Kasar Yarbawa

Kasar Yarbawa
Ilẹ̀ Káàárọ̀-Oòjíire (yo)
Wuri
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili	142,114 km²

Yorubaland (Yoruba: Ilẹ̀ Káàárọ̀-Oòjíire) is the homeland and cultural region of the Yoruba people in West Africa. It spans the modern-day countries of Nigeria, Togo and Benin, and covers a total land area of 142,114 square kilometres (54,871 sq mi). Of this land area, 106,016 km² (74.6%) lies within Nigeria, 18.9% in Benin, and the remaining 6.5% is in Togo. Prior to European colonization, a portion of this area was known as Yoruba country. The geo-cultural space contains an estimated 55 million people, the majority of this population being ethnic Yoruba.

Yanayin ƙasa

A zahiri, Yorubaland ya bazu a arewa daga Tekun Guinea da yamma daga Kogin Neja zuwa Benin da Togo. A cikin ɓangaren arewa, Yorubaland ya fara ne a cikin unguwanni da ke yammacin Lokoja kuma ya ci gaba ba tare da katsewa ba har zuwa Kogin Ogooué na Kogin Mono a Togo, nisan kusan kilomita 610. A kudu, ya fara ne a wani yanki da ke yammacin Benin da Osse (Ovia) kogin da Ilaje Yorubas suka mamaye kuma ya ci gaba ba tare da katsewa ba har zuwa Porto Novo, jimlar nisan kusan kilomita 280 yayin da hankaki ke Ƙashin. Yammacin Porto Novo Masu magana da Gbe sun fara rinjaye. Yankin arewa ya fi girma fiye da yankin kudancin bakin teku.  

Ƙasar tana da gandun daji na mangrove, estuaries da filayen bakin teku a kudu, waɗanda ke tashi a hankali zuwa arewa zuwa tuddai masu juyawa da yankin tsaunuka masu tsawo a cikin ciki, wanda aka fi sani da filin Yoruba ko Yammacin Yamma. Ana kiran tsaunuka a yankin Ekiti na yankin, musamman a kusa da tudun Effon da belin Okemesi, waɗanda ke da tsawo sama da 732 m (2,400 kuma suna da magudanan ruwa da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da yawa kamar Olumirin, Arinta waterfall, da Effon waterfall. An sami tsawo mafi girma a tsaunukan Idanre Inselberg, waɗanda ke da tsawo sama da mita 1,050 (3,440 ft). Gabaɗaya, shimfidar wuri na ciki ya ƙunshi ƙasa mai juyawa tare da wasu inselbergs da ke fitowa da ban mamaki daga faɗin da ke kewaye. Wasu sun hada da: tsaunukan Okeagbe: 790m, Ulusunta a Ikere Ekiti: 690m, tsaunukan Saki da Igbeti.  

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  Hill forest near Ikogosi
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  A hill lake near Ikole, Ekiti
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  The granite outcrops at Idanre, the tallest geographical feature in the western half of Nigeria
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  View of The Ogun River
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  Coastline near Badagry
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  Interior of central Yorubaland in the wet season
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  A section of the Efon ridge, part of the Okemesi fold belt
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  Asejire reservoir on the Osun river
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  Olumirin Waterfall at Erin-Ijesha

Koguna

Tare da filayen bakin teku, kudancin ƙasƙanci, da tsaunuka na ciki, Yorubaland yana da manyan koguna da rafi da yawa waɗanda ke ratsa ƙasar. Waɗannan koguna suna gudana a cikin manyan hanyOyi guda biyu a cikin ƙasar Yoruba; zuwa kudu zuwa cikin lagoons, estuaries da creeks waɗanda ke kwarara cikin Tekun Atlantika, da arewa zuwa Kogin Neja. Wasu koguna masu gudana zuwa kudu sun haɗa da; Kogin Oshin_River" id="mwhA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Osun River">Osun da Shasha waɗanda ke kwarara cikin Lekki Lagoon, Kogin Ogun da manyan yankunansa; Oyan da Ofiki waɗanda ke kwantar da su cikin Lagos Lagoon, saman Kogin Mono, Kogin Oba, Kogin Erinle, Kogin Yewa wanda ke kwarara zuwa cikin kogin Badagry, Kogin Okpara wanda ya zama wani ɓangare na iyakar Najeriya-Benin kafin ya sake shiga Benin don shiga Kogin Ouémé (Ofeek a cikin Kogin Nokoué da Porto-Novo. A gefen gabas, kogin Owena (Siluko), Ofosu da Osse sun shiga cikin kogin Benin. Wadanda ke gudana a arewacin Nijar sun hada da kogin Moshi, Oyun, Ƙashin, Awun, Asa, Ero da Oyi.

Rarrabawar ƙasashe

Yankin Najeriya na Yorubaland ya ƙunshi Ọyọ, Ọṣun, Ogun, Kwara, Ondo, Ekiti, Legas da yammacin Kogi. Yankin Benin ya kunshi Sashen Ouémé, Sashen Plateau, Sashen Collines, garin Tchaourou na Sashen Borgou, garin Bassila na Sashen Donga, Ouinhi da Zogbodomey na Sashen Zou, da kuma garin Kandi na Sashen Alibori. Yankunan Togo sune Ogou, Anié da Est-Mono prefectures a yankin Plateaux, da kuma Tchamba prefecture a yankin Centrale.

Shuke-shuke da yanayi

Yanayin Yorubaland ya bambanta daga arewa zuwa kudu. Yankin kudanci, tsakiya da gabashin yankin shine gandun daji mai zafi, wanda aka sani da Yoruba lowland forests ecoregion . Halin shuke-shuke shine gandun daji mai rufewa wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan bishiyoyi masu yawa ciki har da Milicia excelsa wanda aka fi sani da shi a cikin gida kafara iroko, Antiaris africana, Terminalia superba wanda aka sani da shi da asora, Entandrophragma ko sapele, Lophira alata, Triplochiton scleroxylon (ko obeche), Khaya grandifoliola (ko wasu nau'ikan Afirka), Symphonia globulifera, da yawa. Wasu nau'o'in da ba na asali ba kamar Tectona grandis (teak) da Gmelina arborea (itace mai laushi) an gabatar da su cikin yanayin halittu kuma ana girma sosai a cikin manyan shuke-shuke na gandun daji da yawa.

Yankin bakin teku na wannan yanki yana da yankin da aka rufe da filayen maras kyau kuma ya mamaye irin waɗannan tsire-tsire kamar mangroves da sauran tsire-shire na stilt gami da dabino, ferns da itatuwan kwakwa a kan rairayin bakin teku. Wannan ɓangaren ya haɗa da mafi yawan jihohin Ondo, Ekiti, Ogun, Osun, Legas kuma ana nuna shi ta hanyar yawan ruwan sama wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar sau biyu (lokaci mai girma); Maris-Yuli da Satumba-Nuwamba. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Ijebu Ode a tsakiyar jihar Ogun, alal misali, matsakaicin 2,020 millimeters ko 80 inci. Yankin shine cibiyar bunkasa koko, roba na halitta, Kola nut da masana'antar samar da dabino mai, da kuma katako mai riba. Jihohin Ondo, Ekiti da Osun sune manyan masu samar da koko a Najeriya, yayin da yankunan kudancin jihohin Ogun da Ondo (Odigbo, Okitipupa da Irele) ke karbar bakuncin manyan gonakin dabino da roba.

Yankunan arewa da yammacin yankin suna da yanayin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi (Aw), tare da ruwan sama guda ɗaya. Wannan yanki ya rufe arewacin kashi biyu bisa uku na Oyo, arewa maso yammacin Ogun, Kwara, Kogi, Collines (Benin), arewacin rabin sashen Plateau (Benin) da tsakiyar Togo. Yana daga cikin yankin gandun daji-savannah" id="mw9g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Savanna">Savanna na Guinea, wani yanki na wucin gadi tsakanin gandun daji na Yammacin Afirka da gandun daji masu ciki.[1] Wani ɓangare na wannan yankin ya samo asali ne daga savanna wanda aka taɓa rufe shi da gandun daji amma ya rasa murfin bishiyoyi saboda aikin gona da sauran matsin lamba a ƙasa. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a nan yana tsakanin millimeters 1,100 da 1,500 (43 da 59 in). Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Ilorin misali shine 1,220 millimeters ko 48.03 inci.[2] Nau'in bishiyoyi a nan sun haɗa da Blighia sapida wanda aka fi sani da ackee a Turanci da ishin a Yoruba, da Parkia biglobosa wanda shine itacen wake da aka yi amfani da shi wajen yin iru ko ogiri, kayan dafa abinci na gida.

Monsoon (lokacin ruwan sama) a cikin yankuna biyu na yanayi yana biye da lokacin bushewa wanda ke nuna iskar kasuwanci ta arewa maso yamma wanda ke kawo Harmattan (guguwar iska mai ƙura) wanda ke busawa daga Sahara. Yawanci suna shafar dukkan yankuna sai dai karamin yanki na kudancin gabar teku. Duk da haka, an ruwaito cewa Harmattan ya kai har zuwa Legas a wasu shekaru.

 

Rarrabawar gudanarwa

Yoruba
Kasar da ake kira Nijeriya
Jiha	Yankin (km2)	Babban birnin yankin	Birni mafi girma	Birni na biyu mafi girma
Jihar Ekiti	6,353	Ado Ekiti	Ado Ekiti	Ikere-Ekiti
Jihar Kogi	9,351	Lokoja	Kabba	Isanlu, Egbe
Jihar Kwara	17,000	Ilorin	Ilorin	Offa
Jihar Legas	3,345	Ikeja	Alimosho	Ikorodu
Jihar Ogun	16,762	Abeokuta	Otta-Ijoko-Ifo	Abeokuta
Jihar Ondo	15,500	Akure	Akure	Ondo, okitipupa
Jihar Osun	9,251	Osogbo	Osogbo	Ile-Ife, Ilesha
Jihar Oyo	28,454	Ibadan	Ibadan	Oyo, Ogbomoso
Yankin = 106,016 km2
Kasar Benin
Sashen	Yankin (km2)	Babban birnin yankin	Birni mafi girma	Birni na biyu mafi girma
Borgu (Shaworo)	5,000	____	Shaworo	Kpakpanin
Tuddan	12,440	Ibo Idaasha	Shabi	Idaasha
Donga (Bassila)	5,661	____	Bassila	Manigri
Filayen	3,264	Saketi	Pobe	Ketu, Saketi
Weme	500	Porto Novo	Porto Novo	Adjarra
Yankin ≈ 2,865 km2
Kasar Togo
Yankin	Yankin (km2)	Babban birnin yankin	Birni mafi girma	Birni na biyu mafi girma
Tsakiya (Chamba)	2,900	____	Kaboli	Alejo, Goubi
Filayen	6,482	Atakpame	Atakpame	An yi amfani da shi a matsayin Morita
Yankin ≈ 9,2 km2
Yankin Yoruba ≈ 142,114 km2