State Security Service (Nijeriya)

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
State Security Service
Bayanai
Iri government agency (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Najeriya
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira 5 ga Yuni, 1986

A Jami'an (SSS), A matsayin Department of State Services (Dss),[1] ne hukumomin tsaro na Najeriya da kuma daya daga uku gaje kungiyoyi da National Security Organization (NSO). Hukumar tana karkashin fadar shugaban kasa ta Tarayyar Najeriya, kuma tana kai rahoton ayyukanta ga ofishin hukumar NSA. Babban nauyin da ya rataya a wuyanta shi ne a cikin kasar kuma ya hada da yaki da leken asiri, tsaro na cikin gida, yaki da ta'addanci, da sa ido da kuma binciken wasu nau'ikan manyan laifuka da ake yiwa jihar. Ana kuma dorawa alhakin kare manyan jami’an gwamnati, musamman shugaban kasa, mataimakin shugaban kasa, gwamnonin jahohi da shugabannin jihohi da gwamnatocin da suka kai ziyara tare da iyalansu.

hedikwatar ta a Abuja . Kamar yadda shelar shugaban kasa ta 1999 ta nuna, hukumar SSS tana aiki ne a matsayin sashe a cikin ma’aikatar tsaro da kuma karkashinta mai baiwa shugaban kasa shawara kan harkokin tsaro .

Daraktoci Janar na SSS[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Daraktoci Janar na SSS Wa'adin Sabis
Alhaji Ismaila Gwarzo Yuni 1986 - Satumba 1990
Shugaban Albert Horsfall Satumba 1990 - Oktoba 1992
Chief Peter Nwaoduah Oktoba 1992 - Yuni 1998
Colonel Kayode Are (Rtd) Mayu 1999 - Agusta 2007
Afakriya Gadzama Agusta 2007 - Satumba 2010
Ita Ekpeyong Satumba 2010 - Yuli 2015
Lawal Musa Daura Yuli 2015 - Agusta 2018
Matthew Seiyefa (Ag) 7 ga Agusta 2018 - 14 Satumba 2018
Yusuf Magaji Bichi 14 Satumba 2018 - Yanzu

Asalin[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Cika daya daga cikin alkawuran da ya yi a jawabinsa na farko na kasa a matsayinsa na shugaban kasa, Ibrahim Babangida a watan Yunin 1986 ya bayar da doka mai lamba 19, ta rusa hukumar tsaro ta kasa (NSO) tare da sake fasalin jami'an tsaron Najeriya zuwa hukumomi uku daban-daban a karkashin ofishin kungiyar. kodinetan tsaron kasa. Hukumar tsaron farin kaya (SSS) ta dora alhakin leken asirin cikin gida, tare da Darakta Janar Ismaila Gwarzo da Mataimakin Darakta Laftanar Col. AK Togun. Hukumar leken asiri ta kasa (NIA) ta kula da bayanan sirri na waje da kuma hana leken asiri. Hukumar leken asiri ta tsaro (DIA) ce ke da alhakin gudanar da bayanan sirri da suka shafi sojoji a waje da cikin Najeriya.[2] Hedikwatar hukumar ta farko tana lamba 15, Awolowo road, Ikoyi a Legas ; A halin yanzu dai wannan rukunin yana dauke da hukumar yaki da masu yi wa tattalin arzikin kasa zagon kasa ta EFCC. Daga karshe dai an mayar da hedikwatar ta SSS zuwa Abuja a lokacin mulkin Janar Sani Abacha, hedkwatar da aka fi sani da "Yellow House", tana gefen arewa na shiyyar makamai uku a kan titin Aso a Maitama, Abuja.[ana buƙatar hujja]

Umarni[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Manufar hukumar SSS ita ce ta kare tare da kare Tarayyar Najeriya daga barazanar cikin gida, tabbatar da tabbatar da aiwatar da dokokin aikata laifuka a Najeriya, da samar da shugabanci da ayyukan shari'a ga hukumomin tarayya da na jihohi. Ana kuma tuhumar SSS da kare Shugaban kasa, Mataimakin Shugaban kasa, Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa, Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai, Gwamnonin Jihohi, danginsu, sauran manyan jami’an gwamnati, tsoffin shugabannin kasa da matansu, da wasu fitattun ‘yan takarar ofis. na Shugaban kasa, Mataimakin Shugaban kasa da Gwamnoni, da shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatocin kasashen waje da suka kai ziyara. Hukumar SSS a kullum ta saba da ayyuka daban-daban da ake bukata ta hanyar haifar da barazanar tsaro a Najeriya da suka hada da yaki da ta'addanci da masu tayar da kayar baya.

Nasara, gazawa da kuma kisa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Hukumar SSS ta yi nasara mai ma'ana wajen gudanar da aikin ta na tsaro na cikin gida na farko. Hukumar tun a farkon farko ta na da alaka da kama dan kunar bakin wake dan kasar Masar Omar Mohammed Ali Rezaq a shekarar 1993 a lokacin da yake kokarin shiga Najeriya ta kan iyakar Najeriya da Benin. Amurka dai na neman Rezaq ne saboda ya jagoranci harin bam da aka kai wa kungiyar Abu Nidal a jirgin EgyptAir a shekarar 1985 daga baya aka mika shi ga Amurka bayan an samu bukatar a hukumance daga ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Amurka.[3]

A watan Oktobar 2010, SSS sun kama tarin makamai da alburusai da suka samo asali daga Iran a tashar jirgin ruwa ta Apapa da ke Legas ; hakan duk da takunkumin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kakabawa Iran . Makaman da suka hada da makaman roka, harsasai da turmi, an boye su ne a cikin kwantena goma sha uku da aka bayyana karya a matsayin “kayan gini”, ana zargin cewa ana amfani da Najeriya ne a matsayin wurin jigilar kayayyaki yayin da Gambia ta kasance kasa ta karshe da za ta kai makaman.[4]

An kuma bayyana cewa hukumar ta kutsa kai cikin kungiyoyin masu tsattsauran ra'ayin addini a kasar ciki har da kungiyar Boko Haram . A cikin watan Satumban 2001, an kama wasu masu gabatar da kara guda shida 'yan Pakistan da kungiyar Tabliq, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta Musulmi ta gayyace a jihar Benue a jihar Benue bisa zarginsu da keta haddin shige da fice sannan aka kore su a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba. A cewar wikileaks, Mista Kayode Are, "Darekta Janar na SSS ya nuna damuwa game da kudaden da ake ba wa kungiyar, wanda ya zo ta hanyar wayar tarho daga Pakistan, Indiya da Malaysia ".[5] Hakazalika a cewar WikiLeaks, a shekarar 2009 an kama wani mai wa'azi mai tafiya a jihar Taraba kuma an kore shi.[6]

Hukumar SSS ta kuma samu wasu nasarori wajen yaki da masu garkuwa da mutane a Najeriya tare da kama wasu masu garkuwa da mutane tare da kubutar da wadanda suka mutu. A watan Oktobar 2011, hukumar ta ceto Limamin cocin Katolika na St Bernard Eguahulo a karamar hukumar Orhionmwon ta jihar Edo, Rev. Fr Sylvester Chukwura, daga maboyar wanda ya yi garkuwa da shi. Masu garkuwar dai an basu kudin fansa ne daga bisani jami’an SSS suka yi musu kwanton bauna. A lokaci guda kuma, hukumar SSS ta kuma kama wani mai garkuwa da mutane a jihar Edo mai suna Binebi Sibete, wanda aka bayyana shi a matsayin kasurgumin mai garkuwa da mutane. Ana neman Binebi da wasu abubuwa da ya kashe jami’in SSS a shekarar 2010 da kuma kona jirgin sintiri na gwamnatin jihar a Gelegele.[7]

An caccaki hukumar SSS kan barin Umar Farouk Abdul Mutallab, dan kunar bakin wando, ya shiga jirgin da ya tashi daga Legas daga Legas, duk da cewa mahaifinsa ya gargadi jami’an tsaro kan ra’ayin ‘ya’yansa masu tsauri kan Amurka.[8] A nata bangaren, SSS ta ce mahaifin Mista Mutallab bai sanar da ita ba game da ‘ya’yansa da ake zargi da tsatsauran ra’ayi, hukumar ta ce mahaifin Mista Mutallab ya tattauna da jami’ai a ofishin jakadancin Amurka da ke Abuja, kuma ya nemi taimakon wani tsohon mai ba Najeriya shawara kan harkokin tsaro. Hukumar SSS dai ta ce hukumomin Amurka ba su bayar da bayanan da Mista Mutallab babba ya ba su ba, haka kuma tsohon mai baiwa shugaban kasa shawara kan harkokin tsaro bai tuntubi hukumar ba don haka sun kasa yin aiki da bayanan da basu samu ba.

Haka kuma hukumar ta sha suka sosai sakamakon harin bam da aka kai a gidan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Abuja ranar 26 ga watan Agustan 2011. Kungiyar Boko Haram da ke da alaka da kungiyar Al-Qaeda reshen Magrib (AQIM) ta dauki alhakin harin bam da aka kai da mota wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane 24;[9] kungiyar ta sha fama da rikicin Boko Haram da ya faro sakamakon kashe shugabansu da 'yan sanda suka yi bayan kama shi. Al’ummar Najeriya dai na kara sukar hukumar ne bayan da jaridu suka yi ta yada labaran da ke cewa hukumar ta samu bayanan sirri game da harin bam daga Amurkawa. Daga baya wannan labarin ya zama karya ne bayan da aka bayyana cewa hukumar SSS ce ta samu wasu sahihan bayanan sirri daga wasu majiyoyi a cikin kungiyar Boko Haram game da wani hari da ke shirin kaiwa Abuja. Hukumar leken asirin ta bayyana wasu muhimman gine-gine da ma'aikatun gwamnati a matsayin harin, inda daga bisani hukumar ta kara kaimi a Abuja, sannan ta shawarci jami'an diflomasiyya da kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da ke birnin da su dauki kwararan matakan tsaro ga ma'aikatansu da wuraren. Rahoton na karshe na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan lamarin ya tuhumi mashawarcin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan harkokin tsaro a Abuja da mataimakinsa, ana zarginsu da sakaci idan aka yi la’akari da yadda aka ba su “isassun bayanan sirri kan yiwuwar harin kunar bakin wake”, amma duk da haka sun kasa aiwatar da matakan da suka dace. Dukkan mutanen biyu an sauke su daga mukamansu.[10]

A farkon watan Nuwamban shekarar 2011, jaridun Najeriya sun yi ta yada labaran da ke cewa gwamnatin Amurka ta ba da shawara kan tafiye-tafiye kan Najeriya.[11] Shawarwari na tafiye-tafiye a cewar jaridun ya hada da barazanar hare-haren bama-bamai a manyan otal-otal da ke Abuja da ‘yan kasashen waje ke yawan zuwa. Nan take labarin ya haifar da firgici a tsakanin jama’a da kuma zargin rashin iya aiki da ake yi wa jami’an tsaro, wato SSS. Labarin ya kuma yi zargin cewa jakadan na Amurka ya bayar da wata sanarwa da ke bayyana cewa Amurka ta yi wannan gargadin ne kai tsaye saboda hukumomin tsaron Najeriya sun gaza yin aiki da bayanan sirrin da aka raba musu a baya. A karshe dai an shawo kan lamarin ne a lokacin da mai ba shugaban kasa shawara kan harkokin tsaro, Gen. Owoye Andrew Azazi ya bukaci shaidun da ke nuna cewa lallai Amurkawa sun yi irin wannan gargadin ko kuma jakadan na Amurka ya fadi abin da aka alakanta shi da shi a jaridu.[12] Labarin ya zama karya ne, barazanar da ake yi wa otal-otal a haƙiƙanin binciken sirri ne na yiwuwar barazanar da hukumar SSS ta yi a watannin baya wanda aka yi ta yawo a cikin da’irar gwamnati. Hukumar SSS ta kasa sarrafa bayanai a kan lokaci kuma da ya dace wanda hakan ya sa jama’a suka rasa kwarin gwiwa ga kungiyar.

Hukumar ta yi asarar ma’aikata da dama a bakin aiki, yayin da ba a bayyana yawan mace-macen da aka yi a wasu lokuta a kafafen yada labarai ba. A yayin bikin cikar Najeriya shekaru 50 a Abuja a ranar 1 ga Oktoban 2010, wani bam da aka dana a mota ya halaka mataimakin daraktan hukumar da Mista Tahir Zakari Biu jami’in hukumar yaki da yi wa tattalin arzikin kasa zagon kasa ta EFCC a lokacin da suke kokarin kwashe motocin da aka yi watsi da su a bakin hanya. kilomita daga wurin da aka yi bikin.[13][14] Kungiyar fafutukar kwato yankin Neja Delta (MEND) ta dauki alhakin kai harin. Hukumar SSS ta samu nasarar gano rajistar motar da aka yi amfani da ita wajen kai harin inda daga bisani ta kama wasu da ake zargi a Legas, wanda ya shirya aikin Mista Henry Okah da hukumomin kasar Afirka ta Kudu suka kama aka gurfanar da shi a Afirka ta Kudu bisa zargin ta’addanci. A ranar 13 ga Afrilu, 2007 an harbe wani jami’in tsaro (SPO) da ke aiki da cikakken kariya na Mista Onyema Ugochukwu, dan takarar gwamnan jihar Abia a karkashin jam’iyyar PDP a shekarar 2007 a wani yunkurin kashe shugaban makarantarsa. An harbi mai tsaron lafiyar a ka da kuma a hannunsa. A shekarar 2013, an samu cikas a wani harin da jami’an tsaro suka kai a jihar Nasarawa da ke tsakiyar kasar domin kamo shugaban kungiyar asiri ta Ombatse wanda da yawa ke ikirarin cewa yana da karfin iko da ake amfani da shi wajen gurgunta wasu kabilu musamman Fulani, lamarin da ya haifar da dimbin jami’an tsaro. Ma’aikatan da suka mutu ciki har da wasu mutane shida na SSS da ake zargin an kashe ta hanyar amfani da karfin sihiri[15]

A cikin watan Fabrairun 2013, SSS ta tarwatsa wata kungiyar ta'addanci karkashin jagorancin jami'an Iran da ke tattara bayanan sirri don kai hare-hare a kan Amurka da Isra'ila a cikin kasar.[16]

Rigima[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin wani rahoto na musamman a ranar 29 ga Satumba, 2020, Peoples Gazette ta ruwaito dogon bayani da ke fallasa son zuciya da son zuciya a cikin daukar ma’aikatan Hukumar Tsaro ta Jihar da Bichi ke jagoranta, rahoton ya zama sananne da badakalar daukar ma’aikata ta SSS. Rahoton ya ruwaito majiyoyi da dama, ciki har da ma’aikatan hukumar, wadanda suka bayar da alkaluman yadda hukumar ta yi watsi da ka’idojin daukar ma’aikata domin fifita wasu daga kananan hukumomin babban daraktan hukumar da kuma yankin Arewacin Najeriya a kan yankin Kudu.[17][18]

Shugabanni a shiyyar Kudu da Tsakiyar Najeriya sun soki tsarin tare da yin barazanar gurfanar da hukumar tsaro ta farin kaya da babban darakta a gaban kotu.[19][20]

Duk da cewa an wargaza wannan shahararriyar hukumar ta NSO, sabuwar kafa ta tsaro a 1990 ta ci gaba da yin aiki ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma ba tare da wani hukunci ba. Gwamnati ta haramta ƙungiyoyi masu tsattsauran ra'ayi kamar NANS da Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Jami'o'i, ƙungiyar tsakiyar dukkanin malaman jami'a da malaman jami'a. An yi wa wasu 'yan kasa da ba su ji ba ba su gani ba hari ba tare da biyan diyya na gwamnati ba. An kiyaye haƙƙin ɗan adam sosai. Dokar mai lamba 2 ta ci gaba da kasancewa a cikinta, kuma an tsare ‘yan kasar da dama a karkashinta, duk da cewa an rage wa’adin da aka bari na tsarewa ba tare da tuhuma ba daga watanni shida zuwa makonni shida a watan Janairun 1990. Tare da taimakon wannan da wasu dokokin da suka tauye 'yanci, yawanci ana yin su ne a baya, ana tsare da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na gwamnati kamar Gani Fawehinmi, Tai Solarin, da Balarabe Musa a kai a kai. Duk da soke dokar lamba 4, gwamnati na da gogewa da yawa tare da kungiyoyin yada labarai. A cikin 1988 Newswatch an haramta shi na tsawon watanni shida, kuma an ci gaba da cin zarafin 'yan jarida, malamai, da masu fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a daga jami'an tsaron jihar.

Jami’an tsaron gwamnati na yawan cin zarafi, kamawa, da kuma tsare editoci da ‘yan jaridu daga mujallu masu sukar tsarin mulki. A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 1997 Aoetokunbo Fakeye, wakilin tsaro na The News, an kama shi. A ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, Jenkins Alumona, editan The News, jami'an SSS sun kama shi a wani gidan talabijin na Legas. A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, Onome Osifo-Whiskey, manajan editan mujallar Tell, jami’an SSS a Legas sun kama shi a lokacin da yake tuka mota zuwa coci tare da ‘ya’yansa. A ranar 29 ga Oktoba, Osifo-Whiskey ya yi gargadin cewa mujallar ta samu rubutacciyar barazanar kisa, wadda ta lissafa sunayen ma’aikatan 27. A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, jami'an SSS sun kama Babafemi Ojudu, editan News/Tempo . Rafiu Salau, editan gudanarwa na News/Tempo, an kuma kama shi a tsakiyar watan Nuwamba. An tsare tsohon shugaban hukumar editan jaridar The Guardian, kuma Farfesan aikin jarida da ya ziyarce shi a wata jami’ar Amurka, Olatunji Dare, an tsare shi cikin dare tare da kwace fasfo dinsa da ya zo daga Amurka a ranar 2 ga watan Yunin 1997. An ce ya kai rahoto ga hukumar DSS don karbo fasfo dinsa. Bayan da jami’an SSS suka yi masa tambayoyi a ranar 17 ga watan Yuni game da ayyukansa a kasashen waje, sai aka mayar da fasfo dinsa.

Ana kuma zargin hukumar SSS da murkushe ayyukan siyasa na kungiyoyin adawa. An soke ko hana tarurrukan jama'a ba bisa ka'ida ba, gami da al'amuran al'adu, taron ilimi, da tarukan 'yancin ɗan adam. A ranar 25 ga Satumbar 1997, 'yan sanda da jami'an SSS sun tarwatsa taron karawa juna sani na Human Rights Africa (HRA) ga dalibai a Jos, suka kama daraktan HARA Tunji Abayomi da wasu mutane 4, tare da tsare wasu dalibai 70 a takaice. An tsare Abayomi da sauran su na tsawon kwanaki 10 sannan aka bayar da belinsu. An soke wani taron bita a Fatakwal a ranar 1 ga Mayun 1998 kan yadda za a magance rikice-rikice a Fatakwal lokacin da hukumar SSS ta gargadi masu gudanar da taron na yankin cewa ba za a iya gudanar da irin wannan taro a ranar ma’aikata ba, wato ranar hutu. Irin wannan taron karawa juna sani a wani waje ya ci gaba ba tare da tsangwama ba duk da hutun.

Makamai da kayan aiki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tun daga shekarar 2010, daidaitattun bindigogin harin da SSS Combat Operatives/Security Protection Officers (SPO) ke amfani da su sune IMI Tavor Tar-21 da masana'antun Sojoji na Isra'ila suka samar da makamin kariya na sirri na FN P90 , bindigar FN F2000, duka biyu an kera su. ta FN Herstal ;[21] waɗannan bindigogi sun maye gurbin Uzi a matsayin makamin harin farko na SSS. Har ila yau, ma'aikatan suna amfani da makamai na gefe daban-daban da bindigogi daga masana'antun da yawa da suka hada da Beretta, Glock, da Browning .

Hukumar ya kuma tura van saka backscatter X-ray screeners daga Basix Technologies domin ganowa da bama (bama-bamai) saboda wani upsurge a fashewar bamabamai tasowa daga wani Boko Haram a arewa gabashin Najeriya . A cikin wannan aikin yaƙar ta'addanci, hukumar ta kuma yi amfani da jam'in IED ta wayar hannu don kariya ta VIP a wuraren jama'a kamar filayen wasa da kuma tsarin wayar hannu don amfani da ayarin motocin.

Saboda yawan masu amfani da wayar salula ta GSM a Najeriya da kuma yadda ake amfani da wayar salula a matsayin babbar hanyar sadarwa ta masu garkuwa da mutane da kuma 'yan ta'adda, ya sa hukumar ta samu damar dakile kiran waya . An tura masu kama lambar IMSI da masu gano hanyar sigina don shiga tsakani da bin diddigin hanyoyin sadarwar wayar GSM da tauraron dan adam .

Hukumar tana kula da jerin motocin alfarma masu sulke da kuma SUVs da ake amfani da su wajen jigilar shugaban kasa, mataimakin shugaban kasa da manyan baki masu ziyara. Sauran motocin galibi SUVs da Kamfanin Ford Motor Company, Toyota da Lexus ke samarwa kuma hukumar na amfani da su.[ana buƙatar hujja]

Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa (NIA) - Mai alhakin ayyukan leken asirin kasashen waje da ayyukan hana leken asiri
  • Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Tsaro (DIA) - Mai alhakin bayanan soja.
  • National Security Organisation (NSO) - Shugaban Hukumar Tsaro ta Jiha da Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ "FACT-CHECK: How Nigeria's secret police, SSS, is violating the law and illegally parading itself as DSS - Premium Times Nigeria". 26 August 2016.
  2. ↑ Nowa Omoigui. "NIGERIA: THE PALACE COUP OF AUGUST 27, 1985 PART II". Urhobo Historical Society. Archived from the original on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
  3. ↑ Derek, KJF, blackmax. "Torture, Rendition, and other Abuses against Captives in US Custody". historycommons.org. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)[dead link]
  4. ↑ Vanguard Newspapers. "Arms Seizure – Iran Behind Shipment – Security Agents". allafrica.com. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  5. ↑ United States Embassy, Abuja. "NIGERIA: cable 01ABUJA3238, NIGERIA: SSS DG ARE ON AL QAIDA". wikileaks.org. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  6. ↑ United States Embassy, Abuja. "Nigeria:cable 10ABUJA197, NIGERIAN SECURITY CHIEF BRIEFS FOREIGN PARTNERS ON MUTUAL". wikileaks.org. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  7. ↑ Osagie Otabor. "SSS rescues kidnapped Catholic Priest". thenationonlineng.net. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  8. ↑ www.africansinamericanewswatch.com. "Nigerian Terrorist Attempt to Bomb US Airline: Critical Family and National Questions". africansinamericanewswatch.com. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  9. ↑ www.allafrica.com. "UN House Bombing – Boko Haram Claims Responsibility". Vanguard Newspapers. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  10. ↑ Kingsley Omonobi; Daniel Idonor; Ikechukwu Nnochiri. "Boko Haram to mark nation's independence with bombings". vanguardngr.com. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  11. ↑ Seyi Gesinde; James Bwala. "US warns of fresh bomb blast in Abuja •Asks officials to stay away from luxury hotels •As UN condemns terrorist attacks, killings in Nigeria •Pope calls for end to violence". tribune.com.ng. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  12. ↑ http://www.nigerianewsdaily.com. "NSA Azazi Dismisses US Terror Warning Over Abuja Luxury Hotels". nigerianewsdaily.com. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  13. ↑ http://www.panapress.com. "Nigeria media filled with stories on security breaches at Nigeria@50". panapress.com. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  14. ↑ Mahmud Jega. "CP Zakari Biu – Down, Up and Down Again". daily Trust Newspapers. Retrieved 2012-01-20.
  15. ↑ http://www.myinfobell.com. "The Profile Of Theodore Ahamefule Orji". myinfobell.com. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  16. ↑ "Nigeria busts terror cell plotting attack on Israelis". The Times of Israel. AP. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
  17. ↑ Hillary Essien, Idris Ibrahim (29 September 2020). "EXCLUSIVE: SSS DG Bichi conducts secret, uneven recruitment; North: 535; South: 93". Peoples Gazette.
  18. ↑ "DSS Director-General, Bichi, Conducts Secret, Uneven Recruitment Into Agency With North Getting 535 Slots, South 93". Sahara Reporters. 29 September 2020.
  19. ↑ "Southern, Middle Belt Leaders Tackle Buhari over Lopsided Recruitment By DSS". This Day. 30 September 202.
  20. ↑ "Lopsided recruitment: Southern, Middle Belt leaders blast DSS D-G". Vanguard Newspaper. 30 September 2020.
  21. ↑ Beegeagle's Blog. "NIGERIA: STATE SECURITY SERVICE IN PICTURES". beegeagle.wordpress.com. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
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