da Nazarin 'Yan Gudun Hijira. An kaddamar da wannan cibiyar a cikin 1994 a wani bikin da Salim Ahmed Salim, Sakatare Janar na Kungiyar hadin kan Afirka ya halarta. Yana gudanar da horo da ci gaba da hanyoyin gudanar da bala'i a Horn of Africa . [11] A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2011, Mataimakin Shugaban jami'ar a wannan lokacin, Farfesa Hassan Mekki, ya sadu da Sakatare Janar na Hukumar Taimako ta Musulunci, Adnan Bin Khalil Al-Basha a Jedda, Saudi Arabia. Su biyu sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimtar juna game da hadin kai a aikin sadaka da agaji.[12]

Faculty da cibiyoyin da ke da alaƙa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Kwalejin Tattalin Arziki da Kimiyya ta Siyasa
  • Kwalejin FasahaAyyuka
  • Cibiyar Harshen Larabci
  • Faculty of Family Studies
  • Ma'aikatar Ilimi
  • Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences
    • Ma'aikatar ilmin sunadaraiSanyen sunadarai
    • Ma'aikatar PhysicsIlimin lissafi
    • Ma'aikatar GeologyIlimin ƙasa
    • Ma'aikatar Lissafi
    • Ma'aikatar MicrobiologyIlimin halittu
  • Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Nursing
  • Kwalejin Kiwon LafiyaMagunguna
  • Kwalejin MagungunaGidan magani
  • Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Laboratory na Kiwon Lafiya
  • Kwalejin ilimin hakoraLikitan hakora
  • Kwalejin Injiniya
  • Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Gudanarwa
  • Kwalejin Nazarin Musulunci
  • Ma'aikatar Shari'a
    • Ma'aikatar Shari'a da Shari'aDokar
  • Faculty of MediaKafofin watsa labarai
  • Faculty of Alkur'ani.
  • Faculty of Family Studies.
  • Kwalejin Nazarin Musulunci.
  • Kwalejin Nazarin Kwamfuta
    • Kimiyya ta Kwamfuta
    • Tsarin Bayanai
    • Fasahar Bayanai
  • Cibiyar Bincike
  • Cibiyar Musulunci ta Afirka
  • Faculty for Disaster and Refugee Studies

Tsarin Ilimi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Jami'ar tana bin tsarin karatun ilimi da lokutan bashi. Ana ba da digiri na ilimi don kammala karatun da aka tsara a lokacin karatun ilimi.

Wadannan darussan sun hada da:

  1. Darussan Bukatar Jami'a: "Waɗannan darussan tilas ne ga dukan ɗaliban jami'a. Sun haɗa da Nazarin Musulunci, harsuna, da batutuwan zamantakewa".
  2. Bukatar ma'aikata: darussan tilas ga dukkan daliban takamaiman bangaren.
  3. Bukatar ƙwarewa: darussan da ma'aikatan suka tsara ga dukkan ɗalibai na ƙwarewa iri ɗaya.

Harshen da aka yi amfani da shi a koyarwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Larabci ita ce matsakaiciyar koyarwa a fannonin tattalin arziki, zane-zane, doka, ilimi da shari'a, da cibiyoyin jami'a a matakin digiri na farko. Har ila yau, matsakaici ne na koyarwa da rubuce-rubuce don karatun digiri. Turanci shine harshen koyarwa a fannonin injiniya, Medicine, kantin magani, likitan hakora, jinya da fannonin kimiyyar dakin gwaje-gwaje.[13]

Cibiyoyin Jami'o'i[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Jami'ar tana da

  • Babban Jarida
  • Asibitin Jami'ar
  • Gidaje masu yawa ga ɗalibai
  • Filin wasa na kwallon kafa, kwando, volleyball da sauran wasannin
  • Gidan Taron Afirka
  • Masallatai 3 kuma yanzu a cikin aiwatar da kafa babban masallaci, a farashin kusan dala miliyan 2 (tsarin Turkiyya)

Dalibai[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ya zuwa shekara ta 2010, kusan rabin ɗaliban sun fito ne daga Sudan, kuma mafi yawan sauran sun fito ne da Horn of Africa. Kusan duk sun fito ne daga Afirka, amma wasu ƙasashe ma suna da wakilci: [14]

Kasar 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Jimillar
Azerbaijan 1 1 - - - - - 2
Jordan 1 2 2 3 1 10 9 28
Brazil - 3 - - - 3 2 8
Gabon 1 - 1 - - - 1 3
Aljeriya - - 1 1 - 2 2 6
Saudi Arabia - - - - 1 1 - 2
Senegal 16 28 11 6 19 45 45 170
Sudan 409 648 697 1137 929 3116 3229 10165
Sweden - - - 1 - - 1 2
Chechnya - - - 1 - - 1 2
Somaliya 138 159 184 298 213 649 637 2278
China 4 4 5 10 7 1 2 33
Iraki 1 1 1 6 8 17 15 49
Philippines 39 41 36 34 26 46 52 274
Kamaru 19 19 7 8 13 27 30 123
Kongo 7 7 17 2 3 11 19 66
Hungary - 1 - 1 1 - - 3
Maroko 1 - - - - - - 1
Norway 1 - - - - - - 1
Ostiraliya - 1 - - - - - 1
Nijar 27 17 21 9 27 60 66 227
Indiya - 3 1 4 - 2 2 12
Japan 2 - 2 3 1 - - 8
Yemen 1 1 1 3 5 8 9 28
Uzbekistan - - - 1 - - - 1
Ostiraliya 2 - - - - - - 2
Afghanistan 2 1 1 4 - 6 7 21
Albania - - 1 1 - 1 1 4
Jamus 2 3 - 1 - - - 6
Amurka 2 1 2 6 - 1 1 13
Angola 1 - - 2 2 3 3 11
Ukraine - - - 1 - 1 1 3
Habasha 135 108 85 81 77 201 202 889
Eritrea 67 66 63 47 45 116 120 524
Afirka ta Tsakiya - - 9 2 3 6 6 26
Indonesia 36 26 28 42 43 89 91 355
Iran - - 1 5 2 3 2 13
Italiya 1 - - - - - - 1
Pakistan - 3 1 1 3 8 8 24
Botswana 1 - - - - - - 1
Burtaniya - - - 1 - - - 1
Bangladesh 1 - 2 - - 1 1 5
Benin - - 5 2 1 4 4 16
Burkina Faso 14 8 9 5 4 18 17 75
Burundi 5 8 8 4 11 11 10 57
Thailand 53 86 42 28 35 60 62 366
Turkiyya 6 58 20 49 55 30 30 248
Chadi 82 49 59 59 57 146 148 600
Tanzania 23 16 26 23 42 59 61 250
Togo 8 11 4 3 4 4 5 39
Tunisiya 1 - - - 1 1 1 4
Comoros 44 51 84 47 45 126 124 521
Jamaica 1 - - - - - - 1
Afirka ta Kudu 4 1 1 - - - - 6
Djibouti 55 35 19 56 22 101 99 387
Rwanda 11 1 9 1 8 13 12 55
Rasha 2 2 - 2 - 1 1 8
Zambia 4 1 7 1 4 6 6 29
Ivory Coast 6 10 7 11 6 22 23 85
Siriya - 14 4 2 4 16 19 59
Switzerland - - - - - 1 1 2
Saliyo - 3 2 2 1 4 6 18
Seralanka - 2 2 - - 2 2 8
Seychelles - - - 1 - - - 1
Tajikistan 4 - 8 2 15 12 13 54
Gambiya 13 - 1 6 - 27 25 72
Ghana 7 15 13 11 3 31 31 111
Guinea 5 10 11 7 4 23 22 82
Guinea Conakry - - - - - 3 - 3
Faransa - 2 - 4 - 2 2 10
Falasdinu 4 - 8 5 9 20 20 66
Kyrgyzstan - - - - 2 1 2 5
Kirgia - - - - 2 2 - 4
Croatia 1 - 1 - - - - 2
Kambodiya 3 - - 2 2 3 2 12
Kanada - 1 - 1 - - - 2
Koriya ta Kudu 1 1 - - - - - 2
Kenya 58 43 88 84 121 208 200 802
Laberiya - 1 2 - 3 4 3 13
Libya 1 - - - - 1 1 3
Lesotho - - - - 1 - 1 2
Mali 28 22 28 10 11 44 45 188
Malaysia 11 5 9 9 5 9 9 57
Madagascar 9 1 1 - - - - 11
Misira 1 3 3 2 1 5 6 21
Mlacasi 1 - - - - - - 1
Malawi - 3 1 9 2 13 13 41
Moldova 1 - - - - - - 1
Mauritania 1 - 1 1 2 11 11 27
Mozambique 8 5 6 6 12 13 15 65
Najeriya 65 92 94 112 105 199 193 860
Uganda 27 35 47 27 24 64 61 283
Jimillar 1478 1746 1810 2320 2053 5754 5870 21031

Dangantakar kasashen waje ta Jami'ar[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Jami'ar memba ce ta:

  • Ƙungiyar Jami'o'i ta Duniya IAU
  • Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Larabawa AARU
  • Tarayyar Jami'o'in Duniya ta Musulunci FUIW
  • Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Afirka AAU
  • Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya WHO
  • Gidan yanar gizon Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta ECFMG da Gidauniyar Ci Gaban Ilimi da Bincike na Duniya IMED . [15]
  • An amince da shi ta hanyar Majalisar Kiwon Lafiya ta Sudan ta Tarayyar Duniya don Ilimin Kiwon Lafiyar WFME . [16]
  • Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Sudan

Har ila yau, akwai yarjejeniyoyin biyu don hadin gwiwar kimiyya da al'adu tare da jami'o'in Islama da na kasa da kasa da cibiyoyin ilimi masu zuwa:

  • Jami'ar Sarki Faisal N"djamena, Chadi.
  • Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya don Makarantun Larabci da Musulunci.
  • Malaysia" id="mwBMA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="International Islamic University Malaysia">Jami'ar Musulunci ta Duniya ta Malaysia.
  • Al-Ko da yake Jami'ar Jordan.
  • Jami'ar Musulunci Nijar.
  • Jami'ar Mbalie ta Uganda.
  • Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu UNISA .
  • Kwalejin Shari'a 'a Sarajevo.
  • Kwalejin Kaneme Najeriya.
  • Kwalejin Ilimi ta Zanzibar (wanda ke da alaƙa da Jami'ar Afirka ta Duniya wacce ke ba da digiri na farko ga masu kammala karatunta).
  • Kwalejin Thika don Shari'a da Nazarin Musulunci -Kenny (wanda ke da alaƙa da Jami'ar Afirka ta Duniya wacce ke ba da digiri na farko ga masu karatun ta).
  • Jami'ar Al-Hikmah Ilorin- Najeriya.
  • Kwalejin Kesaunee (Nijeriya).
  • Jami'ar Gabashin Afirka Bosaso- Somalia.
  • Yarima na Jami'ar Songkla- Thailand .
  • Jami'ar Musulunci ta Duniya- Islam Abad- Pakistan .
  • Jami'ar Banader ta Somaliya.
  • Jami'ar Addis Ababa Habasha.
  • Jami'ar Musulunci ta Burundi Komebo Burundi .
  • Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya don Tunawa da Alkur'ani Mai Tsarki Ƙungiyar Duniya ta Musulunci.
  • Shirin Taimako na Uyun El-Hayat.
  • Kungiyar Kula da Dalibai ta Baƙi.
  • Taron Duniya na Matasan Musulmi (WAMY).
  • Ofishin hadin gwiwa na Da'awa da Jagora Ivory Coast.
  • Sheikh Ali Katarjoghli (dan kasuwa na Turkiyya) don gina Masallacin Uthmanic .
  • Abd Allah Hashim 'Kamfanin Urwa Masarautar Saudi Arabia - tallafin karatu.
  • Kyautar ilimi ta lardin Katsina Najeriya.
  • Jami'ar Bar'u ta Somalia.
  • Ƙungiyar Masu Wa'azi Musulmi Seralion tallafin ilimi
  • Jami'ar Islama ta Shafi 'iyean Jakarta- Indonesia .
  • Jami'ar Zanzibar.
  • Kwalejin Gyaran Larabci ta Sri Lanka .
  • Jami'ar Khanan ta kasar Sin don Kimiyyar Magunguna ta gargajiya

Bayanan da aka ambata[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ "International University of Africa". Federation of the Universities of the Islamic World. Archived from the original on 2005-01-25. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named kepel-181
  3. ↑ MEGAN LINDOW (July 6, 2007). "Once Radical, a Sudanese Institution Has Changed Its Approach". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  4. ↑ "About Us". iua.edu.sd/english. Archived from the original on 29 April 2015. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "National Islamic Front (Sudan)". Oxford Islamic Studies Online. Archived from the original on July 8, 2015. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  6. ↑ "International University of Africa Faculty of Medicine & Health Science". who.int. WHO. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 "History of International University of Africa (IUA)". iua.edu.sd/. 25 August 2014. 25 August 2014. Archived from the original on 19 December 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  8. ↑ "The March of the Green Flag". SPIN. May 1995. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  9. ↑ "Rank of Universities of Sudan". Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, Madrid. Archived from the original on 2012-03-19. Retrieved 2011-09-17.
  10. ↑ "Prof. Hunud Abia Named Vice Chancellor Of International University Of Africa| Sudanow Magazine". sudanow-magazine.net. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  11. ↑ "Introduction". Disaster Management and Refugees Studies Institute. Archived from the original on 2012-03-25. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  12. ↑ "International University of Africa - IRA Sign Memo of Understanding". Sudan News Agency. 6 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  13. ↑ "History of International University of Africa (IUA)". International University of Africa (IUA). Archived from the original on 19 December 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  14. ↑ hassan. "جامعة افريقيا العالمية". iua.edu.sd (in Larabci). Archived from the original on 2011-10-22. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
  15. ↑ "FAIMER | World Directory of Medical Schools". imed.faimer.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 2018-11-28.[permanent dead link]
  16. ↑ "SUDAN MEDICAL COUNCIL AWARDED WFME RECOGNITION STATUS". World Federation for Medical Education. 2018-06-05. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
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