Auren mace fiye da daya a Najeriya

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Yawancin Jahohin Musulmai 12 sun kasance a arewacin Najeriya inda auren mata da yawa ya zama doka.

A ƙarƙashin dokar farar hula,[1] Najeriya ba ta amince da ƙungiyoyin auren mata da yawa ba. Koyaya, 12 daga cikin jihohin Najeriya 36 sun amince da auren mata da yawa daidai da auren mace ɗaya. Dukkanin jihohi goma sha biyu suna karkashin Dokar Shari'a. Jihohin, waɗanda duk suna arewa, sun haɗa da jihohin Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Nijar, Sokoto, Yobe, da Zamfara[2] wanda ke ba da damar mutum ya ɗauki mata fiye da ɗaya.[3]

Najeriya wani bangare ne na "belin auren mata da yawa", wani yanki a Yammacin Afirka da Afirka ta Tsakiya inda auren mata da dama ya zama ruwan dare kuma yana da tushe sosai a cikin al'ada. An kiyasta Najeriya tana da matsayi na biyar mafi girma na yawan auren mata da yawa a duniya, tare da kashi 28% na yawan mutanen da ke zaune a cikin auren mata da dama, tare da kasashe hudu kawai (Burkina Faso, Mali,[4] Gambiya da Nijar) da ke da rinjaye mafi girma.[5]

Aikatawa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Jihar Zamfara ita ce ta farko da ta kafa doka game da auren mata da yawa,[6] wanda ya faru a ranar 7 ga Janairu, 2000. Jihar Gombe ita ce jiha ta baya-bayan nan da ta samar da auren mata da yawa, ta halatta shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 2001.[7]

Kamar yadda yankin kudancin Najeriya ya kunshi mafi yawan Kiristoci, ba a gabatar da auren auren mata da yawa a wannan lokacin ba. An yi ƙoƙari don gabatar da Sharia (ta haka ne ya halatta auren mata da yawa) a Jihar Oyo, Jihar Kwara, Jihar Legas,[8][9] da sauransu da yawa, duk da haka duk ba su yi nasara ba. Kungiyoyin auren mata da yawa sun amince da su ta hanyar doka ta al'ada a Najeriya, suna ba da fa'idodi kaɗan ga waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyoyin auren mata masu yawa daga haƙƙin gado zuwa kula da yara.[10]

Ya zuwa shekara ta 2009, har yanzu babu wata muhawara game da gabatar da wani ma'auni wanda zai ba da damar yin amfani da auren mata da yawa a cikin dukan ƙasar Najeriya, barin dokar ta gudana a kan jihar-da-jiha maimakon gabatar da ma'aunin ƙasa.

Mai jujjuyawa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Babu buƙatu da suka danganci addini a Arewa, saboda haka ana ba wa Kiristoci izinin kafa ƙungiyoyin auren mata da yawa kamar yadda Musulmai zasu iya yi.[11] Shugabannin cocin Kirista kamar Archbishop Peter Akinola na Cocin Anglican na Najeriya sun yi Allah wadai da aikin auren mata da yawa da Kiristoci ke yi,[12] tare da Akinola ya ci gaba da rubuta "Binciken [na auren mata da biyu] zai lalata shaidarmu idan ba a yi magana sosai ba. Ba za mu iya da'awar cewa mu coci ne mai gaskata da Littafi Mai-Tsarki ba kuma duk da haka za mu iya zaɓar biyayya. " Rahotanni na 'yan Najeriya masu bin mata da yawa sun fito.

Duk da iyakancewar mata huɗu, akwai alamomi da yawa cewa 'yan Najeriya da yawa sun wuce wannan doka, kamar Muhammadu Bello Masaba, malamin addinin Musulunci mai shekaru 84 wanda aka zarge shi da auren ba bisa ka'ida ba saboda yawan ma'aurata, wanda yake da mata 86.[13] Daga baya kwamishinan Shari'a na Jihar Nijar ya janye tuhumar, tare da Masaba ya iya riƙe dukkan matansa.

A wani bayanin da ya sabawa, an ruwaito a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2007 cewa wata 'yar Najeriya, Aunty Maiduguri, ta auri mata hudu a wani babban bikin a Jihar Kano, kodayake gwamnati ba ta amince da ƙungiyar ta ba, kuma an tilasta wa Maidugur da abokan aikinta su shiga ɓoye jim kadan bayan bikin don kauce wa yiwuwar barazanar da za a jajjefe su idan aka yanke musu hukunci saboda lesbianism, wanda ke haifar da hukuncin kisa ga mata Musulmai da suka yi aure ko kuma yanka ga mata Musulmi marasa aure a yankunan Najeriya a karkashin Shari'a.[14]

Shari'ar auren mata da yawa ta jihar[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Jihar Bauchi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Jihar Bauchi ta kasance jiha mafi kwanan nan a Najeriya da ta tsara dokar amincewa da auren mata da yawa ga 'yan ƙasa,[15] wanda aka kafa bayan kafa dokar Shari'a ta Musulunci a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2001.

Jihar Kwara[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tun lokacin da aka gabatar da dokar Shari'a a duk arewacin Najeriya, an yi ƙoƙari daban-daban don dasa dokar Shari'ar a kudancin Jihar Kwara, wanda zai halatta auren mata da yawa. A halin yanzu ana amince da ƙungiyoyin auren mata da yawa a ƙarƙashin dokar al'ada a duk faɗin Najeriya, amma ba su da fa'idodi da yawa a cikin auren farar hula na Najeriya. Duk da yake auren farar hula a Najeriya yana da mace ɗaya, jihohi da yawa da ƙidaya sun dasa Sharia a cikin tsarin shari'ar su kuma saboda haka an cire su. Duk da yake shigar da Sharia bai yi nasara ba, an kafa kotunan Sharia da yawa a Jihar Kwara don yin aiki don shari'ar shari'ar musulmi. Har yanzu ba a gabatar da shari'a ga dukan jihar a matsayin tsarin shari'a mai mulki ba.[16]

Jihar Legas[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ba a ba da izinin auren mata da yawa ba tun daga 2010 a Jihar Legas, wanda ke da birni mafi yawan jama'a a Najeriya, Legas.[17] An yi ƙoƙari don gabatar da dokar Shari'a a Jihar Legas, don haka ya halatta auren mata da yawa, tun farkon shekara ta 2002, bayan jihohin arewacin Najeriya da dama sun kafa Shari'a azaman tsarin mulki ga Musulmai, amma ba Musulmai ba, a cikin waɗannan jihohin. Birnin Legas a halin yanzu yana da kotun Shari'a wacce ta shafi al'amuran farar hula da shari'a game da Musulmai a cikin birni, kodayake jihar ba ta amince da hukunce-hukuncen ta a matsayin mai ɗaurewa ba, kamar kotun Shari-a a Ingila.[18]

Jihar Nasarawa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A halin yanzu, Jihar Nasarawa ba ta samar da auren mata da yawa ba, kodayake matsayin na iya canzawa.[19] Tun lokacin da aka kafa dokar Shari'a a cikin jihohin arewacin Najeriya da yawa, muhawara game da yin shari'ar Shari'a da ke Jihar Nasarawa nan da nan ta shiga fagen siyasa,[20] ta haifar da fushi da farin ciki daga mazaunan Jihar Nasinawa. Gabatar da irin wannan matakin ya gaza, amma an farfado da shi a tsakiyar watan Yulin 2005.[21]

Magoya bayan sun yi alkawarin ci gaba da yunkurin su na dasa Sharia a cikin jihar. Jihar ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin jihohi kalilan a arewacin Najeriya waɗanda ba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Shari'a ba, watakila saboda yawan Krista. Duk da yake dokar Shari'a a halin yanzu ba a dasa ta ba, akwai kotun Shari'a da ke aiki a cikin jihar, kodayake ta shafi Musulmai kawai.

Jihar Oyo[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tun daga watan Mayu na shekara ta 2002, an yi ƙoƙari don dasa dokar Shari'a a cikin kudancin Jihar Oyo,[22] wanda zai halatta auren mata da yawa. A halin yanzu ana amince da ƙungiyoyin auren mata da yawa a ƙarƙashin dokar al'ada a duk faɗin Najeriya, amma ba su da fa'idodi da yawa a cikin auren farar hula na Najeriya. Duk da yake auren farar hula a Najeriya yana da mace daya, jihohi da yawa sun dasa Sharia a cikin tsarin shari'arsu kuma saboda haka an cire su. Duk da yake shigar da Sharia bai yi nasara ba, an kafa kotunan Sharia da yawa a Jihar Oyo don yin aiki ga shari'ar shari'ar musulmi. Har yanzu ba a gabatar da shari'a ga dukan jihar a matsayin tsarin shari'a mai mulki ba.

Jihar Plateau[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Jihar Plateau a halin yanzu ba ta amince da auren mata da yawa a karkashin dokar farar hula. Kokarin gabatar da dokar Shari'a a Jihar Plateau ya haifar da rikice-rikicen rikice-rikice da yawa tsakanin Kiristoci da Musulmai saboda adawa mai karfi da yawancin Krista suka yi. Ya zuwa 2018, ba a dasa dokar Shari'a a cikin ka'idojin shari'ar jihar ba.

Jihar Zamfara[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Bayan amincewa da Dokar Shari'a a Jihar Zamfara a farkon watan Janairun 2000,[23] Jihar Zamafara ta zama jiha ta farko a Najeriya don ba da izinin amincewa da auren mata da yawa a ƙarƙashin dokar farar hula, saboda haka yana yiwuwa a ƙarƙashin Shari'a, wanda ke ba da damar mutum ya ɗauki mata huɗu bisa asusun cewa yana bi da su daidai. Mahmud Shinkafi, gwamnan Jihar Zamfara, yana da mata biyu.[24]

Bayan Jihar Zamfara ta kafa Sharia wanda ya haifar da auren mata da yawa, wasu jihohi da yawa kamar Jihar Kano ba da daɗewa ba sun bi hakan, don haka sun halatta auren mata da dama.[25] Duk da yake Gwamnatin Najeriya kawai ta amince da auren mace daya a karkashin dokar farar hula, ta amince da ƙungiyoyin auren mata da yawa tare da irin wannan fa'idodi a ƙarƙashin dokar al'ada, jihohin da ke sanya Sharia ba su da irin wannan kuma sabili da haka zasu iya samar da auren mata da dama ga 'yan ƙasarsu.

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. Itoro E. Akpan-Iquot. "Traditional marriage in Nigeria: Polygamy". Migerianwomenworld.com. Archived from the original on 30 December 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  2. "Analysis: Nigeria's Sharia split". News.bbc.co.uk. 7 January 2003. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  3. "Nigeria: Family Code". Genderindex.org. Archived from the original on 3 December 2014. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  4. "Polygamy is rare around the world and mostly confined to a few regions".
  5. "Polygamy is rare around the world and mostly confined to a few regions".
  6. "Q&A: Sharia in Zamfara State". News.bbc.co.uk. 2 September 2003. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  7. "The Unfizzled Sharia Vector in the Nigerian State". Nigerdeltacongress.com. Archived from the original on 20 February 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  8. ’KOLA MAKINDE, ABDUL-FATAH. "THE INSTITUTION OF SHARĪ'AH IN OYOAND OSUN STATES, NIGERIA, 1890 - 2005" (PDF). sharia-in-africa. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  9. None (2019-08-01). "Understanding the costs of polygamy in Nigeria". www.stearsng.com. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  10. "Nigeria". Genderindex.org. Archived from the original on 3 December 2014. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  11. LibertySugar. "Polygamy Makes a Mocker of Christians". POPSUGAR Love & Sex. Archived from the original on 12 October 2009. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  12. "HOW NIGERIAN MORMONS STARTED PRACTICING POLYGAMY IN NIGERIA". Yeyeolade.wordpress.com. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  13. "86 wives not polygamy, Nigeria rules". The New Zealand Herald. October 9, 2008. Archived from the original on February 23, 2013. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  14. "Polygamous lesbians flee Sharia". News.bbc.co.uk. 27 April 2007. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  15. Okogba, Emmanuel (2017-02-05). "How Masaba died leaving behind 130 wives, 203 children". Vanguard News (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-15.
  16. "Sharia may spread to Kwara, Oyo". Archived from the original on October 24, 2007. Retrieved March 10, 2012.
  17. [1] Archived ga Faburairu, 23, 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  18. "Sharia Law In Lagos". Ayobami. 8 August 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  19. "Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series, September 1st-30th 2001 Published October 25th 2001". Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series. 38 (9): 14543–14578. 2001. doi:10.1111/1467-825X.00139.
  20. "nigerdeltacongress.com". Nigerdeltacongress.com. Archived from the original on 20 February 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  21. "Sharia reintroduced". Nasarawastate.org. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  22. "Sharia law 'reaches' Nigeria' south". News.bbc.co.uk. May 2002. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  23. "Analysis: Nigeria's Sharia split". News.bbc.co.uk. 7 January 2003. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  24. "12 Months, 12 Dazzling Brides, Boundless Joy!". BellaNaija. 11 January 2009. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  25. "Analysis: Nigeria's Sharia split". BBC News. January 7, 2003.