Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Afirka

Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Afirka
	;
Bayanai
Iri	international organization (en)
Mamallaki	Taraiyar Afirka
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1991

Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka ( AEC ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashen Tarayyar Afirka da ke kafa tushen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin juna tsakanin yawancin ƙasashen Afirka . Manufofin kungiyar da aka bayyana sun hada da samar da yankunan ciniki cikin 'yanci, kungiyoyin kwastam, kasuwa guda, babban bankin kasa, da kudin bai daya (duba kungiyar lamuni ta Afirka ta IMF ) ta haka ne aka kafa kungiyar hada-hadar kudi da tattalin arziki .

Shikashikai[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A halin yanzu akwai ƙungiyoyin yanki da yawa a Afirka, waɗanda kuma aka sani da Community Economic Communities (RECs), waɗanda yawancinsu suna da mambobi iri ɗaya. RECs sun ƙunshi da farko ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci da, a wasu lokuta, wasu haɗin gwiwar siyasa da soja. Yawancin waɗannan RECs sune "ginshiƙai" na AEC, yawancinsu kuma suna da ci gaba a wasu ƙasashe membobinsu. Saboda wannan babban rabo na jeri yana yiwuwa wasu jihohi masu mambobi da yawa a ƙarshe za su fice daga ɗaya ko fiye da RECs. Da yawa daga cikin waɗannan ginshiƙai kuma sun ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙaƙƙarfan kwastan da/ko ƙungiyoyin kuɗi na kansu

Waɗannan ginshiƙai da ƙungiyoyin da ke daidai da su sune kamar haka:

Pillars	Ƙungiya
Al'ummar Jihohin Sahel-Saharan (CEN-SAD)
Kasuwar gama gari na Gabashi da Kudancin Afirka (COMESA)
Ƙungiyar Gabashin Afirka (EAC)
Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasar Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECACAS/CEEA)	Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki da Kuɗi na Afirka ta Tsakiya (CEMAC)
Kungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Kasashen Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS)	Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki da Kudi ta Afirka ta Yamma (UEMOA) </br> Yankin Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ)
Kungiyar raya kasashe masu ci gaba (IGAD)
Ƙungiyar Ci gaban Afirka ta Kudu (SADC)	Kungiyar Kwastam ta Kudancin Afirka (SACU)
Arab Maghreb Union (UMA)

Jigajigan mambobinsu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

CEN-SAD
Founding states (1998): Template:BFA Template:CHA Template:LBA Template:MLI Template:NIG Template:SUD Joined later: 1999: Template:CAF 1999: Template:ERI 2000: Template:DJI 2000: Template:GAM 2000: Template:SEN 2001: Template:EGY 2001: Template:MAR 2001: Nijeriya 2001: Template:SOM 2001: Template:TUN 2002: Template:BEN 2002: Template:TOG 2004: Template:CIV 2004: Template:GNB 2004: Template:LBR 2005: Template:GHA 2005: Saliyo 2007: Template:COM 2007: Template:GIN 2008: Template:KEN 2008: Template:MRT 2008: Template:STP

COMESA
Founding states (1994): Template:BDI Template:COM Template:DRC Template:DJI Template:ERI Template:ETH Template:KEN Template:MAD Template:MWI Template:MRI Template:RWA Template:SUD Template:SWZ Template:UGA Template:ZAM Template:ZIM Joined later: 1999: Template:EGY 2001: Template:SEY 2006: Template:LBA 2018: Template:TUN 2018: Template:SOM
Former members: 1994-1997: Template:LES 1994-1997: Template:MOZ 1994-2000: Template:TAN 1994-2004: Template:NAM 1994-2007: Template:AGO

EAC
Founding states (2001): Template:KEN Template:TAN Template:UGA Joined later: 2007: Template:BDI 2007: Template:RWA 2016: Template:SSD 2022: Template:DRC

ECOWAS
Founding states (1975): Template:BEN ^UEMOA-94 Template:BFA ^UEMOA-94 Template:CIV ^UEMOA-94 Template:GAM ^WAMZ-00 Template:GHA ^WAMZ-00 Template:GUI ^WAMZ-00 Template:GNB ^UEMOA-97 Template:LBR ^WAMZ-10 Template:MLI ^UEMOA-94 Template:NIG ^UEMOA-94 Nijeriya ^WAMZ-00 Template:SEN ^UEMOA-94 Saliyo ^WAMZ-00 Template:TOG ^UEMOA-94 Joined later: 1976: Template:CPV
Former members: 1975-2002: Template:MTN
Template:Smalldiv

Farashin ECCAS
Kasashen kafa (1985): </img> Burundi </img> Kamaru ^CEMAC-99 </img> Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya ^CEmac-99 </img> Chadi ^CEMAC-99 Jamhuriyar Kwango</img> Jamhuriyar Kwango ^CEMAC-99 Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango</img> Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango </img> Equatorial Guinea ^CEMAC-99 </img> Gabon ^CEMAC-99 </img> Rwanda ^{ta janye 2007 -2016} </img> Sao Tomé da Principe An shiga daga baya: 1999:</img> Angola
CEmac-99: Jihar CEmac daga 1999

IGAD
Kasashen kafa (1986): </img> Djibouti </img> Habasha </img> Kenya </img> Somaliya </img> Sudan </img> Uganda An shiga daga baya: 1993:</img> Eritrea 2011:</img> Sudan ta Kudu

</br>

UMA ¹
Kasashen kafa (1989): </img> Aljeriya </img> Libya </img> Mauritania </img> Maroko </img> Tunisiya

SADC
Kasashen kafa (1980): </img> Angola </img> Botswana ^SACU-70 </img> Lesotho ^SACU-70 </img> Malawi </img> Mozambique </img> Eswatini ^SACU-70 </img> Tanzaniya </img> Zambiya </img> Zimbabwe An shiga daga baya: 1990:</img> Namibia ^SACU-90 1990:</img> Afirka ta Kudu ^SACU-70 1995:</img> Mauritius 1997: Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango</img> Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango 1997:</img> An janye ^2004-2007 2005:</img> Madagascar
Template:Smalldiv

¹ UMA ( Ƙungiyar Larabawa ta Magrib ) ba ta shiga cikin AEC ba ya zuwa yanzu, saboda adawa da Maroko

Matsakaicin kwatanta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Template:Supranational African Bodies

Sauran gungun[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sauran ƙungiyoyin yanki na Afirka, ba sa shiga cikin tsarin AEC (da yawa daga cikinsu sun riga da AEC) sune:

Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA) (kungiyar mafi yawan jihohin Gabas ta Tsakiya, gami da waɗanda ke wajen Afirka)
Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙi na Ƙasashen Manyan Tafkuna (CEPGL)
Hukumar Tekun Indiya (COI)
Hukumar Liptako-Gourma (LGA)
Mano River Union (MRU)

Mambobin su kamar haka:

GAFTA ¹	CEPGL	COI	LGA	MRU
Mambobin 2005: </img> Masar </img> Libya </img> Maroko </img> Sudan </img> Tunisiya An shiga daga baya: 2009:</img> Aljeriya	1976 Membobi: </img> Burundi Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango</img> Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango </img> Rwanda	1984 memba: </img> Comoros </img> Madagascar </img> Mauritius </img> Seychelles	1970 membobinsu: </img> Burkina Faso </img> Mali </img> Nijar	1973 Membobi: </img> Laberiya Saliyo</img> Saliyo An shiga daga baya: 1980:</img> Gini 2008: Ivory Coast</img> Ivory Coast

¹ Membobin GAFTA na Afirka ne kawai aka jera.

GAFTA da MRU su ne kawai ƙungiyoyin da ba a tsaya a halin yanzu ba.

Manufa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kungiyar AEC da aka kafa ta hanyar yarjejeniyar Abuja, wacce aka sanya wa hannu a shekarar 1991 kuma ta fara aiki a 1994 ana sa ran za a samar da shi a matakai shida:

(aka kammala a 1999) Ƙirƙirar ƙungiyoyin yanki a yankunan da ba a wanzu ba tukuna
(wanda aka kammala a cikin 2007) Ƙarfafa haɗin kai-REC da haɗin kai tsakanin REC
(wanda aka kammala a shekarar 2021) Samar da yankin ciniki cikin 'yanci da kungiyar kwastam a kowace kungiyar shiyya.
(wanda za'a kammala shi a cikin 2023) Kafa ƙungiyar kwastam ta faɗin nahiyar (da haka kuma yankin ciniki cikin 'yanci)
(wanda za'a kammala a cikin 2025) Kafa Kasuwar gamayya ta Afirka (ACM)
(wanda za'a kammala a cikin 2028) Kafa ƙungiyar tattalin arziki da hada-hadar kuɗi ta Nahiyar gaba ɗaya (da haka kuma ƙungiyar kuɗi ) da Majalisar

Ƙarshen duk lokacin miƙa mulki: 2034 a ƙarshe

Ci gaban matakai[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

daga Satumba 2007

Mataki na 1: An Kammala, Membobin Ƙungiyar Larabawa na Maghreb kawai da Jamhuriyar Sahrawi ba sa shiga. Somaliya na shiga, amma har yanzu ba a aiwatar da aikin ba.
Mataki na 2: Ci gaba a tsaye, babu wani abu na gaskiya don dubawa.^[1]^[2]
Mataki na 3:

	Ƙungiyoyin yanki - ginshiƙan Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Afirka (AEC)
Ayyuka	CEN-SAD	COMESA	EAC	Farashin ECCAS		ECOWAS			IGAD	SADC		UMA
Ayyuka	CEN-SAD	COMESA	EAC	CEMAC	Na kowa	UEMOA	WAMZ	Na kowa	IGAD	SACU	Na kowa	UMA
Yankin Kasuwanci Kyauta	tsayawa	ci gaba ¹	cikakken a cikin karfi	cikakken a cikin karfi	gabatarwa don 2007 ?	cikakken a cikin karfi		shawara	tsayawa	cikakken a cikin karfi	ci gaba ²	tsayawa
Kungiyar Kwastam	tsayawa	samarwa don 2008	cikakken a cikin karfi	cikakken a cikin karfi	samarwa don 2011 ?	cikakken a cikin karfi		gabatarwa don 2007	tsayawa	cikakken a cikin karfi	samarwa don 2010	tsayawa

Membobin ¹ da ba su shiga ba tukuna: DR Congo (a cikin tattaunawa don shiga), Eritrea, Habasha, Seychelles (a cikin tattaunawar shiga), Swaziland (a kan raguwa har sai SACU ta ba da izinin Swaziland ta shiga FTA), Uganda (don shiga nan da nan)

Membobi ² ba su shiga ba tukuna: Angola, DR Congo, Seychelles

Mataki na 4: A watan Maris na shekarar 2018, kasashen Afirka 49 ne suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar ciniki cikin 'yanci ta Nahiyar Afirka wadda za ta share fagen samun yankin ciniki cikin 'yanci na nahiyar baki daya. Yankin ciniki cikin 'yanci na nahiyar ya fara aiki ne a watan Yulin shekarar 2019, bayan amincewa 22. Tun daga shekarar 2021, masu sanya hannu 34 sun zama sassan yarjejeniyar yadda ya kamata.
Mataki na 5: babu ci gaba tukuna
Mataki na 6: babu ci gaba tukuna

Gabaɗaya ci gaba[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

		Ayyuka
Ƙungiyar yanki		Yankin Kasuwanci Kyauta	Ƙungiyar tattalin arziki da kuɗi			Tafiya Kyauta		Yarjejeniyar siyasa	Yarjejeniyar tsaro
Ƙungiyar yanki		Yankin Kasuwanci Kyauta	Kungiyar Kwastam	Kasuwa Daya	Ƙungiyar Kuɗi	Babu Visa	Rashin iyaka	Yarjejeniyar siyasa	Yarjejeniyar tsaro
AEC		Wani bangare A Karfi	an tsara don 2023	an tsara don 2023	an tsara don 2028	an tsara don 2023	an tsara don 2023	an tsara don 2028	an tsara don 2028
CEN-SAD		samarwa don 2010
COMESA		a karfi ¹	samarwa don 2008	?	samarwa don 2018
EAC		cikin karfi	cikin karfi	samarwa don 2015	an tsara don 2024	an tsara don 2018	?	an tsara don 2023
Farashin ECCAS	CEMAC	cikin karfi	cikin karfi	?	cikin karfi
Farashin ECCAS	Na kowa	gabatarwa don 2007 ?	samarwa don 2011 ?	shawara	shawara	shawara	?		cikin karfi
ECOWAS	UEMOA	cikin karfi	cikin karfi	shawara	cikin karfi
	WAMZ			?	samarwa don 2012
	Na kowa	shawara ²	gabatarwa don 2007	shawara	shawara	a karfi ¹	shawara	shawara	cikin karfi
IGAD
SADC	SACU	cikin karfi	cikin karfi		de facto inforce ¹	?
SADC	Na kowa^{^{[ <span title="Dead link tagged June 2017">matacciyar hanyar haɗin gwiwa ta dindindin</span> ]}}	an tsara don 2008 ³	samarwa don 2010	samarwa don 2015	samarwa don 2016
UMA

¹ ba duk membobi ke shiga ba tukuna

² sadarwa, sufuri da makamashi - samarwa

³ kayayyaki masu mahimmanci da za a rufe daga 2012
Template:African Economic Community

Yankin ciniki cikin 'yanci na Afirka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A ranar Laraba 22 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 2008 ne shugabannin kasashen yankin kudancin Afirka (SADC) da kungiyar COMESA da kuma kungiyar kasashen gabashin Afirka (EAC) suka bayyana yankin ciniki cikin ' yanci na Afirka (AFTZ).

A watan Mayun 2012 an tsawaita ra'ayin zuwa ECOWAS, ECCAS da AMU. ^[3]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

↑ Kede, Shoshana (2 April 2019). "Africa free trade agreement gets last ratification from Gambia". AfricanBusinessMagazine.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
↑ "AfCFTA Agreement secures minimum threshold of 22 ratification as Sierra Leone and the Saharawi Republic deposit instruments". African Union. 29 April 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
↑ Africa free trade zone in operation by 2018

[AfricanBusiness-1] Kede, Shoshana (2 April 2019). "Africa free trade agreement gets last ratification from Gambia". AfricanBusinessMagazine.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.

[AUInt-2] "AfCFTA Agreement secures minimum threshold of 22 ratification as Sierra Leone and the Saharawi Republic deposit instruments". African Union. 29 April 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2020.

[3] Africa free trade zone in operation by 2018

[1]

[2]

[3]