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Rayuwar daji na Najeriya

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wildlife of Nigeria
Bayanai
Ƙasa Najeriya

Dabbobi daji na Najeriya sun hada da tsire-tsire da fauna na wannan ƙasar a Yammacin Afirka. Najeriya tana da wurare masu yawa, daga wuraren mangrove da gandun daji na wurare masu zafi zuwa Savanna tare da tarin bishiyoyi da aka warwatsa. Kimanin nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa 290 da nau'in tsuntsaye 940 an rubuta su a kasar.

Yanayin ƙasa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Najeriya babbar ƙasa ce a Yammacin Afirka a arewacin ma'auni. Yana da iyaka da Benin a yamma, Nijar a arewa, Kamaru a gabas da Tekun Atlantika a kudu. Kasar ta kunshi manyan tsaunuka da yawa da kwarin manyan koguna biyu suka raba, Nijar da Benue, da kuma masu goyon bayansu. Wadannan suna haɗuwa cikin ƙasa kuma suna gudana cikin Tekun Guinea ta hanyar cibiyar sadarwa ta koguna da rassa waɗanda ke samar da babban Delta na Nijar. Sauran koguna suna gudana kai tsaye zuwa teku a yamma, tare da ƙananan koguna da yawa na yanayi. Dutsen da ya fi tsayi shine Chappal Waddi (2,419 metres (7,936 ft) ) a kan Mambilla Plateau a kudu maso gabashin kasar kusa da iyakar da Kamaru. Shere Hills (1,829 metres (6,001 ft) ) wani yanki ne mai tsaunuka wanda ke kan Jos Plateau a tsakiyar kasar. Manyan tabkuna sun hada da tafkuna biyu, Tafkin Oguta da Tafkin Kainji, da Tafkin Chadi a arewa maso gabas. Akwai filayen bakin teku masu yawa a kudu maso yamma da kudu maso gabas, kuma bakin tekun yana da ƙasa.

Lokacin rigar yana faruwa daga Maris zuwa Oktoba, tare da iskõki daga kudu maso yamma. Sauran shekara ta bushe, tare da iskar arewa maso gabas da ke hurawa daga Sahara. Yankin bakin teku yana da tsakanin 1,500 and 3,000 millimetres (59 and 118 in) in) na ruwan sama a kowace shekara, kuma yankunan cikin gida sun bushe sai dai yankunan tsaunuka.[1]

Gidan ajiyar gandun daji na Ngel Nyaki a kan Dutsen MambillaFilin Mambilla

Yankin kudancin kasar an rarraba shi a matsayin "rashin ruwan gishiri" ko "rashin mangrove" saboda ciyayi ya kunshi mangroves. Arewacin wannan yanki ne mai ruwan sha wanda ke dauke da nau'ikan da ba su da gishiri kamar su dabino na raffia, kuma arewacin wannan gandun daji ne. Har ila yau, ƙauyen ya zama savanna tare da ƙungiyoyin bishiyoyi da aka warwatsa.[2] Wani nau'in da aka saba da shi a cikin gandun daji a kudu shine Brachystegia eurycoma .

Wadannan manyan yankuna za a iya raba su. Garin da ke bakin teku ya kai kilomita da yawa a cikin ƙasa kuma ya ƙunshi dukkan nau'ikan mangrove na Yammacin Afirka guda takwas, tare da Rhizophora racemosa kasancewa mafi rinjaye a gefen waje, R. harrisonii a tsakiyar kuma R. mangle a gefen ciki.[3] An kiyasta wuraren mangrove na Neja Delta su zama wurin kiwo na kashi 40% na kifin da aka kama a bakin teku. Yankin gandun daji ya shimfiɗa a cikin ƙasa kusan kilomita 270 kilometres (170 mi) (170 amma abun da ke ciki ya bambanta sosai, tare da ruwan sama yana raguwa daga yamma zuwa gabas da kuma daga kudu zuwa arewa. A cikin ajiyar gandun daji na Omo misali, itatuwan da aka fi sani da su sune nau'ikan Diospyros, Tabernaemontana pachysiphon, Octolobus angustatus, Strombosia pustulata, Drypetes gossweileri, Rothmania hispida, Hunteria unbellata, Rhinorea dentata, Voacanga africana, da Anthonotha aubryanum.[4]

Inda gandun daji ya shiga cikin gandun daji, itatuwa masu rinjaye sun haɗa da Burkea africana, Terminalia avicennioides, da Detarium microcarpum . [5] Kimanin rabin Najeriya an rarraba shi a matsayin Guinea savanna a cikin gandun daji-savanna mosaic ecoregion na Guinea, wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙananan bishiyoyi da ke kewaye da tsayi, tare da sassan gandun daji tare da hanyoyin ruwa. Bishiyoyi na yau da kullun a nan sun dace da yanayin bushewar yanayi da sake kunna gobarar daji kuma sun haɗa da Lophira lanceolata, Afzelia africana, Daniellia Oliveri, Borassus aethiopum, Anogeissus leiocarpa, Vitellaria paradoxa, Ceratonia siliqua, da nau'in Isoberlinia.[2]

Dabbobi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Dabbobi masu shayarwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ "Wetland wildlife resources of Nigeria". FAO. Retrieved 12 May 2019.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "The Human and Physical Characteristics of Nigeria". Geographical Alliance of Iowa. University of Northern Iowa. Archived from the original on 28 March 2010. Retrieved 12 May 2019.
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Implementation
  4. ↑ Ojo, L.O. (2004). "The fate of a tropical rainforest in Nigeria: Abeku sector of Omo Forest Reserve" (PDF). Global Nest: The International Journal. 6 (2): 116–130.
  5. ↑ "Kainji Lake National Park". United Nations Environment Programme: World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
Giwaye a cikin Kamuku National ParkGidan shakatawa na Kamuku

Ana samun adadi mai yawa na dabbobi masu shayarwa daban-daban a Najeriya tare da wuraren zama daban-daban. Wadannan sun hada da zakuna, leopards, mongooses, hyenas, jackals masu sassauci, Giwaye na Afirka, buffaloes na Afirka, Manatees na Afirka. Rhinoceroses, antelopes, waterbuck, giraffes, warthogs, ja doki, Hippopotamuses, pangolins, aardvarks, yammacin bishiyoyi hyraxes, bushbabies, birai, baboons, yammacin gorillas, chimpanzees, jemagu, beraye, beraye. Baya ga waɗannan, nau'ikan whale da Dolphin da yawa suna ziyartar ruwan Najeriya.[1]

Tsuntsaye[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kimanin nau'ikan tsuntsaye 940 an rubuta su a Najeriya, biyar daga cikinsu suna cikin ƙasar.[2] Kowane yanki na ƙasa yana da nau'in tsuntsaye na yau da kullun, tare da kaɗan da ake samu a cikin gandun daji da savanna. A kusa da madatsar ruwan Oba, gabashin Ibadan, ana iya ganin tsuntsayen ruwa daban-daban ciki har da nau'ikan heron da egret, goose na Afirka, Jacana mai tsayi, stilt mai fuka-fuki, plover na Masar, da kuma baƙar fata. A cikin gandun daji da ke kusa, ƙwarewa sun haɗa da Klaas'="mw-redirect cx-link" data-linkid="149" href="./Western_square-tailed_drongo" id="mwxA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Western square-tailed drongo">drongo mai tsayi na yamma da drongo mai haske, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na Afirka da baƙar fata, zane-zane, nau'ikan kurciya da yawa, Klaas da diederik cuckoos, da kuma masu kifi, Masu cin ƙudan zuma, rollers, da bushshrikes, gami da ƙwayoyin daji masu ƙwayoyin taurari masu haske, da yawa, da aka samo a Yammacin Afirka. Wasu tsuntsaye da aka samo a cikin savanna sun haɗa da tsuntsaye mai laushi, partridge na dutse, guineafowl, kurciya mai baki, cuckoo baƙar fata, Blue-naped mousebird, da Abyssinian roller.[3] Tsuntsaye da ke cikin Najeriya sun haɗa da Ibadan malimbe, Jos Plateau indigobird, dutsen wuta da Anambra waxbill.[2]

manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and their distributions.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Pariona, Amber (25 April 2017). "The Native Birds of Nigeria". WorldAtlas. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
  3. ↑ "Federal Republic of Nigeria: Birding Nigeria". FatBirder. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
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