Kariyar Ma'aikata Matafiya

Kariyar Ma'aikata Matafiya
ICMW
Iri	international human rights instrument (en) ; yarjejeniya ; core international human rights instrument (en)
Bangare na	United Nations General Assembly Resolution 45/158 (en) da international human rights law (en)
Validity (en)	18 Disamba 1990 –
Coming into force (en)	1 ga Yuli, 2003
Ranar wallafa	18 Disamba 1990
Depositary (en)	United Nations Secretary-General (en)

Yarjejeniyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa kan Kare Haƙƙoƙin Ma'aikatan Masu Hijira da kuma Iyalansu yarjejeniya ce ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da ke kula da kare ma'aikatan baƙin haure da iyalai. An sanya hannu a ranar 18 ga Disambar shekara ta 1990, ya fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Yulin shekara ta 2003 bayan an cimma iyakar jihohi guda 20 masu amincewa da juna a cikin Maris na shekara ta 2003. Kwamitin kula da ma'aikatan baƙin haure (CMW) ne ke sa ido kan aiwatar da yarjejeniyar, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama guda bakwai masu alaƙa da MDD. Yarjejeniyar ta shafi watan Agustan shekara ta 2021 a cikin ƙasashe guda 56.^[1]

Magana[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

“Lokaci ya yi da ya kamata a yi nazari sosai kan bangarori daban-daban na batun hijirar, wanda a yanzu ya shafi daruruwan miliyoyin mutane, kuma ya shafi kasashen da suka fito, da zirga-zirga da kuma inda za a je. Muna bukatar mu kara fahimtar musabbabin kwararowar al'ummar duniya da kuma hadaddiyar alakarsu da ci gaba." Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Kofi Annan, daga rahotonsa na karfafa kungiyar, 9 ga Nuwamba 2002.^[2]

Bayanin[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ƙunshi cikakkiyar yarjejeniya ta ƙasa da ƙasa game da kare haƙƙin ma'aikata baƙi. Yana jaddada alaƙa tsakanin ƙaura da yancin ɗan adam, wanda ke ƙara zama wani muhimmin batu na siyasa a duniya. Yarjejeniyar tana nufin kare ma'aikatan baƙi da membobin danginsu; kasancewarsa ya kafa ma'auni na ɗabi'a, kuma yana zama jagora da ƙarfafawa don haɓaka haƙƙin ƙaura a kowace ƙasa.

A cikin Preamble, Yarjejeniyar ta tuna da yarjejeniyar da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararru ta Ƙasa ta Duniya ta yi game da ma'aikatan ƙaura : Hijira don Yarjejeniyar Aiki (Bita), 1949, Ma'aikatan Hijira (Ƙarin Sharuɗɗa) Yarjejeniyar, 1975, da kuma aikin tilastawa ; Yarjejeniyar Kwadago ta Tilastawa da Soke Yarjejeniyar Aiki na Tilas da kuma yarjejeniyoyin haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasa da ƙasa ciki har da Yarjejeniyar Yaƙi da Wariya a Ilimi .

Babban maƙasudin Yarjejeniyar ita ce haɓaka mutunta haƙƙin ɗan adam na bakin haure. Bakin haure ba ma’aikata kadai ba ne, har ma mutane ne. Yarjejeniyar ba ta haifar da sabbin haƙƙoƙi ga baƙi ba amma tana nufin tabbatar da daidaiton jiyya, da yanayin aiki iri ɗaya, gami da yanayin aikin wucin gadi, ga baƙi da 'yan ƙasa. Yarjejeniyar tana ƙirƙira ne saboda ta dogara da ainihin ra'ayi cewa duk bakin haure su sami mafi ƙarancin kariya. Yarjejeniyar ta amince da cewa baƙi na yau da kullun suna da haƙƙin neman ƙaura, amma ya jaddada cewa baƙin haure ba bisa ƙa’ida ba dole ne su ga ana mutunta muhimman haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam, kamar kowane ɗan adam.

A halin da ake ciki, Yarjejeniyar ta ba da shawarar cewa a dauki matakai don kawar da zirga-zirgar sirri, musamman ta hanyar yaki da bayanan karya da ke ingiza mutane yin hijira ba bisa ka'ida ba, da kuma takunkumai kan masu fataucin mutane da masu daukar nauyin bakin hauren da ba su da takardun izini.

Mataki na 7 na wannan Yarjejeniyar ta kare haƙƙin ma'aikatan ƙaura da iyalansu ba tare da la'akari da "jima'i, launin fata, launi, harshe, addini ko hukunci ba, siyasa ko wani ra'ayi, ƙasa, kabila ko zamantakewa, ƙasa, shekaru, matsayi na tattalin arziki, dukiya, ko wani yanki na kasa, ko ƙabila ko al'umma. matsayin aure, haihuwa, ko wani matsayi”. Kuma Mataki na ashirin da tara yana kare haƙƙin ɗan ma'aikacin ƙaura don suna, zuwa rajistar haihuwa da kuma ɗan ƙasa .

Ana kuma tunawa da wannan Yarjejeniyar ta Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin naƙasassu a Gabatarwar. ^[3]

Jam'iyyu da masu sanya hannu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tun daga watan Agustan shekara ta 2021 ƙasashen da suka amince da Yarjejeniyar su ne ƙasashen da suka fito daga bakin haure (kamar Mexico, Maroko, da Philippines). Ga waɗannan ƙasashe, Yarjejeniyar muhimmiyar abin hawa ce don kare 'yan ƙasa da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje. A cikin Filipinas, alal misali, amincewa da Yarjejeniyar ya faru ne a cikin yanayin da aka kwatanta da wasu lokuta na ma'aikatan Filifin da ake zalunta a ƙasashen waje: irin waɗannan lokuta sun cutar da al'ummar Filipino kuma sun sa amincewa da Yarjejeniyar. Duk da haka, wadannan kasashe su ma kasashe ne masu wuce gona da iri, kuma Yarjejeniyar ta zayyana nauyin da ya rataya a wuyansu na kare haƙƙin 'yan ci-rani a yankunansu, kuma ba su yi wani abu ba wajen kare wadanda ke cikin gida.^[4]^[5]

Babu wata ƙasa mai karɓar baƙin haure a Yammacin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka da ta amince da Yarjejeniyar. Sauran mahimman ƙasashe masu karɓa, irin su Ostiraliya, ƙasashen Larabawa na Tekun Fasha, Indiya da Afirka ta Kudu ba su amince da Yarjejeniyar ba.Template:Image frame

Labari	Yawan jama'a [lower-alpha 1]	Per.
	1,790,722,000
	83,145,000
	5,920,932,000

Parties and signatories
State		Signature	Deposit	Method	PopulationCite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; refs with no name must have content
Albaniya	Party		5 June 2007	Accession	2,878,000
Aljeriya	Party		21 April 2005	Accession	43,851,000
Argentina	Party	10 August 2004	23 February 2007	Ratification	45,196,000
Armeniya	Signatory	26 September 2013			2,963,000
Azerbaijan	Party		11 January 1999	Accession	10,139,000
Bangladash	Party	7 October 1998	24 August 2011	Ratification	164,689,000
Belize	Party		14 November 2001	Accession	398,000
Benin	Party	15 September 2005	6 July 2018	Ratification	12,123,000
Bolibiya	Party		16 October 2000	Accession	11,673,000
Herzegovina	Party		13 December 1996	Accession	3,281,000
Burkina faso	Party	16 November 2001	26 November 2003	Ratification	20,903,000
Cabo Verde	Party		16 September 1997	Accession	556,000
Kambodiya	Signatory	27 September 2004			16,719,000
Kameru	Signatory	15 December 2009			26,546,000
Cadi	Party	26 September 2012	22 February 2022	Ratification	16,426,000
Chile	Party	24 September 1993	21 March 2005	Ratification	19,116,000
Kolombiya	Party		24 May 1995	Accession	50,883,000
Komoros	Signatory	22 September 2000			870,000
Template:Country data Congo, Republic of the	Party	29 September 2008	31 March 2017	Ratification	5,518,000
Ecuador	Party		5 February 2002	Accession	17,643,000
Egypt	Party		19 February 1993	Accession	102,334,000
Salvador	Party	13 September 2002	14 March 2003	Ratification	6,486,000
Fiji	Party		19 August 2019	Accession	896,000
Gabon	Signatory	15 December 2004			2,226,000
Gambia	Party	20 September 2017	28 September 2018	Ratification	2,417,000
Ghana	Party	7 September 2000	7 September 2000	Ratification	31,073,000
Guatemala (ƙasa)	Party	7 September 2000	14 March 2003	Ratification	17,916,000
Gine	Party		7 September 2000	Accession	13,133,000
Guinea-Bissau	Party	12 September 2000	22 October 2018	Ratification	1,968,000
Guyana	Party	15 September 2005	7 July 2010	Ratification	787,000
Haiti	Signatory	5 December 2013			11,403,000
Honduras	Party		9 August 2005	Accession	9,905,000
Indonesiya	Party	22 September 2004	31 May 2012	Ratification	273,524,000
Jamaika	Party	25 September 2008	25 September 2008	Ratification	2,961,000
Kyrgystan	Party		29 September 2003	Accession	6,524,000
Lesotho	Party	24 September 2004	16 September 2005	Ratification	2,142,000
Laberiya	Signatory	22 September 2004			5,058,000
Libya	Party		18 June 2004	Accession	6,871,000
Madagaskar	Party	24 September 2014	13 May 2015	Ratification	27,691,000
Mali	Party		5 June 2003	Accession	20,251,000
Muritaniya	Party		22 January 2007	Accession	4,650,000
Mexico	Party	22 May 1991	8 March 1999	Ratification	128,933,000
Montenegro	Signatory	23 October 2006			628,000
{{country data Morocco}}	Party	15 August 1991	21 June 1993	Ratification	36,911,000
Mozambik	Party	15 March 2012	19 August 2013	Ratification	31,255,000
Nicaragua	Party		26 October 2005	Accession	6,625,000
Nijar	Party		18 March 2009	Accession	24,207,000
Nigeria	Party		27 July 2009	Accession	206,140,000
Palau	Signatory	20 September 2011			18,000
Paraguay	Party	13 September 2000	23 September 2008	Ratification	7,133,000
Peru	Party	22 September 2004	14 September 2005	Ratification	32,972,000
Filipin	Party	15 November 1993	5 July 1995	Ratification	109,581,000
Ruwanda	Party		15 December 2008	Accession	12,952,000
Sao Tome da Prinsipe	Party	6 September 2000	10 January 2017	Ratification	219,000
Senegal	Party		9 June 1999	Accession	16,744,000
{{country data Serbia}}	Signatory	11 November 2004			8,737,000
Seychelles	Party		15 December 1994	Accession	98,000
Saliyo	Signatory	15 September 2000			7,977,000
Sri Lanka	Party		11 March 1996	Accession	21,413,000
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ^(en)	Party		29 October 2010	Accession	111,000
Syria	Party		2 June 2005	Accession	17,501,000
Tajikistan	Party	7 September 2000	8 January 2002	Ratification	9,538,000
Timor-Leste	Party		30 January 2004	Accession	1,318,000
Togo	Party	15 November 2001	16 December 2020	Ratification	8,279,000
Turkiyya	Party	13 January 1999	27 September 2004	Ratification	84,339,000
Uganda	Party		14 November 1995	Accession	45,741,000
Uruguay	Party		15 February 2001	Accession	3,474,000
Venezuela	Party	4 October 2011	25 October 2016	Ratification	28,436,000