Rikicin Neja Delta 2016

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Rikicin Neja-Delta na 2016 wani rikici ne da ke faruwa a yankin Niger Delta na Najeriya a yunkurin ballewa daga yankin,wanda wani bangare ne na kasar Biafra.Hakan ya biyo bayan rikicin kai-da-kai a yankin kudancin Neja-Delta da kiristoci ke da rinjaye a shekarun baya,da kuma tada kayar baya a yankin arewa maso gabas na musulmi.

Fage[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kamar sauran kasashen Afirka,Biritaniya Najeriya ta tara jama'a wuri guda domin gudanar da mulki ba tare da mutunta bambancin addini,yare da kabilanci ba.[1] Yankin ya zama wani yanki na yankin Neja Coast Protectorate a cikin 1890s lokacin da al'ummomin Neja Delta suka rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya da turawan mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya.A shekarar 1900 ne aka mamaye yankin Kudancin Najeriya ba tare da tuntubar mutanen yankin ba.Daga nan sai aka hade Kudancin Najeriya da yankin Arewacin Najeriya a shekarar 1914 duk da bambancin siyasa da al'adu da ke tsakanin kabilu daban-daban.[2]Najeriya wacce ta samu ‘yancin kai daga kasar Ingila a shekarar 1960, tana da al’umma miliyan 60 da suka kunshi kusan 300 kabilu da al’adu daban-daban.[3]

Man fetur din Najeriya wanda ya zama tushen samun kudin shiga na farko bayan samun 'yancin kai daga daular Burtaniya,yana kudancin kasar ne.‘Yan awaren yankin Biafra da ‘yan kabilar Igbo suka mamaye a shekarar 1967 ta samu yankin mai arzikin man fetur wanda ya taka rawa a yakin basasar Najeriya.[4] Duk da haka, gwamnatocin baya sun yi watsi da ci gaban yankin.Sakamakon haka,yankin ya kasance yanki mafi talauci da koma baya a kasar.[5]Ruwan yankin ma ya zama gurbace sosai saboda malalar miliyoyin ton na mai.Saboda wadannan dalilai ne ya sa yankin ya yi fama da ta'addanci.[6]

Al'ummar yankin dai sun yi zanga-zangar nuna rashin amincewarsu da mummunan tasirin da harkar mai ke haifarwa,cin hanci da rashawa da kuma rashin ci gaba.A shekarun baya-bayan nan dai kungiyoyin tsagerun da ke neman sarrafa albarkatun man sun tsunduma cikin harkar satar mai da tashe-tashen hankula wanda a wasu lokutan ma ake ikirarin daukar fansa kan cin zarafin al’ummar yankin da masana’antar mai ke yi.[7]An gudanar da wani mummunan tashin hankali a karkashin tutar kungiyar MEND mai fafutukar neman 'yantar da yankin Niger Delta,har sai da aka yi yarjejeniya ta afuwa a shekarar 2009 da Marigayi Shugaba Umaru Musa 'Yar'aduwa ya yi.Zaben da aka yi wa Goodluck Jonathan ( Kirista )a matsayin shugaban Najeriya ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsagaita bude wuta da ya fito daga yankin kuma ana ganin ya tausaya mata.[ana buƙatar hujja]</link> ne bayan zaben Muhammadu Buhari ( Musulmi )a matsayin shugaban kasa a 2015.Hakan ya biyo bayan rade-radin da ake ta yadawa cewa Buhari na tunanin yin watsi da yarjejeniyar afuwa da kuma mahimmiyar rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin Arewa da Kudu da Musulmi da Kirista.

Rikici[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Fabrairu – Agusta 2016[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An fara tashe bama-bamai kan ma'aikatun mai a watan Fabrairun 2016.Daga nan ne kungiyar Niger Delta Avengers (NDA) ta bayyana samuwar ta a watan Maris na shekarar 2016.Kungiyar ta NDA ta bayyana manufarta ita ce samar da kasa mai cin gashin kanta kuma sun yi barazanar kawo cikas ga tattalin arzikin Najeriya domin cimma burinsu.[8]Kungiyar ta kuma soki shugaban Najeriya Muhammadu Buhari da cewa bai taba ziyartar yankin ba da kuma yadda yake tsare shugaban kungiyar masu fafutukar kafa kasar Biyafara (IPOB) Nnamdi Kanu, wanda ya ce ba ya da alaka da MEND ko NDA.Wata kungiya mai suna Red Egbesu Water Lions daga baya ta bulla a watan Mayun 2016 inda ta bukaci a sake shi,da kuma na tsohon mai ba shugaban kasa shawara kan harkokin tsaro Sambo Dasuki.Ta kuma bukaci hukumar da ke yaki da masu yi wa tattalin arzikin kasa zagon kasa da ta daskare asusun banki na gwamnatin Ekpemupolo,da kuma biyan diyya ba tare da wani sharadi ba ga wadanda bala'in mai na Bonga ya rutsa da su da kuma fashewar iskar gas na Chevron. Ta kuma yi barazanar rufe dukkan ayyukan hakar mai a yankin sakamakon rashin biyan bukatunta.Wata kungiya mai suna Egbesu Mightier Fraternity ta fito a cikin wannan watan inda ta bukaci a sako Kanu da Dasuki nan da kwanaki 14 sannan sojojin Najeriya su bar masarautar Gbaramatu su daina muzgunawa Ekpemupolo. Har ila yau ta yi barazanar tarwatsa dukkan wuraren da ke gabar tekun yankin idan gwamnati ta ki biya mata bukatunta.

Wata kungiya da ke kiran kanta Joint Niger Delta Liberation Force ta bulla a farkon watan Yunin 2016 kuma ta sha alwashin harba makamai masu linzami guda shida a yankin Niger Delta a ranar 7 ga watan Yuni.Ta kuma yi gargadin cewa za ta kakkabo duk wani jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu da aka girke a yankin, kuma zai iya rufe sararin samaniyar tauraron dan adam a cikin mako guda ta yadda za a katse hanyoyin sadarwa a cikin kasar.Haka kuma ta bukaci sojojin Najeriya da su bar al'ummar Ijaw .A ranar 7 ga watan Yuni, ta sake sabunta barazanarta tana mai ikirarin cewa za ta kai hari kan gine-ginen kasa da kayayyakin aikin mai a Legas,Abuja da Kaduna,da kuma dukkan sojojin da ke Legas, Abuja, Kaduna da Benue .

Daga nan ne rikici ya barke tsakanin bangarorin ‘yan ta’addan yayin da daya daga cikin kungiyoyin da ke kiran kansu Reformed Egbesu Boys na yankin Neja-Delta ba ta daya ta sanar da tsagaita bude wuta a ranar 13 ga watan Yuni. Duk da cewa kungiyar ta amince da sauran kungiyoyin kan dakatar da yakin,amma ta ki amincewa da bukatun Kanu da Dasuki.

Wata kungiya da ke kiran kanta da kungiyar agaji ta Red Squad ta Neja Delta ta bayyana kasancewar ta a karshen watan Yunin 2016.Kungiyar ta yi ikirarin cewa ta fasa bututun mai na Shell guda biyu a yankin Asa/Awarra sannan kuma ta yi barazanar kai hari kan manyan bututun mai a yankin Oguta Council,tare da rufe dukkan rijiyoyin mai na jihar Imo.

Bayan ‘yan kwanaki sai wata kungiya mai suna Adaka Boro Avengers ta bulla,inda ta yi barazanar lalata wuraren da ake hako mai tare da gargadin dukkanin kamfanonin mai da su fice daga yankin na Neja-Delta a cikin mako guda awatan Yuli, kngiyar ta sanar da cewa za ta ayyana kasa mai cin gashin kanta. 1ga watan Agusta kuma ya gargadi dukkan 'yan arewacin Najeriya da su bar yankin. Sa dai ta yi watsi da yunkurin ta a ranar da ya kamata ta ayyana kasa mai cin gashin kanta.

Wata kungiyar da ke kiran kanta Asawana Deadly Force of Niger Delta ita ma ta bulla a karshen watan Yunin 2016 inda ta bukaci yankin ya samu ‘yancin cin gashin kansa cikin ‘yan kwanaki tare da yin barazanar rufe hako mai a yankin idan har ta kasa cimma burinta.

A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli,wata sabuwar kungiya mai suna Niger Delta Revolutionary Crusaders (NDRC)ta kai hari a Brass Creek Manifold a jihar Bayelsa.A ranar 13 ga Yuli,kungiyar ta ayyana tsagaita bude wuta na makonni biyu.A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta fitar da wata sanarwa inda ta zargi 'yan arewacin Najeriya da yunkurin musuluntar da yankin domin karbe ikon man fetur din ta.Bayan da sabon shugaban kungiyar Boko Haram Abu Musab al-Barnawi ya yi barazanar kara kai hare-hare kan kiristoci da ruguza majami'u,NDRC,a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, ta yi barazanar kashe Musulmai tare da lalata masallatai idan 'yan Boko Haram suka kai hari.

A ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, Neja Delta Greenland Justice Mandate ta bayyana kasancewarta tare da yin barazanar lalata matatun mai a Fatakwal da Warri cikin sa'o'i 48,da kuma wata tashar iskar gas a Otu Jeremi cikin 'yan kwanaki. Washegari ne dai rahotanni suka ce kungiyar ta fasa wani babban bututun mai da Kamfanin Raya Man Fetur na Najeriya (NPDC)ke gudanar da shi a Isoko A ranar 12 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta yi gargadin cewa za ta kara fasa wasu gidajen mai a nan gaba.A ranar 19 ga watan Agusta, an ba da rahoton cewa kungiyar ta fasa bututun mai guda biyu mallakar NPDC a jihar Delta.

  1. David D. Laitin.
  2. James Ohwofasa Akpeninor.
  3. Kristin Henrard.
  4. Christopher N. Ekong, Ettah B. Essien, Kenneth U. Onye Civil Wars of the World: Major Conflicts Since World War II (2013).
  5. Karl DeRouen, Jr., Uk Heo The Economics of Youth Restiveness in the Niger Delta (2007).
  6. Jürgen Scheffran, Michael Brzoska, Hans Günter Brauch, P. Michael Link, Janpeter Schilling The Economics of Youth Restiveness in the Niger Delta (2012).
  7. E.M. Young Food and Development (2013).
  8. Empty citation (help)