Emmanuel Ifeajuna

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Emmanuel Ifeajuna
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Onitsha, 1935
ƙasa Najeriya
Mutuwa Enugu, 25 Satumba 1967
Yanayin mutuwa hukuncin kisa (ballistic trauma (en) Fassara)
Karatu
Makaranta Jami'ar Ibadan
Sana'a
Sana'a Soja da athlete (en) Fassara
Athletics
Sport disciplines high jump (en) Fassara
Records
Specialty Criterion Data M
Personal marks
Specialty Place Data M
 

Emmanuel Arinze Ifeajuna (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Satumba shekarar 1935 - ya mutu a shekara ta 1967). [1] Ya kasance babban hafsan sojan Najeriya kuma babban jumper . Shi ne Baƙin Afirka na farko da ya ci lambar zinare a taron wasanni na duniya lokacin da ya ci nasara a shekarar 1954 na Biritaniya da Wasannin Kasashe . Alamar nasararsa da mafi kyawun mutum na 6 ft. 8 a cikin (2.03 m) rikodin wasanni ne da rikodin masarautar Biritaniya a lokacin.

Ba’amurke ne daga Onitsha, ya kuma kasance ya kammala karatun sa na kimiyya a Jami’ar Ibadan sannan ya tsunduma cikin siyasa, daga baya ya shiga aikin soja. Ya taka rawa a wajen juyin mulkin Najeriya na shekarar 1966 .

Rayuwa da aiki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Babban tsalle[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Haihuwar Onitsha, [2] ya halarci Dennis Memorial Grammar School a garin sa kuma ya nuna halaye da zasu bayyana rayuwarsa daga baya. Ya yi horo a tsalle tsalle a ƙarƙashin malamin wasanninsa, [3] kuma shi ma ya shiga cikin zanga-zangar da ta rufe makarantar na ɗan lokaci. Ya kammala karatun sakandare a shekarar 1951. [4] Makarantar Grammar ta Ilesa ita ma ta yi ikirarin cewa shi tsohon dalibi ne.[5]Wannan ana jayayya dashi, kodayake yayi koyarwar bazara a makarantar. [6]

Gasar wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta 'Najeriyar ta shekara ta 1954 ta gan shi ya kafa kansa a cikin manya-manyan masu tsalle-tsalle a kasar. Tsalle na 6 ƙafa 5.5 inci (1.97 m) yana nufin an zabi Ifeajuna ne don ya wakilci ƙasarsa a masarautar Birtaniyya ta 1954 da wasannin Commonwealth, tare da Nafiu Osagie . [3] Nijeriya ta yi rawar gani a duniya a cikin tsalle a wancan lokacin - Joshua Majekodunmi shi ne ya zo na biyu a Wasannin Masarautar Birtaniyya na shekarar 1950, [7] kuma ‘yan tsalle-tsalle uku na Nijeriya sun sami damar zuwa na ashirin a gasar tsalle-tsalle ta Olympics ta shekarar 1952 . [8]

A Wasannin shekarar 1954 a Vancouver, ya yi gasa sanye da takalmin hagu kawai amma har yanzu ya sami nasarar share 6 ft. 8 a cikin (2.03 m), wanda ya kasance rikodin Wasanni da kuma rikodin Masarautar Burtaniya don horo. Sakamakon lambar zinare ya sanya shi dan Afirka ta Farko na farko da ya ci nasara a wata babbar gasar wasanni ta duniya. [3] Babban tsallen ya samu damar daukar nauyin lambobin yabo a Afirka a wannan shekarar, inda Patrick Etolu na Uganda ya kare a bayan Ifeajuna sannan Osagie na Najeriya ya zama na uku. [7] Ifeajuna ya sami tarba ta gwarzo bayan dawowarsa Legas kuma an baje shi kan tituna kafin yayi magana a wani bikin farar hula. Daga baya an yi amfani da hoton nasa don murfin gaban littafin motsa jiki na ɗaliban makarantun firamare da sakandare a Najeriya.[9]

Siyasa da jami'a[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Bayan kuma nasarar da ya samu ta zinare, ya daina samun horo a tsalle mai tsayi kuma bai koma wasan ba. Ya shiga cikin karatun kimiyya a Kwalejin Jami'ar Ibadan a shekarar 1954 kuma ya shiga cikin harkar siyasar ɗaliban makarantar . Ya kuma kasance memba na mashahurin Sigma Club, na Jami'ar Ibadan, kungiyar dalibai masu kishin zamantakewar al'umma, masu shirya bikin Havana Musical Carnival a cikin makarantar. Yayin da yake can ya zama abokai na kud da kud da Christopher Okigbo da JP Clark, wadanda dukkansu za su ci gaba da zama fitattun mawaƙan Nijeriya. [10] Ifeajuna shi ma babban aboki ne ga Emeka Anyaoku, daga baya ya zama Sakatare Janar na Commonwealth . Ya tsunduma cikin Kungiyar Daliban Ibadan kuma ya zama Daraktan yada labarai na kungiyar, yana karfafa zanga-zanga. [3] Ya kasance yana da alaka da Dynamic Party, karkashin jagorancin masanin lissafi Chike Obi . Uche Chukwumerije, wanda ya yi zamani da shi kuma daga baya ya zama sanata, ya tuna Ifeajuna yana da himma a cikin hargitsi na siyasa, amma kuma ya yi iƙirarin cewa ba shi da sha'awar shiga cikin zanga-zangar da kansu. Clark ya kuma tabbatar da hakan, yana ba da misalin wata zanga-zanga kan rufe gidan kwanan dalibai. Rufe rufewar ta biyo bayan shari’ar kisan kai ne na Ben Obumselu, shugaban kungiyar daliban kuma aboki na Ifeajuna. Ifeajuna ta shirya zanga-zangar amma ba ta kasance ba yayin rikicin da ya biyo baya. [4]

Bayan ya kuma kammala karatun digirinsa na kimiyya sai ya shiga koyarwa, ana sanya shi a makarantar Ebenezer Anglican Grammar da ke Abeokuta . Ifeajuna ya kasance cikin tuntuɓar yau da kullun tare da Okigbo, wanda shi ma ya ci gaba da koyarwa, kuma su biyun sun ci gaba da tattauna batun siyasar juyin juya hali. [4] Wannan ya kawo karshen Ifeajuna ya bar aikin koyarwa ya shiga soja a 1960. Ya samu horo a makarantar Mons Officer Cadet School a Aldershot, United Kingdom. [3] A matsayinsa na wanda ya kammala karatunsa, ya tashi cikin sauri a cikin mukamin soja ya kai matsayin Manjo a watan Janairun 1966. Ya kasance babban birgediya a Legas .[11]

Juyin mulki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rashin gamsuwa da alkiblar da kasarsa ta bi a lokacin Jamhuriyyar Najeriya ta Farko a karkashin Firayim Minista Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Ifeajuna ya zama makarkashiya a wani shiri na kifar da gwamnatin. Ganin karatun da ya yi, ana daukar Ifeajuna a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin hazikan masu hankali na makircin kuma ya rubuta wani rubutu da ba a buga ba kan dalilin yunkurin juyin mulkin Najeriya na shekarar 1966 . [2] Ya yi tir da rashawa da rashin tsari wanda ya haifar da rashin kyakkyawan shugabanci na gwamnati. [12] Manjo Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu shi ne fuskar yunkurin juyin mulkin, wanda ya hada da wasu manyan sojoji biyar: Timothy Onwuatuegwu, Chris Anuforo, Don Okafor, Adewale Ademoyega da Humphrey Chukwuka .[13]

Ademoyega, Okafor, Anuforo da Chukwuka sune sauran manya a Legas, inda Ifeajuna suka jagoranci motsi. Ifeajuna ya jagoranci tawagarsa zuwa gidan Firaminista Balewa kuma suka kama shi. A halin yanzu, Nzeogwu ya fito fili ya bayyana sunayen wadanda suka yi yunkurin juyin mulkin da kuma Balewa a matsayin babban rashi. Okafor ya nemi cafke Birgediya Zakariya Maimalari, babban kwamandan Ifeajuna. Maimalari ya tsere kuma da ya sami Ifeajuna ya nemi taimako. Ifeajuna ya kashe Maimalari, wanda hakan ya haifar da rashin jituwa a tsakanin jiga-jigan Ifeajuna, kasancewar shi babban jami’i ne mai matukar daraja. Ifeajuna ya kuma harbe Laftanar Kanar Abogo Largema a wani otal da ke gundumar Ikoyi a Legas. [14]

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan mutanen da aka yi yunkurin juyin mulkin, Manjo-Janar Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, ya kama makircin kuma ya tsere daga kama shi. Daga nan ya fara matsawa kan wadanda suka yi masa juyin mulki. Daga karshe Ironsi ya sami nasarar hana juyin mulkin sannan ya karbi mulki da kansa. [14] A yayin wadannan abubuwan, Firayim Minista Balewa ya mutu yayin da yake tsare da Ifeajuna. Jami'an 'yan sanda sun ba da rahoto game da yanayin mutuwarsa (wanda har yanzu ba a sake bayani ba) suna iƙirarin cewa Ifeajuna ya harbe Balewa yayin da yake tuki zuwa Abeokuta kuma ya bar gawar a hanya. Wasu na ikirarin cewa ba da gangan aka kashe Balewa ba (ganin cewa shi ba ya daga cikin wadanda aka yi yunkurin juyin mulkin), amma dai ya mutu ne sakamakon cutar asma ko bugun zuciya a lokacin tsananin. Wannan batun har yanzu ba a warware shi ba na tarihin yunƙurin juyin mulkin shekarar 1966. [3]

Kisa da gado[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Bayan matakin da Ironsi ya yi game da juyin mulkin, abokan Ifeajuna Christopher Okigbo da JP Clark sun taimaka masa ya tsallaka kan iyaka zuwa Dahomey (yanzu Benin) sannan ya wuce zuwa Ghana inda shugabanta Kwame Nkrumah ya yi masa maraba.[15]An kifar da mulkin Nkrumah jim kaɗan bayan haka kuma Ifeajuna ya dawo Najeriya bayan tabbatarwa daga Emeka Ojukwu cewa rayuwarsa ba za ta kasance cikin haɗari ba. Ya sake shiga aikin soja, a wannan karon a cikin Sojojin Biyafara - Jamhuriyyar Biafra ta ayyana ballewa daga Najeriya, ta fara yakin basasar Najeriya . Ifeajuna, Victor Banjo, Phillip Alale da Sam Agbam da Ojukwu ya zarga da sasantawa da jami’an gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya, ta hanyar wakilan Burtaniya, da fatan za su kawo tsagaita wuta, su hambarar da Ojukwu, su sami manyan mukamai da kansu. An hanzarta yi musu shari'a kuma an yanke musu hukuncin kisa ta hanyar harbi saboda cin amanar ƙasa. Ifeajuna ya yi ikirarin cewa shirin shi ne don kare rayukan fararen hula a Enugu daga farmakin da sojojin tarayya za su kawo musu. An kashe Ifeajuna da abokan hadin gwiwar sa uku a ranar 25 ga watan Satumba shekarar 1967. [3] [16] Sojojin tarayyar Najeriya sun kame Enugu, babban birnin Biafra bayan kwana biyu. [17]

Ifeajuna ya sami gado mai hade. Wannan rubutun nasa da ba a buga ba ya ja hankali sosai, ciki har da na Olusegun Obasanjo, janar din soja kuma yanzu tsohon Shugaban Najeriya . [4] [18] Mutane da yawa suna ganin yunkurin juyin mulkin na shekarar 1966 a matsayin wani shiri ne na Ibo, duk da cewa wadanda suka yi makircin sun hada da wadanda ba ‘yan kabilar Igbo ba, wasu wadanda aka yi yunkurin juyin mulkin‘ yan kabilar Ibo ne, kuma Janar Ironsi wanda ya hana juyin mulkin shi kansa dan Ibo ne. Ana ganin rubutun a matsayin tushe na tarihi mai yiwuwa don kimanta duk launin fatar har zuwa juyin mulki da rawar da Ifeajuna ke ciki, wanda ya kasance daga mai haɗa kai zuwa shugaban masu ilimi. [10] [14]

Ifeajuna bai yi fice ba ko kuma nuna fifiko a tarihin yakin basasar Najeriya. Yayin da dan uwansa Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu wanda ya yi juyin mulki a shekarar 1966 aka kawata shi a matsayin jarumin yaki kuma an kafa mutum-mutumi a garinsu, Ifeajuna bai samu karbuwa ba sosai. [19] Bayan rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2011, tsohon shugaban Biafra Ojukwu ya samu yabo mafi girma daga Najeriya kuma jana’izarsa ya samu halartar Shugaban Najeriya Goodluck Jonathan.[20][21][22]

A wata hira da aka yi da shi a shekarar 1992, Ojukwu ya yi watsi da ikirarin cewa Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu shi ne jagoran wannan makarkashiyar, kamar yadda aka yi amannar. Wani rahoto na Musamman na Ofishin ‘Yan Sanda na Najeriya, sashinta na farko an sake shi wani bangare kuma an rasa na biyun, ya bayyana cewa Ifeajuna, Don Okafor da Kyaftin Ogbu Oji su ne suka kirkiro kuma suka nuna goyon baya ga yunkurin juyin mulkin a shekarar 1965, inda kawai Ojukwu ya shiga cikin wani mataki na makara. [23] Wasu na ganin Ifeajuna a matsayin wanda ya kashe Firayim Minista Balewa, wanda ya durkusar da Jamhuriya ta Farko kuma ya haifar da yakin basasa.[24]Babu wani bincike da aka yi a jikin Balewa kuma babu tabbacin cewa an harbe shi. Rahotannin da aka bayar game da rahoton sun kuma gano gawarsa a zaune kusa da wata bishiya, kusa da gawar ministan kudi Festus Okotie-Eboh, wanda aka harbe kuma yana tsakiyar zargin cin hanci da rashawa. [25]

Ayyukan siyasa na bin ƙa'idodin wasan kwaikwayon sun mamaye tasirin Ifeajuna a cikin tarihin wasanni na Black Africa. [3]

Rayuwar mutum[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A lokacin da yake jami'a, Ifeajuna ya sadu da matarsa Rose a shekara ta 1955. Bayan shekara huɗu sai ma'auratan suka yi aure kuma suka ci gaba da samun 'ya'ya maza biyu. [3]

Rikodin gasar ƙasa da ƙasa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Shekara Gasa Wuri Matsayi Taron Bayanan kula
1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games Vancouver, Canada 1st High jump 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m)

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ "Emmaunel Ifeajuna" Archived 2021-03-05 at the Wayback Machine. Brinkster. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Siollun, Max (2005-10-30). "The Inside Story Of Nigeria’s First Military Coup (I)". Nigeria Matters. Retrieved on 2014-07-13.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Oliver, Brian (2014-07-13). "Emmanuel Ifeajuna: Commonwealth Games gold to facing a firing squad". The Guardian. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Onyema, Henry (2013-10-23). "EMMANUEL IFEAJUNA – The Man Called Emma Vancouver" Archived 2020-08-18 at the Wayback Machine. Naija Stories. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  5. ↑ Major Emmanuel Ifeajuna Archived 14 ga Yuli, 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Ilesa Grammar School. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  6. ↑ "E Ifeajuna, old student of Ilesha Grammar School" Archived 2014-07-15 at Archive.today. World Igbo Congress. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Commonwealth Game Medallists (Men). GBR Athletics. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  8. ↑ 1952 Summer Olympics Report. LA Foundation 1984. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  9. ↑ Oliver, Brian (2014-07-13). "Emmanuel Ifeajuna: Commonwealth Games gold to facing a firing squad". The Guardian. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "The Journey of a Manuscript". AuthorMe. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  11. ↑ Onyema, Henry (2013-10-23). "EMMANUEL IFEAJUNA – The Man Called Emma Vancouver" Archived 2020-08-18 at the Wayback Machine. Naija Stories. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  12. ↑ "1966 Coup: The last of the plotters dies" Archived 2016-06-04 at the Wayback Machine. Nigeria Vanguard (2007-03-20). Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  13. ↑ Siollun, Max (2005-10-30). "The Inside Story Of Nigeria’s First Military Coup (I)". Nigeria Matters. Retrieved on 2014-07-13.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Siollun, Max (2006-07-12). "The Inside Story Of Nigeria’s First Military Coup (2)". Nigeria Matters. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  15. ↑ Obasi, Emaka (2014-04-11). "Ifeajuna: A jumper’s January jeremiad" Archived 11 Oktoba 2014 at the Wayback Machine. The New Telegraph. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  16. ↑ Awoyokun, Damola. "Why I killed Victor Banjo, Ifeajuna and others – Ojukwu" Archived 2018-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. PWC Review. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  17. ↑ Omoigui, Nowa. "The Key Players of the 1966 Rebellions-Where Are They Today?". Dawodu. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  18. ↑ Odia Ofeimun, "The Forgotten Documents Of The Nigerian Civil War". Sahara Reporters (2012-10-12). Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  19. ↑ Oliver, Brian (2014). The Commonwealth Games: Extraordinary Stories behind the Medals, p. 112. Bloomsbury Publishing. 08033994793.ABA
  20. ↑ "At Ojukwu memorial in Dallas, USAfrica's Chido Nwangwu challenges Igbo nation to say 'never again' like Jews". USAfrica. 2012-02-06. Retrieved 2014-04-04.
  21. ↑ Isiguzo, Christopher; Osondu, Emeka (3 March 2012). "Goodnight Ikemba Ojukwu". THISDAY LIVE. Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
  22. ↑ McFadden, Robert D. (2011-11-26). "Odumegwu Ojukwu, Leader of Breakaway Republic of Biafra, Dies at 78". New York Times. Retrieved 2014-04-04.
  23. ↑ Chukwuemeka Onyema, Henry. "The Shot That Shook The Nation. Reflections On The January 15, 1966 Coup". AuthorMe. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  24. ↑ Obasi, Emaka (2014-04-11). "Ifeajuna: A jumper’s January jeremiad" Archived 11 Oktoba 2014 at the Wayback Machine. The New Telegraph. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
  25. ↑ Ogunseitan, O'seun (2010-09-05)."Balewa was not killed by soldiers —Mbu". The Nation Nigeria. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
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