Jerin kudade a Afirka

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Jerin kudade a Afirka
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An samo asalin kuɗin Afirka ne daga abubuwa na yau da kullun, kayayyaki, dabbobi har ma da mutanen da ke cikin yankin don ƙirƙirar hanyar musayar kuɗi . Hakan ya fara canzawa tun daga ƙarni na 17, yayin da Turawa ‘yan mulkin mallaka suka bullo da nasu tsarin kudi cikin kasashen da suka mamaye.

Yayin da kasashen Afirka suka samu 'yancin kai a karni na 20, wasu sun rike sabbin darikun da aka bullo da su, ko da yake wasu sun canza sunan kudadensu saboda wasu dalilai. A yau, hauhawar farashin kayayyaki sau da yawa yana haifar da buƙatar samun ƙarin kwanciyar hankali {amma haramun} kudaden waje, yayin da a yankunan karkara har yanzu ana amfani da tsarin ciniki na asali. Ya zuwa ranar 1 ga Maris, din shekarar 2019, dinari na Libya (LYD) yana da kudi mafi karfi a Afirka.

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Zamanin mulkin mallaka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A zamanin mulkin mallaka, a wasu lokuta ana amfani da abubuwa da yawa azaman kuɗi a Afirka. Waɗannan sun haɗa da harsashi, ingots, zinariya (ƙurar zinariya da tsabar zinare ( Asante )), ƙwan kibiya, ƙarfe, gishiri, shanu, awaki, barguna, gatari, beads, da dai sauransu. A farkon karni na 19 ana iya siyan bawa a yammacin Afirka tare da kudin manilla ; ɗimbin zoben tagulla masu siffar X ko wasu ƙarfe waɗanda za a iya ɗaure su akan sandar.

Zamanin mulkin mallaka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A lokacin mulkin mallaka (kimanin daga 1680 zuwa 1990) ƴan mulkin mallaka daban-daban sun gabatar da nasu kuɗaɗe ga yankunansu ko kuma samar da nau'ikan kuɗaɗensu na gida. Wadannan sun hada da shilling na Somaliya ; Lira na Gabashin Afirka ta Italiya ; da kuma franc na Afirka (a cikin ƙasashen Faransanci). Yawancin gwamnatocin bayan mulkin mallaka sun riƙe suna da tsarin ƙungiyar ƙima na kudin su na zamanin mulkin mallaka. Misali an maye gurbin Fam na Afirka ta Yamma da Fam na Najeriya, wanda aka raba shi zuwa shillings, kafin a maye gurbinsa da Naira .

Zamani na zamani[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ga wani yanayi na daban lokacin da dangantakar da ke da karfi na kasashen waje ta canza, wanda ya haifar da canji a cikin kudin: Rupe na Gabashin Afirka (daga kasuwanci na dogon lokaci tare da Larabawa da Indiya) ya maye gurbin shilling na Gabashin Afirka bayan Birtaniya ya zama mafi rinjaye a cikin yankin. Sauran ƙasashe sun watsar da babban kuɗin makwabci: Botswana pula ya maye gurbin Rand na Afirka ta Kudu a Botswana a 1976. Wasu kasashen ba su canza kudinsu ba duk da kasancewarsu bayan mulkin mallaka, misali Uganda na rike da shilling na Uganda .

Yawancin ƙasashen Afirka suna canza kamannin kuɗin su lokacin da sabuwar gwamnati ta hau kan karagar mulki (sau da yawa sabon shugaban ƙasa zai bayyana a kan takardun banki), ko da yake ƙimar ta kasa ta kasance iri ɗaya. Har ila yau, a yawancin kuɗaɗen Afirka an sami hauhawar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, wanda ya haifar da buƙatar sake kimanta darajar kuɗi (misali dalar Zimbabwe ). A wasu wuraren ana samun bunkasuwar kasuwancin tituna da ’yan kasuwar da ba su da lasisi a kan dalar Amurka ko wasu tsayayyun kudade, wadanda ake kallon su a matsayin katanga na hana hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a cikin gida. Farashin musaya ya fi dacewa ga mai siyar da kuɗin waje fiye da ƙimar bankin hukuma, amma irin wannan ciniki yawanci ba bisa ka'ida ba ne.[ana buƙatar hujja]

A yawancin yankunan karkara har yanzu akwai al'adun musanya mai ƙarfi, kayan da aka musayar suna da daraja nan da nan fiye da kuɗin hukuma (bayan ka'idar cewa mutum zai iya cin kaza, amma ba tsabar kuɗi ba). Ko da a inda ake amfani da kuɗi, hagging kan farashin ya zama ruwan dare gama gari.[ana buƙatar hujja] da dalar Rhodesian kafin samun yancin kai wanda koyaushe ya kasance babban kuɗin da ke da alaƙa da fam na Burtaniya.

Kuɗin yanki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Nahiyar[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  Akwai wani tsari na hada hadar kudi na nahiyar Afirka baki daya, wanda zai yi kira da a samar da wani sabon hadaddiyar kudin waje, mai kama da kudin Euro.[1] A wani lokaci ana kiran kuɗin hasashe a matsayin afro ko afriq.[2] A cikin Afrilu 2021, Wamkele Mene, Sakatare Janar na AfCFTA ya ce: "Ban san tsawon lokacin da za a dauka kafin Afirka ta sami kudin bai-daya ba. Wataƙila hakan ba zai faru a rayuwarmu ba, amma dole ne mu fara wani wuri don magance yawan kuɗaɗen kuɗi a matsayin hani ga kasuwanci tsakanin Afirka.”

Afirka ta Yamma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Yankin Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ya ba da shawarar samar da kudin bai daya ga dukkan jihohin yammacin Afirka, Eco.[3] A watan Mayun 2020, an cimma yarjejeniya tsakanin gwamnatin Faransa da wasu kasashen yammacin Afirka 8, wanda ke nufin canza kudin CFA zuwa Eco; ko da yake ba a kafa wani shiri ba kamar na Janairu 2021.[4] Koyaya, saboda tasirin cutar ta COVID-19, an ba da rahoton cewa shugaban Cote d'Ivoire Alassane Ouattara ya ce a watan Satumba na 2020 ba ya tsammanin za a aiwatar da eco na wasu shekaru 3 zuwa 5.

Gabashin Afirka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Hakazalika, a Gabashin Afirka, kasashe mambobin kungiyar Gabashin Afrika sun yi shirin bullo da wani kudi guda, shilling na gabashin Afrika har zuwa shekarar 2012. [5] Bayan jinkiri, an dage wannan zuwa 2024.[6][7]

Kudin yanzu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Present currencies of African countries
Currency ISO 4217 currency code Currency sign Country
Algerian dinar DZD DA (Latin) دج (Arabic) Aljeriya
Angolan kwanza AOA Kz Angola
Botswana pula BWP P Botswana
Burundian franc BIF FBu Burundi
Cape Verdean escudo CVE Cabo Verde
CFA franc

There are two different currencies called the CFA franc: the West African CFA franc (XOF) and the Central African CFA franc (XAF). 		XAF FCFA Kameru
Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya
Cadi
Jamhuriyar Kwango
Gini Ikwatoriya
Gabon
XOF CFA Benin
Burkina Faso
Guinea-Bissau
Template:Country data Côte d'Ivoire
Mali
Nijar
Senegal
Togo
Comorian franc KMF FC Komoros
Congolese franc CDF FC Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango
Dalasi GMD D  Gambia
Djiboutian franc DJF Fdj Jibuti
Egyptian pound EGP LE (Latin)

ج.م (Egyptian Arabic) 		 Egypt
Eritrean nakfa ERN Nkf (Latin script)

ናቕፋ (Ge'ez script)

ناكفا (Arabic script) 		Eritrea
Ethiopian birr ETB Br (Latin Script)

ብር (Ethiopic Script)

Habasha
Ghanaian cedi GHS ₵ Ghana
Guinean franc GNF FG Gine
Kenyan shilling KES KSh Kenya
Lesotho loti LSL L (singular) M (plural) Lesotho
Liberian dollar LRD $ Laberiya
Libyan dinar LYD LD (Latin)

ل.د (Libyan Arabic) 		Libya
Lilangeni SZL L (singular) E (plural) Eswatini
Malagasy ariary MGA Ar Madagaskar
Malawian kwacha MWK MK Malawi
Mauritian rupee MUR Re (singular) Rs (plural) Moris
Moroccan dirham MAD DH Moroko
Mozambican metical MZN Mt Mozambik
Namibian dollar NAD N$ Namibiya
Nigerian naira NGN ₦  Nigeria
Ouguiya MRU UM Muritaniya
RTGS Dollar n/a $ Zimbabwe
Rwandan franc RWF FRw Ruwanda
São Tomé and Príncipe dobra STN Db Sao Tome da Prinsipe
Seychellois rupee SCR Re (singular) Rs (plural) Seychelles
Sierra Leonean leone SLL Le Saliyo
Somali shilling SOS Sh.So. Somaliya
South African rand ZAR R  South Africa
South Sudanese pound SSP £ Sudan ta Kudu
Sudanese pound SDG LS or ج.س Sudan
Tanzanian shilling TZS TSh Tanzaniya
Tunisian dinar TND DT (Latin)

د.ت (Tunisian Arabic) 		Tunisiya
Ugandan shilling UGX USh Uganda
Zambian kwacha ZMW K Zambiya

Nassoshi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ Alao, Adeyemi College of Education (ACE) Department of Economics. "African single currency: The Great White Hope for a New Africa". Ondo, Nigeria. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
  2. ↑ Plessis, Carien du (10 April 2021). "Africa far from a common currency, but technology could make up for that". Fin24. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  3. ↑ Lago, Ruth (29 January 2021). "Where are we with the Eco since the end of the CFA?". Africanews. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  4. ↑ Smith, Elliot (29 September 2020). "West Africa's new currency couldn't now be delayed by five years". CNBC. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  5. ↑ Lavelle, John (5 July 2008). "East Africa: Resurrecting the East African Shilling". AllAfrica. Retrieved 26 April 2021.]
  6. ↑ Roark, James (28 March 2020). "The East African Community's First Constitution". BORGEN Magazine. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  7. ↑ Ordu, Aloysius Uche (21 February 2020). "Common currency? Well, region must first build trust and grow investment". The EastAfrican. Retrieved 26 April 2021.

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

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